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View article: Strain variation in the <i>Candida albicans</i> iron limitation response
Strain variation in the <i>Candida albicans</i> iron limitation response Open
Iron acquisition is critical for pathogens to proliferate during invasive infection, and the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans is no exception. The iron regulatory network, established in reference strain SC5314 and derivatives, inclu…
View article: Reinforcement amid genetic diversity in the Candida albicans biofilm regulatory network
Reinforcement amid genetic diversity in the Candida albicans biofilm regulatory network Open
Biofilms of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans include abundant long filaments called hyphae. These cells express hypha-associated genes, which specify diverse virulence functions including surface adhesins that ensure biofilm integrity.…
View article: Collaboration between Antagonistic Cell Type Regulators Governs Natural Variation in the Candida albicans Biofilm and Hyphal Gene Expression Network
Collaboration between Antagonistic Cell Type Regulators Governs Natural Variation in the Candida albicans Biofilm and Hyphal Gene Expression Network Open
Clinical isolates of all pathogens vary in the strength of traits linked to disease. In this study, we focused on variation in a pathogenicity trait of the fungal pathogen Candida albicans , biofilm formation.
View article: Oxidative Stress Causes Vacuolar Fragmentation in the Human Fungal Pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans
Oxidative Stress Causes Vacuolar Fragmentation in the Human Fungal Pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans Open
Vacuoles are dynamic cellular organelles, and their morphology is altered by various stimuli or stresses. Vacuoles play an important role in the physiology and virulence of many fungal pathogens. For example, a Cryptococcus neoformans muta…
View article: Environmentally contingent control of <i>Candida albicans</i> cell wall integrity by transcriptional regulator Cup9
Environmentally contingent control of <i>Candida albicans</i> cell wall integrity by transcriptional regulator Cup9 Open
The fungal pathogen Candida albicans is surrounded by a cell wall that is the target of caspofungin and other echinocandin antifungals. Candida albicans can grow in several morphological forms, notably budding yeast and hyphae. Yeast and h…
View article: A Cytoplasmic Heme Sensor Illuminates the Impacts of Mitochondrial and Vacuolar Functions and Oxidative Stress on Heme-Iron Homeostasis in Cryptococcus neoformans
A Cytoplasmic Heme Sensor Illuminates the Impacts of Mitochondrial and Vacuolar Functions and Oxidative Stress on Heme-Iron Homeostasis in Cryptococcus neoformans Open
Invasive fungal diseases are increasing in frequency, and new drug targets and antifungal drugs are needed to bolster therapy. The mechanisms by which pathogens obtain critical nutrients such as iron from heme during host colonization repr…
View article: Involvement of Mrs3/4 in Mitochondrial Iron Transport and Metabolism in <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>
Involvement of Mrs3/4 in Mitochondrial Iron Transport and Metabolism in <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> Open
Mitochondria play a vital role in iron uptake and metabolism in pathogenic fungi, and also influence virulence and drug tolerance. However, the regulation of iron transport within the mitochondria of Cryptococcus neoformans, a causative ag…
View article: A Transcriptional Regulatory Map of Iron Homeostasis Reveals a New Control Circuit for Capsule Formation in <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>
A Transcriptional Regulatory Map of Iron Homeostasis Reveals a New Control Circuit for Capsule Formation in <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> Open
To overcome host iron restriction, the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans uses several iron uptake mechanisms to cause disease. In this study....
View article: A LysR-Type Transcriptional Regulator LcrX Is Involved in Virulence, Biofilm Formation, Swimming Motility, Siderophore Secretion, and Growth in Sugar Sources in Xanthomonas axonopodis Pv. glycines
A LysR-Type Transcriptional Regulator LcrX Is Involved in Virulence, Biofilm Formation, Swimming Motility, Siderophore Secretion, and Growth in Sugar Sources in Xanthomonas axonopodis Pv. glycines Open
Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Xag) is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes bacterial pustule disease in soybean. To acclimate to new environments, the expression of genes in bacteria is controlled directly or indirectly by diverse …
View article: Erratum for Attarian et al., “The Monothiol Glutaredoxin Grx4 Regulates Iron Homeostasis and Virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans”
Erratum for Attarian et al., “The Monothiol Glutaredoxin Grx4 Regulates Iron Homeostasis and Virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans” Open
In Fig. 2B, we made a mistake in the assembly of the panels such that the images for the cells grown in LIM were used in both the panel labeled LIM and the panel labeled LIM ϩ 100 M heme.A new version of Fig. 2 has been prepared to show th…
View article: Antifungal Mechanism of Action of Lauryl Betaine Against Skin-Associated Fungus<i>Malassezia restricta</i>
Antifungal Mechanism of Action of Lauryl Betaine Against Skin-Associated Fungus<i>Malassezia restricta</i> Open
Betaine derivatives are considered major ingredients of shampoos and are commonly used as antistatic and viscosity-increasing agents. Several studies have also suggested that betaine derivatives can be used as antimicrobial agents. However…
View article: Antifungal Mechanism of Action of Lauryl Betaine Against Skin-Associated Fungus <i>Malassezia restricta</i>
Antifungal Mechanism of Action of Lauryl Betaine Against Skin-Associated Fungus <i>Malassezia restricta</i> Open
Betaine derivatives are considered major ingredients of shampoos and are commonly used as antistatic and viscosity-increasing agents. Several studies have also suggested that betaine derivatives can be used as antimicrobial agents. However…
View article: The Monothiol Glutaredoxin Grx4 Regulates Iron Homeostasis and Virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans
The Monothiol Glutaredoxin Grx4 Regulates Iron Homeostasis and Virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans Open
Fungal pathogens cause life-threatening diseases in humans, particularly in immunocompromised people, and there is a tremendous need for a greater understanding of pathogenesis to support new therapies. One prominent fungal pathogen, Crypt…
View article: Elucidating Functions of FleQ in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae by Comparative Proteomic and Phenotypic Analyses
Elucidating Functions of FleQ in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae by Comparative Proteomic and Phenotypic Analyses Open
To acclimate to different environments, gene expression has to be controlled using diverse transcriptional activators. FleQ activates σ54-dependent transcription initiation and regulates flagellar biosynthesis and other mechanisms in sever…
View article: The monothiol glutaredoxin Grx4 interacts with the Cryptococcus iron regulator Cirl and regulates iron homeostasis and virulence in the <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>
The monothiol glutaredoxin Grx4 interacts with the Cryptococcus iron regulator Cirl and regulates iron homeostasis and virulence in the <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> Open
The acquisition of iron and the maintenance of iron homeostasis are important aspects of the virulence in the pathogenic fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. In this study, we identified the monothiol glutaredoxin Grx4 as a binding partner of C…
View article: The mitochondrial ABC transporter Atm1 plays a role in iron metabolism and virulence in the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans
The mitochondrial ABC transporter Atm1 plays a role in iron metabolism and virulence in the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans Open
Iron–sulfur clusters (ISC) are indispensable cofactors for essential enzymes in various cellular processes. In the model yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the precursor of ISCs is exported from mitochondria via a mitochondrial ABC transporte…
View article: The ZIP family zinc transporters support the virulence of<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i>
The ZIP family zinc transporters support the virulence of<i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> Open
Zinc is an essential element in living organisms and a cofactor for various metalloproteins. To disseminate and survive, a pathogenic microbe must obtain zinc from the host, which is an environment with extremely limited zinc availability.…