Eric E. Kelley
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View article: Nitrite supplementation alleviates cerebrovascular dysfunction in chronically stressed mice, but cognitive decline remains
Nitrite supplementation alleviates cerebrovascular dysfunction in chronically stressed mice, but cognitive decline remains Open
This study aimed to determine whether sodium nitrite supplementation prevented chronic stress‐induced cerebrovascular dysfunction and cognitive decline. We hypothesize that nitrite supplementation will prevent the oxidative environment and…
View article: Liver-Derived, Circulating Xanthine Oxidoreductase Drives Vascular Impairment Associated with Inhalation of Ultrafine Particulates
Liver-Derived, Circulating Xanthine Oxidoreductase Drives Vascular Impairment Associated with Inhalation of Ultrafine Particulates Open
Inhalation of ultrafine particles (UFP) mediates systemic vascular impairment which is, in part, driven by elevated rates of oxidant generation. One significant source of oxidant production in the vascular compartment is the purine catabol…
View article: Maternal nano-titanium dioxide inhalation exposure alters placental cyclooxygenase and oxidant balance in a sexually dimorphic manner
Maternal nano-titanium dioxide inhalation exposure alters placental cyclooxygenase and oxidant balance in a sexually dimorphic manner Open
The placenta plays a critical role in nutrient-waste exchange between the maternal and fetal circulation, and thus impacts fetal growth and development. We have previously shown that nano-titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) inhalation exposure du…
View article: Urate Biology and Biochemistry: A Year in Review 2022
Urate Biology and Biochemistry: A Year in Review 2022 Open
The past year generated significant change and advancement of the urate field with novel insights regarding the role of uric acid (UA) in multiple pathophysiologic processes from gout to COVID-19. While these contributions continue to move…
View article: Lung-gut axis of microbiome alterations following co-exposure to ultrafine carbon black and ozone
Lung-gut axis of microbiome alterations following co-exposure to ultrafine carbon black and ozone Open
Background Microbial dysbiosis is a potential mediator of air pollution-induced adverse outcomes. However, a systemic comparison of the lung and gut microbiome alterations and lung-gut axis following air pollution exposure is scant. In thi…
View article: A genome-wide association analysis of 2,622,830 individuals reveals new pathogenic pathways in gout
A genome-wide association analysis of 2,622,830 individuals reveals new pathogenic pathways in gout Open
Gout is a chronic disease of monosodium urate crystal deposition in the setting of hyperuricemia that typically presents with recurrent flares of acute inflammatory arthritis that occur due to innate immune response to deposited crystals. …
View article: Aerosol physicochemical determinants of carbon black and ozone inhalation co-exposure induced pulmonary toxicity
Aerosol physicochemical determinants of carbon black and ozone inhalation co-exposure induced pulmonary toxicity Open
Air pollution accounts for more than 7 million premature deaths worldwide. Using ultrafine carbon black (CB) and ozone (O3) as a model for an environmental co-exposure scenario, the dose response relationships in acute pulmonary injury and…
View article: Using the Isolated Rat Placenta to Assess Fetoplacental Hemodynamics
Using the Isolated Rat Placenta to Assess Fetoplacental Hemodynamics Open
Placental health is critical to fetal growth and maternal health during gestation. However, investigating placental flow in an ex-vivo isolated system where inflow is independently controlled has yet to be developed in the rat. Here, we de…
View article: Ti2N nitride MXene evokes the Mars-van Krevelen mechanism to achieve high selectivity for nitrogen reduction reaction
Ti2N nitride MXene evokes the Mars-van Krevelen mechanism to achieve high selectivity for nitrogen reduction reaction Open
We address the low selectivity problem faced by the electrochemical nitrogen (N 2 ) reduction reaction (NRR) to ammonia (NH 3 ) by exploiting the Mars-van Krevelen (MvK) mechanism on two-dimensional (2D) Ti 2 N nitride MXene. NRR technolog…
View article: Oxidant-induced epithelial alarmin pathway mediates lung inflammation and functional decline following ultrafine carbon and ozone inhalation co-exposure
Oxidant-induced epithelial alarmin pathway mediates lung inflammation and functional decline following ultrafine carbon and ozone inhalation co-exposure Open
Environmental inhalation exposures are inherently mixed (gases and particles), yet regulations are still based on single toxicant exposures. While the impacts of individual components of environmental pollution have received substantial at…
View article: Chronic stress induced perivascular adipose tissue impairment of aortic function and the therapeutic effect of exercise
Chronic stress induced perivascular adipose tissue impairment of aortic function and the therapeutic effect of exercise Open
New Findings What is the central question of this study? Thoracic perivascular adipose tissue (tPVAT) is known to, in part, regulate aortic function: what are the effects of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) on the tPVAT regulation …
View article: Xanthine Oxidase Drives Hemolysis and Vascular Malfunction in Sickle Cell Disease
Xanthine Oxidase Drives Hemolysis and Vascular Malfunction in Sickle Cell Disease Open
Objective: Chronic hemolysis is a hallmark of sickle cell disease (SCD) and a driver of vasculopathy; however, the mechanisms contributing to hemolysis remain incompletely understood. Although XO (xanthine oxidase) activity has been shown …
View article: Uric Acid and Hypertension: An Update With Recommendations
Uric Acid and Hypertension: An Update With Recommendations Open
The association between increased serum urate and hypertension has been a subject of intense controversy. Extracellular uric acid drives uric acid deposition in gout, kidney stones, and possibly vascular calcification. Mendelian randomizat…
View article: Hydrogen sulfide stimulates xanthine oxidoreductase conversion to nitrite reductase and formation of NO
Hydrogen sulfide stimulates xanthine oxidoreductase conversion to nitrite reductase and formation of NO Open
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide with increased oxidative stress and reduced NO bioavailability serving as key risk factors. For decades, elevation in protein abundance and enzymatic activity of…
View article: Multiorgan Development of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress in LPS-Induced Endotoxemia in C57Bl/6 Mice: DHE-Based<i>In Vivo</i>Approach
Multiorgan Development of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress in LPS-Induced Endotoxemia in C57Bl/6 Mice: DHE-Based<i>In Vivo</i>Approach Open
Detection of free radicals in tissues is challenging. Most approaches rely on incubating excised sections or homogenates with reagents, typically at supraphysiologic oxygen tensions, to finally detect surrogate, nonspecific end products. I…
View article: Adipose tissue-derived free fatty acids initiate myeloid cell accumulation in mouse liver in states of lipid oversupply
Adipose tissue-derived free fatty acids initiate myeloid cell accumulation in mouse liver in states of lipid oversupply Open
Accumulation of myeloid cells in the liver, notably dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes/macrophages (MCs), is a major component of the metainflammation of obesity. However, the mechanism(s) stimulating hepatic DC/MC infiltration remain ill…
View article: Experimental intravascular hemolysis induces hemodynamic and pathological pulmonary hypertension: association with accelerated purine metabolism
Experimental intravascular hemolysis induces hemodynamic and pathological pulmonary hypertension: association with accelerated purine metabolism Open
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is emerging as a serious complication associated with hemolytic disorders, and plexiform lesions (PXL) have been reported in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). We hypothesized that repetitive hemolysis per…
View article: Cytochrome b5 Reductase 3 Modulates Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Redox State and cGMP Signaling
Cytochrome b5 Reductase 3 Modulates Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Redox State and cGMP Signaling Open
Rationale: Soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) heme iron, in its oxidized state (Fe 3+ ), is desensitized to NO and limits cGMP production needed for downstream activation of protein kinase G–dependent signaling and blood vessel dilation. Obje…