Eric Shuman
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Increasing Perceived Outgroup Heterogeneity Following Exposure to Extreme Violence: An Intervention Tournament in Times of War Open
Exposure to political violence often drives individuals toward extreme attitudes and greater support for retaliatory policies, including heightened perceptions of outgroup homogeneity. In violent intergroup conflicts, such perceptions can …
View article: Is Exposure to Conflict‐Related Violence Associated With Less Intergroup Empathy? The Moderating Role of Ideology
Is Exposure to Conflict‐Related Violence Associated With Less Intergroup Empathy? The Moderating Role of Ideology Open
Exposure to conflict‐related violence is one of the most harmful consequences of living amidst a violent intergroup conflict. While its potential significance is profound, the impact of exposure to conflict‐related violence on intergroup e…
The radical flank: Curse or blessing of a social movement? Open
Social movements often comprise a variety of actors employing differing levels of radicality. This study examines how collective action enables social change by studying the influence of the presence of a radical flank on public support fo…
View article: Defend, Deny, Distance, and Dismantle: A New Measure of Advantaged Identity Management
Defend, Deny, Distance, and Dismantle: A New Measure of Advantaged Identity Management Open
The experience of privilege can trigger psychological conflict among advantaged group members. Nonetheless, little work has explored strategies that advantaged group members use to manage their identities as privileged actors. Building on …
Should I Stay or Should I Go? Motives and Barriers for Sustained Collective Action Toward Social Change Open
Israel’s year-long protest calling for Prime Minister Netanyahu’s resignation created an opportunity to examine unique factors influencing sustained collective action (SCA; i.e., repeated participation in social movement action for the sam…
The Intergroup Value Protection Model: A Theoretically Integrative and Dynamic Approach to Intergroup Conflict Escalation in Democratic Societies Open
Scientific Abstract We review social-psychological evidence for a theoretically integrative and dynamic model of intergroup conflict escalation within democratic societies. Viewing individuals as social regulators who protect their social …
View article: Examining real-world legitimization of cross-party violence through two explanatory frameworks: Affective polarization and low group efficacy
Examining real-world legitimization of cross-party violence through two explanatory frameworks: Affective polarization and low group efficacy Open
Cross-party violence – violence between opposing partisans – is a growing concern worldwide. Understanding the predictors of the legitimization of violence against political opponents is thus becoming a vital goal. In this work, we propose…
Together we will rise? Perceptions of instrumentality and normalization as motivations for joint collective action among the disadvantaged Open
The current research examines joint collective action between advantaged and disadvantaged groups, from the perspective of the latter. We hypothesize that joint action poses a dilemma which lies in the tension between perceived instrumenta…
Advancing support for intergroup equality via a self-affirmation campaign Open
Members of historically advantaged groups are often unwilling to support actions or policies aimed at reducing inequality between advantaged and disadvantaged groups, even if they generally support the principle of equality. Based on past …
View article: Insights into accuracy of social scientists' forecasts of societal change
Insights into accuracy of social scientists' forecasts of societal change Open
How well can social scientists predict societal change, and what processes underlie their predictions? To answer these questions, we ran two forecasting tournaments testing accuracy of predictions of societal change in domains commonly stu…
View article: Insights into accuracy of social scientists' forecasts of societal change
Insights into accuracy of social scientists' forecasts of societal change Open
How well can social scientists predict societal change, and what processes underlie their predictions? To answer these questions, we ran two forecasting tournaments testing accuracy of predictions of societal change in domains commonly stu…
Advancing Support for Intergroup Equality Via a Self-Affirmation Campaign Open
Members of historically advantaged groups are often unwilling to support actions or policies aimed at reducing inequality between advantaged and disadvantaged groups, even if they generally support the principle of equality. Based on past …
Generating constructive disruption Open
