Francis Loth
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View article: Cardiac-induced brain tissue motion in Chiari Malformation type 1 subjects and its relationship to symptomatology, morphometrics, and surgical outcomes
Cardiac-induced brain tissue motion in Chiari Malformation type 1 subjects and its relationship to symptomatology, morphometrics, and surgical outcomes Open
While displacement increases with anatomical crowding and normalizes after surgery, it does not predict clinical symptoms or surgical outcomes. Future work should combine multiple biomechanical markers and detailed symptom scales in an eff…
View article: Prospective, Longitudinal Study of Clinical Outcome and Morphometric Posterior Fossa Changes after Craniocervical Decompression for Symptomatic Chiari I Malformation
Prospective, Longitudinal Study of Clinical Outcome and Morphometric Posterior Fossa Changes after Craniocervical Decompression for Symptomatic Chiari I Malformation Open
Most changes in MR imaging morphometrics and quality of life measures occurred within the first year after the operation. A 1-year follow-up period after Chiari I malformation surgery is usually sufficient for evaluating surgical efficacy …
View article: The Relationship Between Imbalance Symptom and Cardiac Pulsation Induced Mechanical Strain in the Brainstem and Cerebellum for Chiari Malformation Type I
The Relationship Between Imbalance Symptom and Cardiac Pulsation Induced Mechanical Strain in the Brainstem and Cerebellum for Chiari Malformation Type I Open
Chiari malformation Type I (CMI) is known to have an altered biomechanical environment for the brainstem and cerebellum; however, it is unclear whether these altered biomechanics play a role in the development of CMI symptoms. We hypothesi…
View article: Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow and Brain Motion in Chiari I Malformation: Past, Present, and Future
Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow and Brain Motion in Chiari I Malformation: Past, Present, and Future Open
Cranio‐spinal volume and pressure changes associated with the cardiac‐cycle and respiration are altered in Chiari I malformation (CMI) due to obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow at the foramen magnum. With the introduction of mot…
View article: Modifying the ICP pulse wave: effects on parenchymal blood flow pulsatility
Modifying the ICP pulse wave: effects on parenchymal blood flow pulsatility Open
This study demonstrated that external modification of ICP pulsatility, using a cardiac-gated inflatable device implanted epidurally in canines, alters brain tissue blood flow pulsatility. Specifically, decreasing systolic ICP increased blo…
View article: The importance of precise plane selection for female adult Chiari Type I malformation midsagittal morphometrics
The importance of precise plane selection for female adult Chiari Type I malformation midsagittal morphometrics Open
Introduction Morphometric assessment of Chiari malformation type I (CMI) is typically performed on a midsagittal MRI. However, errors arising from an imprecise selection of the midsagittal plane are unknown. We define absolute parasagittal…
View article: A new hypothesis for the pathophysiology of symptomatic adult Chiari malformation Type I
A new hypothesis for the pathophysiology of symptomatic adult Chiari malformation Type I Open
Chiari malformation Type I (CMI) is characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum. The pathophysiology of CMI is not well elucidated; however, the prevailing theory focuses on the underdevelopment of the …
View article: Diagnostic utility of parasagittal measurements of tonsillar herniation in Chiari I malformation
Diagnostic utility of parasagittal measurements of tonsillar herniation in Chiari I malformation Open
Background and purpose Although the cerebellar tonsils are parasagittal structures, the extent of tonsillar herniation (ETH) in Chiari I malformation (CMI) is currently measured in the midsagittal plane. We measured the ETH of each cerebel…
View article: Cerebellar and Brainstem Displacement Measured with DENSE MRI in Chiari Malformation Following Posterior Fossa Decompression Surgery
Cerebellar and Brainstem Displacement Measured with DENSE MRI in Chiari Malformation Following Posterior Fossa Decompression Surgery Open
Background Posterior fossa decompression (PFD) surgery is a treatment for Chiari malformation type I (CMI). The goals of surgery are to reduce cerebellar tonsillar crowding and restore posterior cerebral spinal fluid flow, but regional tis…
View article: Imaging and health metrics in Incidental Cerebellar Tonsillar Ectopia: Findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD)
Imaging and health metrics in Incidental Cerebellar Tonsillar Ectopia: Findings from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (ABCD) Open
Purpose. Incidental cerebellar tonsillar ectopia (ICTE) that meets the radiographic criterion for Chiari malformation type I (CMI) is an increasingly common finding in the clinical setting, but its significance is unclear. The present stud…
View article: Functional connectivity abnormalities in Type I Chiari: associations with cognition and pain
Functional connectivity abnormalities in Type I Chiari: associations with cognition and pain Open
There is initial evidence of microstructural abnormalities in the fibre-tract pathways of the cerebellum and cerebrum of individuals diagnosed with Type I Chiari malformation. However, it is unclear whether abnormal white matter architectu…
View article: Rare functional genetic variants in COL7A1, COL6A5, COL1A2 and COL5A2 frequently occur in Chiari Malformation Type 1
Rare functional genetic variants in COL7A1, COL6A5, COL1A2 and COL5A2 frequently occur in Chiari Malformation Type 1 Open
Chiari Malformation Type 1 (CM-1) is characterized by herniation of the cerebellar tonsils below the foramen magnum and the presence of headaches and other neurologic symptoms. Cranial bone constriction is suspected to be the most common b…
