Enrico Toffalini
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View article: DARE to wear: digital health promotion and disease prevention using wearable devices
DARE to wear: digital health promotion and disease prevention using wearable devices Open
Global healthcare systems are under increasing strain to ensure long-term sustainability, necessitating a fundamental transition towards proactive, preventive healthcare strategies. Wearable sensor technologies are uniquely positioned to f…
View article: Sex differences in variability: Evidence from math and reading assessment in Italy
Sex differences in variability: Evidence from math and reading assessment in Italy Open
A meta-analytical approach was used to test the greater male variability hypothesis using the mathematics and reading performance of more than 26 million Italian children across second, fifth, and eighth-grade. In keeping with the hypothes…
View article: Rethinking Type S and M Errors
Rethinking Type S and M Errors Open
Gelman and Carlin (2014) introduced Type S (sign) and Type M (magnitude) errors to highlight the possibility that statistically significant results in published articles are misleading. While these concepts have been proposed to be useful …
View article: Exploring the mediating role of academic anxiety in mathematics and reading performance among boys and girls: A comprehensive study of Italian fifth graders
Exploring the mediating role of academic anxiety in mathematics and reading performance among boys and girls: A comprehensive study of Italian fifth graders Open
View article: Sleep and script-based memory distortions
Sleep and script-based memory distortions Open
Sleep has been widely studied for its role in memory consolidation, including its influence on false memory formation. While previous research suggests that sleep enhances associative false memories, its effect on reconstructive memory dis…
View article: Enhancing the quality and reproducibility of research: Preferred Evaluation of Cognitive and Neuropsychological Studies - The PECANS statement for human studies
Enhancing the quality and reproducibility of research: Preferred Evaluation of Cognitive and Neuropsychological Studies - The PECANS statement for human studies Open
View article: Intellectual giftedness in adult lifespan: just a dimensional account or are there areas especially sensitive to high potential?
Intellectual giftedness in adult lifespan: just a dimensional account or are there areas especially sensitive to high potential? Open
The present study offers an adult lifespan perspective on the intellectual characteristics of 111 intellectually gifted individuals, drawn from a larger representative sample of 2173 individuals aged 16 to 90. We investigated five main ind…
View article: The Benefits of Reporting Critical-Effect-Size Values
The Benefits of Reporting Critical-Effect-Size Values Open
Critical-effect-size values represent the smallest detectable effect that can reach statistical significance given a specific sample size, alpha level, and test statistic. It can be useful to calculate the critical effect size when designi…
View article: SEMbeddings: how to evaluate model misfit before data collection using large-language models
SEMbeddings: how to evaluate model misfit before data collection using large-language models Open
Recent developments suggest that Large Language Models (LLMs) provide a promising approach for approximating empirical correlation matrices of item responses by utilizing item embeddings and their cosine similarities. In this paper, we int…
View article: SEMbeddings: how to evaluate model misfit before data collection using large-language models
SEMbeddings: how to evaluate model misfit before data collection using large-language models Open
Introduction Recent developments suggest that Large Language Models (LLMs) provide a promising approach for approximating empirical correlation matrices of item responses by utilizing item embeddings and their cosine similarities. In this …
View article: The benefits of reporting critical effect size values
The benefits of reporting critical effect size values Open
Critical effect size values represent the smallest detectable effect that can reach statistical significance given a specific sample size, alpha level and test statistic. It can be useful to calculate the critical effect size when designin…
View article: Verbal and Non-Verbal Skills in Down Syndrome: Have They Changed Over the Years?
