Frank S. Bates
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View article: Synthetic bottlebrush block copolymer prevents disease onset in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Synthetic bottlebrush block copolymer prevents disease onset in Duchenne muscular dystrophy Open
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal genetic disease of progressive muscle deterioration with no cure. DMD treatment requires a body-wide approach to target all diseased striated muscles: limb, respiratory, and heart. To address th…
View article: How Does the Rate of Chain Exchange Relate to Stress Relaxation in Triblock Copolymer Networks?
How Does the Rate of Chain Exchange Relate to Stress Relaxation in Triblock Copolymer Networks? Open
The relationship between macroscopic stress relaxation and molecular-level chain exchange in triblock copolymer micelles has been explored using rheology and time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering (TR-SANS), marking the first measure…
View article: A Pseudo‐Surfactant Chemical Permeation Enhancer to Treat Otitis Media via Sustained Transtympanic Delivery of Antibiotics
A Pseudo‐Surfactant Chemical Permeation Enhancer to Treat Otitis Media via Sustained Transtympanic Delivery of Antibiotics Open
Chemical permeation enhancers (CPEs) represent a prevalent and safe strategy to enable noninvasive drug delivery across skin‐like biological barriers such as the tympanic membrane (TM). While most existing CPEs interact strongly with the l…
View article: Particle Dynamics in a Diblock-Copolymer-Based Dodecagonal Quasicrystal and Its Periodic Approximant by X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy
Particle Dynamics in a Diblock-Copolymer-Based Dodecagonal Quasicrystal and Its Periodic Approximant by X-Ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy Open
Temperature-dependent x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) measurements are reported for a binary diblock-copolymer blend that self-assembles into an aperiodic dodecagonal quasicrystal and a periodic Frank-Kasper σ phase approximan…
View article: Polyethylene Blends for Improved Oxygen Barrier: Processing-Dependent Microstructure and Gas Permeability
Polyethylene Blends for Improved Oxygen Barrier: Processing-Dependent Microstructure and Gas Permeability Open
Here this work demonstrates a greater than expected enhancement of oxygen barrier properties in linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)-based materials by blending LLDPE with high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The films made by melt pressin…
View article: Single gyroid in H-shaped block copolymers
Single gyroid in H-shaped block copolymers Open
The beautiful colors we observe in nature, such as butterfly wing scales, reveal how nature precisely controls the propagation of light by creating photonic crystals, such as the single gyroid network. Recreating these chiral networks in s…
View article: Discovery of Kinetic Trapping of Poloxamers inside Liposomes via Thermal Treatment
Discovery of Kinetic Trapping of Poloxamers inside Liposomes via Thermal Treatment Open
Poloxamers, a class of biocompatible, commercially available amphiphilic block polymers (ABPs) comprising poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) blocks, interact with phospholipid bilayers, resulting in altered mechanic…
View article: Effect of Chain Architecture on the Structure, Dynamics, and Rheology of Thermoresponsive Poloxamer Hydrogels and Associated Blends
Effect of Chain Architecture on the Structure, Dynamics, and Rheology of Thermoresponsive Poloxamer Hydrogels and Associated Blends Open
Poloxamers, ABA triblock polymers composed of a poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) midblock (B) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) endblocks (A), are widely studied for biomedical applications. Aqueous poloxamer 407 (P407; also referred to as F127) u…
View article: Threading-the-Needle: Compatibilization of HDPE/ <i>i</i> PP blends with butadiene-derived polyolefin block copolymers
Threading-the-Needle: Compatibilization of HDPE/ <i>i</i> PP blends with butadiene-derived polyolefin block copolymers Open
Management of the plastic industry is a momentous challenge, one that pits enormous societal benefits against an accumulating reservoir of nearly indestructible waste. A promising strategy for recycling polyethylene (PE) and isotactic poly…
