Farah B. Ahmad
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View article: Multiwalled carbon nanotube/chitosan composite on quartz crystal microbalance for formaldehyde detection
Multiwalled carbon nanotube/chitosan composite on quartz crystal microbalance for formaldehyde detection Open
This study introduces multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)/chitosan (CS) composite as a potential new sensing material for quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) formaldehyde sensors. This sensing material selectively binds target molecules, c…
View article: Assessment of Heavy Metals and Microbial Load in Tomato Ketchup Used in Local Market of Southern Punjab
Assessment of Heavy Metals and Microbial Load in Tomato Ketchup Used in Local Market of Southern Punjab Open
Tomatoes are globally renowned as one of the most widely cultivated agricultural commodities, indispensable staples in people's everyday diet. Tomato ketchup is susceptible to several types of microbiological contamination that could poten…
View article: Quantification of Heavy Metals in Ready-To-Drink Milk Tea Samples Collected from Markets of Multan, Pakistan
Quantification of Heavy Metals in Ready-To-Drink Milk Tea Samples Collected from Markets of Multan, Pakistan Open
This study investigates the quantification of heavy metals in milk tea prepared in various restaurants in Multan, Pakistan, assessing the associated health risks and performing a proximate analysis of its key components. A total of 75 tea …
View article: Production, performance and emission of biodiesel from a mixture of castor oil and neem oil
Production, performance and emission of biodiesel from a mixture of castor oil and neem oil Open
The elimination of reserves of petroleum and their consequential environmental impact prompts the development of alternative fuels.
View article: Quality Assessment of Meat via Pomegranate (Punica Granatum L.) Waste-Enriched Chicken Feed
Quality Assessment of Meat via Pomegranate (Punica Granatum L.) Waste-Enriched Chicken Feed Open
This study aimed to assess the impact of dietary supplementation with pomegranate seed powder (PSP) on the growth performance and meat quality of broiler chickens while exploring its potential as an environmentally friendly feed additive. …
View article: Esterification and Transesterification Optimization Processes of Nonedible (Castor and Neem) Oils for the Production of Biodiesel
Esterification and Transesterification Optimization Processes of Nonedible (Castor and Neem) Oils for the Production of Biodiesel Open
In current times, the diminishing reserves of petroleum, increased energy consumption across various sectors, and their consequential environmental impact have become apparent. Consequently, it is necessary to develop sustainable and eco-f…
View article: Novel Rhizophus oryzae esterase-immobilized chitosan/carbon nanomaterials as sensing support for enzyme inhibition-based biosensor in the detection of organophosphorus pesticide residues on crops
Novel Rhizophus oryzae esterase-immobilized chitosan/carbon nanomaterials as sensing support for enzyme inhibition-based biosensor in the detection of organophosphorus pesticide residues on crops Open
The use of mobile biosensor would allow for cost-effective and rapid on-site detection of organophosphorus (OP) pesticide. Immobilizing enzyme on electrode would improve the sensitivity of biosensor due to the nature of its specific active…
View article: Continuous Flow Bead-Milling Impact on Sulfur Curing for Advanced Elastomeric Rubber Composites
Continuous Flow Bead-Milling Impact on Sulfur Curing for Advanced Elastomeric Rubber Composites Open
As an eco-friendly and technically feasible method for physical modification of materials, bead-milling has been extensively used in many industrial applications ranging from chemicals, nanomaterials, foods, and pharmaceuticals with impact…
View article: Microalgae cultivation: from CO<sub>2</sub> fixation to single-cell protein production
Microalgae cultivation: from CO<sub>2</sub> fixation to single-cell protein production Open
Bio-sequestration of CO 2 using microalgae to recycle CO 2 into valuable products such as single-cell proteins (SCP) is one of the most promising fields nowadays. Microalgae are able to use CO 2 as their carbon source and subsequently buil…
View article: Microalgae cultivation in flat panel photobioreactor as a method of carbon capture: A review
Microalgae cultivation in flat panel photobioreactor as a method of carbon capture: A review Open
Biomass is one of the renewable energy technologies that plays a crucial role in fulfilling our energy needs while helping to mitigate carbon release. Microalgae biomass is a valuable product that can be utilized for a variety of applicati…
View article: Biopolymer chitosan: Potential sources, extraction methods, and emerging applications
Biopolymer chitosan: Potential sources, extraction methods, and emerging applications Open
Food manufacturing generates a considerable amount of leftovers. Garbage disposal could cause environmental and ecological issues. Nevertheless, it is often possible to convert waste into high-value usable goods. Researchers have combed th…
View article: The production of microbial biodiesel from cellulose-derived fungal lipid via consolidated bioprocessing
The production of microbial biodiesel from cellulose-derived fungal lipid via consolidated bioprocessing Open