Verbal and Non-Verbal Skills in Down Syndrome: Have They Changed Over the Years? Open
View article: Understanding sex/gender differences in intelligence profiles of children with Autism: A comprehensive WISC meta-analysis
Understanding sex/gender differences in intelligence profiles of children with Autism: A comprehensive WISC meta-analysis Open
View article: Clusters that are not there: An R tutorial and a Shiny app to quantify a priori inferential risks when using clustering methods
Clusters that are not there: An R tutorial and a Shiny app to quantify a priori inferential risks when using clustering methods Open
Clustering methods are increasingly used in social science research. Generally, researchers use them to infer the existence of qualitatively different types of individuals within a larger population, thus unveiling previously “hidden” hete…
View article: In emotion and reading motivation, children with a diagnosis of dyslexia are not just the end of a continuum
In emotion and reading motivation, children with a diagnosis of dyslexia are not just the end of a continuum Open
Children with dyslexia (CwD) often report poor psychological well‐being. We examined (i) whether anxiety, self‐concept and reading motivation in CwD differed from those of typically developing children (TDC; case–control design, Study 1a) …
View article: Effects of Music Listening on Cognition and Affective State in Older Adults
Effects of Music Listening on Cognition and Affective State in Older Adults Open
This systematic review and meta-analysis examined whether and how music listening impacts cognition and affect in healthy older adults, specifically considering the emotional connotations of music (happy- or sad-sounding music) and its pre…
View article: Sex differences in cognition: A meta-analysis of variance ratios in the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children
Sex differences in cognition: A meta-analysis of variance ratios in the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children Open
A meta-analytic approach was used to explore sex differences in within-sex variation across different versions of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC). Mean sex differences and variance ratios (VRs) were obtained from 75 stu…
View article: In Emotion and Reading Motivation, Children With a Diagnosis of Dyslexia Are Not Just the End of a Continuum
In Emotion and Reading Motivation, Children With a Diagnosis of Dyslexia Are Not Just the End of a Continuum Open
Background: Children with dyslexia often report poor psychological well-being. We examined i) whether anxiety, self-concept, and reading motivation in children with dyslexia differed from those of controls (case-control design, Study 1a), …
View article: Sex/gender differences in general cognitive abilities: an investigation using the Leiter-3
Sex/gender differences in general cognitive abilities: an investigation using the Leiter-3 Open
View article: SEMbeddings: how to evaluate model misfit before data collection using large-language models
SEMbeddings: how to evaluate model misfit before data collection using large-language models Open
Recent developments suggest that Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a viable approach to approximate empirical correlation matrices of item responses through the utilization of item embeddings and their cosine similarities. In this paper, …
View article: Psychometrically skewed distributions lead to pseudoclustering
Psychometrically skewed distributions lead to pseudoclustering Open
Munez et al. (2023) challenge the dimensional framework on learning difficulties by suggesting that children with math difficulties might cluster into qualitatively different types, rather than representing a single homogeneous population.…
View article: Math anxiety and math achievement in primary school children: Longitudinal relationship and predictors
Math anxiety and math achievement in primary school children: Longitudinal relationship and predictors Open
Background: Math anxiety (MA) and math achievement (MATH) are related, but the direction of their relationship and their predictors are still unclear. Aims: We tested whether MATH predicts MA (Deficit Theory), MA predicts MATH (Debilitatin…
View article: The Intellectual Profile of Adults with Specific Learning Disabilities
The Intellectual Profile of Adults with Specific Learning Disabilities Open
Despite growing research on adults with specific learning disabilities (SLDs), evidence concerning their intellectual profile remains scarce. The present study examined the results of the administration of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence S…
View article: Oral language interventions can improve language outcomes in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Oral language interventions can improve language outcomes in children with neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis Open
Background Young people who fail to develop language as expected face significant challenges in all aspects of life. Unfortunately, language disorders are common, either as a distinct condition (e.g., Developmental Language Disorder) or as…
View article: Maths anxiety and subjective perception of control, value and success expectancy in mathematics
Maths anxiety and subjective perception of control, value and success expectancy in mathematics Open
Mathematics anxiety (MA) is an academic anxiety related to doing, learning and testing mathematics. MA can negatively affect mathematics performance, motivation and maths-heavy science and technology-related career choices. Previous data s…
View article: Gender Differences in the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children in a Large Group of Italian Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Gender Differences in the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children in a Large Group of Italian Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Open
Despite being repeatedly investigated in children with typical development, research on gender differences in intellectual abilities in specific groups of children, including children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), h…
View article: Reliability of the g factor over time in Italian INVALSI data (2010-2022): What can achievement-g tell us about the Flynn effect?
Reliability of the g factor over time in Italian INVALSI data (2010-2022): What can achievement-g tell us about the Flynn effect? Open
View article: Developmental profiles of young children with autism spectrum disorder and global developmental delay: A study with the Griffiths<scp>III</scp>scales
Developmental profiles of young children with autism spectrum disorder and global developmental delay: A study with the Griffiths<span>III</span>scales Open
The purpose of this study was to identify developmental profiles associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and global developmental delay (DD) in pre‐school aged Italian children. Developmental profiles were evaluated by means of a st…
View article: Il progressivo ridimensionamento dell'uso di categorie diagnostiche nei disturbi del neurosviluppo: alcune riflessioni a partire dall'intervento di Antonietti, Borgatti e Giorgetti
Il progressivo ridimensionamento dell'uso di categorie diagnostiche nei disturbi del neurosviluppo: alcune riflessioni a partire dall'intervento di Antonietti, Borgatti e Giorgetti Open
In risposta all'articolo bersaglio "Cambiare paradigma per i disturbi del neuro sviluppo? Dalla ricerca alla pratica clinica" abbiamo scritto un contributo sull'approccio dimensionale versus l'approccio categoriale. Nell'articolo vengono s…
View article: Cognitive characteristics of intellectually gifted children with a diagnosis of ADHD
Cognitive characteristics of intellectually gifted children with a diagnosis of ADHD Open