Much social psychological work sought to understand the psychological motivations that drive members of disadvantaged groups to engage in collective action. As a result, the questions of when and how collective action might lead to social …
Defend, Deny, Distance, and Dismantle: A Measure of How Advantaged Group Members Manage Their Identity Open
The experience of privilege can trigger psychological conflict among advantaged group members. Nonetheless, little work has explored strategies that advantaged group members use to manage their identities as privileged actors. Building on …
Protected by the Emotions of the Group: Perceived Emotional Fit and Disadvantaged Group Members’ Activist Burnout Open
Psychological processes that hamper activism, such as activist burnout, threaten social change. We suggest that perceived emotional fit (i.e., perceiving to experience similar emotions as other disadvantaged group members) may buffer activ…
Protest movements involving limited violence can sometimes be effective: Evidence from the 2020 BlackLivesMatter protests Open
Significance The effects of recent protests for racial equality, particularly when they included violence, are currently of public and academic interest. To better understand these effects, we combine a dataset of all 2020 BlackLivesMatter…
Shamed If You Do, Shamed If You Do Not: Group-Based Moral Emotions, Accountability, and Tolerance of Enemy Collateral Casualties Open
Civilian casualties contribute to the perpetuation of intergroup conflicts through increased radicalization and hostilities, but little is known on the psychological processes that affect responses to outgroup civilian casualties. The goal…
Does violence within a non-violent social movement help or hurt the movement? Evidence from the 2020 BlackLivesMatter Protests Open
The murder of George Floyd ignited one of the largest mass mobilizations in US history, including both non-violent and violent BlackLivesMatter protests in the summer of 2020. Many have since asked: did the violence within the largely non-…
Does crossing a moral line justify collective means? Explaining how a perceived moral violation triggers normative and nonnormative forms of collective action Open
In three studies conducted in the United States, we examined whether a perceived moral violation motivates willingness to engage in normative and more radical collective action. Using value‐protection and identity‐formation models, we expl…
Disrupting the system constructively: Testing the effectiveness of nonnormative nonviolent collective action. Open
Collective action research tends to focus on motivations of the disadvantaged group, rather than on which tactics are effective at driving the advantaged group to make concessions to the disadvantaged. We focused on the potential of nonnor…
View article: Views of sexual assault following #MeToo: The role of gender and individual differences
Views of sexual assault following #MeToo: The role of gender and individual differences Open
One way social movements can achieve change is through impacting public opinion, yet research testing effects of real-world collective action is scarce. In this research, we investigated both short and long-term impact of #MeToo, a global …
Disrupting the System Constructively: Testing the Effectiveness of Nonnormative Nonviolent Collective Action Open
Collective action research tends to focus on motivations of the disadvantaged group, rather than on which tactics are effective at driving the advantaged group to make concessions to the disadvantaged. We focused on the potential of nonnor…
With or without you: The paradoxical role of identification in predicting joint and ingroup collective action in intergroup conflict Open
While we have a rich understanding of the motivations of disadvantaged group members to act collectively with their group, especially the important role played by identification, we know less about the disadvantaged's motivations to engage…
The Quest for Hope: Disadvantaged Group Members Can Fulfill Their Desire to Feel Hope, but Only When They Believe in Their Power Open
Within contexts of oppression and struggle for social change, in which hope is constantly challenged, do disadvantaged group members still want to feel hope? If so, does this desire translate into actual hope? And does motivation for hope …
Acting together with the enemy Open
The current research examines joint collective action (e.g., between Blacks and Whites) from the perspective of disadvantaged group members, for whom such action reflects a dilemma of whether to “sleep with the enemy.” Integrating insights…
Seeking Hope in Times of Darkness: Perceived Setbacks in Achieving Goals Predict Increased Motivation for Hope among Disadvantaged Group Members Open
Within contexts of prolonged oppression and struggle for social change, in which hope is constantly challenged, do disadvantaged group members still want to feel hope? If so, does this desire translate into actual hope? We suggest that spe…