Lignocellulosic biomass from agro-industrial residues can potentially be used as carbon-rich carbohydrate feedstock for the conversion via oleaginous microorganisms into lipids, and subsequently microbial biodiesel. As multiple processes a…
View article: Fungal chitosan for potential application in piezoelectric energy harvesting: Review on experimental procedure of chitosan extraction
Fungal chitosan for potential application in piezoelectric energy harvesting: Review on experimental procedure of chitosan extraction Open
Fungal chitosan is one of the piezoelectric biomaterials that can be used in energy harvesting. Fungal biomass offers a sustainable source for chitosan, as an alternative to crustacean-based chitosan. However, the fungal chitosan yield is …
View article: Purification, Characterization and Kinetic Study of Alpha Naphthyl Acetate Esterase From Atta Flour
Purification, Characterization and Kinetic Study of Alpha Naphthyl Acetate Esterase From Atta Flour Open
As the most promising alternative to detect pesticides, enzyme-based electrochemical biosensors have gained considerable attention due to its operational simplicity and reliability. Alpha naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) enzyme, found in a…
View article: Kinetic Studies of Immobilized Wheat‐Based Alpha‐Naphthyl Acetate Esterase in the Detection of Organophosphate Pesticides
Kinetic Studies of Immobilized Wheat‐Based Alpha‐Naphthyl Acetate Esterase in the Detection of Organophosphate Pesticides Open
Organophosphate pesticides could inhibit the activity of alpha‐naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE), which could be the fundamental for biosensor applications. k ‐carrageenan was used for immobilization of ANAE extracted from wheat‐based sourc…
View article: Piezoelectric Performance of Microbial Chitosan Thin Film Derived from Aspergillus oryzae
Piezoelectric Performance of Microbial Chitosan Thin Film Derived from Aspergillus oryzae Open
In this study, chitosan thin film derived from Aspergillus oryzae cell walls was fabricated and characterised. First, the chitosan from the fungal biomass was extracted (0.18 g/g) with 52.25% of degree of deacetylation obtained through Fou…
View article: Chitosan Coating on Quartz Crystal Microbalance Gas Sensor for Isopropyl Alcohol and Acetone Detection
Chitosan Coating on Quartz Crystal Microbalance Gas Sensor for Isopropyl Alcohol and Acetone Detection Open
The development of acoustic wave sensors was driven by the presence of modern technology. Quartzcrystal microbalance (QCM) has excellent sensing capabilitiesand has wide range ofapplications. Selection of sensing layer is crucial to ensure…
View article: Growth kinetic of Rhizopus sp. immobilised on loofah sponge for whole-cell biocatalyst in different cultivation media
Growth kinetic of Rhizopus sp. immobilised on loofah sponge for whole-cell biocatalyst in different cultivation media Open
Immobilisation of filamentous fungi such as Rhizopus sp. onto biomass support particles (BSP) surface was studied as whole-cell biocatalyst. The function was to aid fermentation process. By using the microbial immobilisation process, the c…
View article: Sustainable production of furan-based oxygenated fuel additives from pentose-rich biomass residues
Sustainable production of furan-based oxygenated fuel additives from pentose-rich biomass residues Open
The emission of carbon monoxide, greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxides), hydrocarbon, and particulate matter can be reduced by applying oxygenated additives as a blend to combustible hydrocarbon fuels. However, conventional oxygenates, s…
View article: Biodiesel Production from Bioremediation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent via Oleaginous Fungi
Biodiesel Production from Bioremediation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent via Oleaginous Fungi Open
Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is a by‐product of palm oil production. POME can be considered as harmful waste without any treatment. POME, however, has the potential to be a source of low‐cost carbon for lipid production. This study aims t…
View article: Reinforcement of Polylactic acid (PLA) bio-composite with lignin from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) for 3D printing application
Reinforcement of Polylactic acid (PLA) bio-composite with lignin from oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) for 3D printing application Open
Polylactic acid (PLA) has been used as an additive material in 3D printing due to its toxic-free and environmentally friendly property. Lignin with complex and branched chemical structures had been used as a filler to improve the mechanica…
View article: Comparison of Ex-Situ and In-Situ Transesterification for the Production of Microbial Biodiesel
Comparison of Ex-Situ and In-Situ Transesterification for the Production of Microbial Biodiesel Open
Microbial biodiesel is converted from microbial lipids via transesterification process. Most microbial biodiesel studies are focusing on the use of microalgal lipids as feedstock. Apart from using microalgae for lipid biosynthesis, lipids …
View article: Microbial chitosan for the fabrication of piezoelectric thin film
Microbial chitosan for the fabrication of piezoelectric thin film Open
Chitin has proven to have a good mechanical and electrical properties to be used in making piezoelectric thin films. However, due to the restriction in solubilizing chitosan in many solvents, there is increasing interest in exploring the u…