View article: Corrigendum to: Evidence of Neural Microstructure Abnormalities in Type I Chiari Malformation: Associations among Fiber Tract Integrity, Pain, and Cognitive Dysfunction
Corrigendum to: Evidence of Neural Microstructure Abnormalities in Type I Chiari Malformation: Associations among Fiber Tract Integrity, Pain, and Cognitive Dysfunction Open
previously reported, the main side effects during O 3 T were slight intestinal bloating for some hours after each session and occasional and moderate discomfort secondary to rectal tube placement [1,4].Oxidative stress, inflammation, and i…
View article: In Vitro Evaluation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Velocity Measurement Agreement, Reliability, and Reproducibility in Type I Chiari Malformation Using 2D Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging and 4D Flow Imaging
In Vitro Evaluation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Velocity Measurement Agreement, Reliability, and Reproducibility in Type I Chiari Malformation Using 2D Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging and 4D Flow Imaging Open
Background: Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging, PC MRI, is a valuable tool allowing for non-invasive quantification of CSF dynamics, but has lacked adoption in clinical practice for Chiari malformation diagnostics. To improve these …
View article: Association Between Resistance to Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Near the Foramen Magnum and Cough-Associated Headache in Adult Chiari Malformation Type I
Association Between Resistance to Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Near the Foramen Magnum and Cough-Associated Headache in Adult Chiari Malformation Type I Open
Cough-associated headaches (CAHs) are thought to be distinctive for Chiari malformation type I (CMI) patients and have been shown to be related to the motion of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) near the foramen magnum (FM). We used computational …
View article: In Vitro Evaluation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Velocity Measurement Agreement, Reliability, and Reproducibility in Type I Chiari Malformation Using 2D Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging and 4D Flow Imaging
In Vitro Evaluation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Velocity Measurement Agreement, Reliability, and Reproducibility in Type I Chiari Malformation Using 2D Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging and 4D Flow Imaging Open
Background Phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging, PC MRI, is a valuable tool allowing for non-invasive quantification of CSF dynamics, but has lacked adoption in clinical practice for Chiari malformation diagnostics. To improve these d…
View article: Accuracy of cardiac‐induced brain motion measurement using displacement‐encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): A phantom study
Accuracy of cardiac‐induced brain motion measurement using displacement‐encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): A phantom study Open
Purpose The goal of this study was to determine the accuracy of displacement‐encoding with stimulated echoes (DENSE) MRI in a tissue motion phantom with displacements representative of those observed in human brain tissue. Methods The phan…
View article: Evaluating the Effects of Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Content on the Performance of Differential Pressure Valves and Antisiphon Devices Using a Novel Benchtop Shunting Model
Evaluating the Effects of Cerebrospinal Fluid Protein Content on the Performance of Differential Pressure Valves and Antisiphon Devices Using a Novel Benchtop Shunting Model Open
BACKGROUND Hydrocephalus is managed by surgically implanting flow-diversion technologies such as differential pressure valves and antisiphoning devices; however, such hardware is prone to failure. Extensive research has tested them in flow…
View article: Epidural Oscillating Cardiac-Gated Intracranial Implant Modulates Cerebral Blood Flow
Epidural Oscillating Cardiac-Gated Intracranial Implant Modulates Cerebral Blood Flow Open
Background We have previously reported a method and device capable of manipulating ICP pulsatility while minimally effecting mean ICP. Objective To test the hypothesis that different modulations of the intracranial pressure (ICP) pulse wav…
View article: Evidence of Neural Microstructure Abnormalities in Type I Chiari Malformation: Associations Among Fiber Tract Integrity, Pain, and Cognitive Dysfunction
Evidence of Neural Microstructure Abnormalities in Type I Chiari Malformation: Associations Among Fiber Tract Integrity, Pain, and Cognitive Dysfunction Open
Background Previous case–control investigations of type I Chiari malformation (CMI) have reported cognitive deficits and microstructural white matter abnormalities, as measured by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). CMI is also typically assoc…
View article: Evidence for sex differences in morphological abnormalities in type I Chiari malformation
Evidence for sex differences in morphological abnormalities in type I Chiari malformation Open
Background and purpose Relatively little is known about the influence of individual difference variables on the presentation of macro-level brain morphology in type I Chiari malformation (CMI). The goal of the present study is to examine h…
View article: Dilation of tricuspid valve annulus immediately after rupture of chordae tendineae in ex-vivo porcine hearts
Dilation of tricuspid valve annulus immediately after rupture of chordae tendineae in ex-vivo porcine hearts Open
In our ex-vivo study, we showed for the first time that the TV annulus dilates immediately after chordae rupture. Consequently, secondary TV regurgitation may be developed because of such changes in the annulus geometry. In addition, the T…