Fernando Capelastegui
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View article: H5N1 2.3.4.4b: a review of mammalian adaptations and risk of pandemic emergence
H5N1 2.3.4.4b: a review of mammalian adaptations and risk of pandemic emergence Open
Avian influenza viruses can cause severe disease when they spill over into mammalian and human hosts. H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b has spread globally since 2021, decimating avian species, and has spilled over into mammalian species, causing sporad…
View article: “I definitely cannot afford to be feeling poorly if there’s no need to be”: a qualitative evaluation of antiviral uptake following suspected occupational exposure to avian influenza
“I definitely cannot afford to be feeling poorly if there’s no need to be”: a qualitative evaluation of antiviral uptake following suspected occupational exposure to avian influenza Open
Background Growing numbers of people have been potentially exposed to avian influenza (AI), as the United Kingdom has managed the largest and most sustained series outbreaks in recent years. Antiviral medication is recommended for exposed …
View article: Polymerase mutations underlie early adaptation of H5N1 influenza virus to dairy cattle and other mammals
Polymerase mutations underlie early adaptation of H5N1 influenza virus to dairy cattle and other mammals Open
In early 2024, an unprecedented outbreak of H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza was detected in dairy cattle in the USA 1 . As of mid-2025 the epidemic is ongoing, resulting in spillbacks into poultry, wild birds and other mammals incl…
View article: "I definitely cannot afford to be feeling poorly if there's no need to be": A qualitative evaluation of antiviral uptake following suspected occupational exposure to avian influenza
"I definitely cannot afford to be feeling poorly if there's no need to be": A qualitative evaluation of antiviral uptake following suspected occupational exposure to avian influenza Open
Background Growing numbers of people have been potentially exposed to avian influenza (AI), as the United Kingdom has managed the largest and most sustained series outbreaks in recent years. Antiviral medication is recommended for exposed …
View article: Pilot of asymptomatic swabbing of humans following exposures to confirmed avian influenza A(H5) in avian species in England, 2021/2022
Pilot of asymptomatic swabbing of humans following exposures to confirmed avian influenza A(H5) in avian species in England, 2021/2022 Open
A programme of asymptomatic swabbing was piloted in 2021/2022 in England to further understand the risk of human infection with avian influenza in exposed individuals and to evaluate this surveillance approach as a public health measure. T…
View article: Risk factors of HIV and variation in access to clean needles among people who inject drugs in Pakistan
Risk factors of HIV and variation in access to clean needles among people who inject drugs in Pakistan Open
We identified key risk factors for HIV among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Pakistan and explored access to free clean needles. Multivariable logistic regression was used to investigate associations between HIV prevalence and demographi…
View article: Comparative transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants and the impact of vaccination: national cohort study, England
Comparative transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants and the impact of vaccination: national cohort study, England Open
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) rapidly replaced Delta (B.1.617.2) to become dominant in England. Our study assessed differences in transmission between Omicron and Delta using t…
View article: Making the invisible visible: using national surveillance data to identify people experiencing homelessness in England with COVID-19
Making the invisible visible: using national surveillance data to identify people experiencing homelessness in England with COVID-19 Open
Persons experiencing homelessness (PEH) or rough sleeping are a vulnerable population, likely to be disproportionately affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The impact of COVID-19 infection on this population is yet…
View article: Assessment of mortality and hospital admissions associated with confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant: a matched cohort and time-to-event analysis, England, October to December 2020
Assessment of mortality and hospital admissions associated with confirmed infection with SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant: a matched cohort and time-to-event analysis, England, October to December 2020 Open
Background The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Alpha variant in England coincided with a rapid increase in the number of PCR-confirmed COVID-19 cases in areas where the variant was concentrated. Aim Our aim was to assess whether infection with…
View article: Comparative transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants and the impact of vaccination: national cohort study, England
Comparative transmission of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) and Delta (B.1.617.2) variants and the impact of vaccination: national cohort study, England Open
Summary Background The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) has rapidly replaced the Delta variant (B.1.617.2) to become dominant in England. This epidemiological study assessed differences in transmissibility between the Omicron and Del…