Eric E. Stimpson
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Investigating the dependence of the biquadratic exchange interaction on extrinsic factors in permalloy–ruthenium synthetic antiferromagnets Open
In this work, we extract the temperature-dependent bilinear J1 and biquadratic J2 exchange energy densities in permalloy–ruthenium-based synthetic antiferromagnet bilayers, trilayers, and tetralayers. In our samples, the ruthenium interlay…