View article: Consequences of poly(ethylene oxide) and poloxamer P188 on transcription in healthy and stressed myoblasts
Consequences of poly(ethylene oxide) and poloxamer P188 on transcription in healthy and stressed myoblasts Open
Poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poloxamers, a class of poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO) triblock copolymers, have many personal and medical care applications, including the stabilization of s…
View article: Engineering the Structure and Rheological Properties of P407 Hydrogels via Reverse Poloxamer Addition
Engineering the Structure and Rheological Properties of P407 Hydrogels via Reverse Poloxamer Addition Open
Aqueous solutions of poloxamer 407 (P407), a commercially available and nontoxic ABA triblock polymer (PEO-PPO-PEO), undergo a solution-to-gel transition with increasing temperature and are promising candidates for injectable therapeutics.…
View article: Layered zeolite materials and methods related thereto
Layered zeolite materials and methods related thereto Open
A novel oxide material (MIN-I) comprising YO.sub.2; and X.sub.2O.sub.3, wherein Y is a tetravalent element and X is a trivalent element, wherein X/Y=O or Y/X=30 to 100 is provided. Surprisingly, MIN-I can be reversibly deswollen. MIN-I can…
View article: Effect of poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] side chain length on the brush swelling behavior in A/B/A–B ternary blends with polystyrene
Effect of poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] side chain length on the brush swelling behavior in A/B/A–B ternary blends with polystyrene Open
Three families of ternary blends composed of poly[oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] (POEGMA n )/polystyrene (PS)/POEGMA n –PS were prepared to study the effect of side chain length on brush swelling and phase behavior.
View article: Improved Polypropylene Thermoformability through Polyethylene Layering
Improved Polypropylene Thermoformability through Polyethylene Layering Open
Due to its low cost, stiffness, and recyclability, isotactic polypropylene (iPP) is an excellent candidate for packaging applications. However, iPP is notoriously difficult to thermoform due to its low melt strength. The addition of just 1…
View article: Stabilizing a Double Gyroid Network Phase with 2 nm Feature Size by Blending of Lamellar and Cylindrical Forming Block Oligomers
Stabilizing a Double Gyroid Network Phase with 2 nm Feature Size by Blending of Lamellar and Cylindrical Forming Block Oligomers Open
Molecular dynamics simulations are used to study binary blends of an AB-type diblock and an AB2-type miktoarm triblock amphiphiles (also known as high-χ block oligomers) consisting of sugar-based (A) and hydrocarbon (B) blocks. In their pu…
View article: Self-Assembly of Partially Charged Diblock Copolymer-Homopolymer Ternary Blends
Self-Assembly of Partially Charged Diblock Copolymer-Homopolymer Ternary Blends Open
Ternary blends comprising of a diblock copolymer and the corresponding homopolymers provide ready access to a variety of morphologies, but the impact of charge on their phase behavior has not been studied extensively. Here, three partially…
View article: Concentration Threshold for Membrane Protection by PEO–PPO Block Copolymers with Variable Molecular Architectures
Concentration Threshold for Membrane Protection by PEO–PPO Block Copolymers with Variable Molecular Architectures Open
Poloxamer 188, a poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO) triblock copolymer, protects cell membranes in several injury models. However, the nature of the copolymer/membrane interaction and the mech…
View article: Nondestructive Photo-Cross-Linking of Microphase-Separated Diblock Polymers through Coumarin Dimerization
Nondestructive Photo-Cross-Linking of Microphase-Separated Diblock Polymers through Coumarin Dimerization Open
The effect of long-wavelength ultraviolet photo-cross-linking on microphase-separated coumarin-containing block polymers was studied by photorheometry and small-angle X-ray scattering. This model system consisted of three photo-cross-linka…
View article: Synthesis and Micellization of Bottlebrush Poloxamers
Synthesis and Micellization of Bottlebrush Poloxamers Open
Bottlebrush polymers are characterized by an expansive parameter space, including graft length and spacing along the backbone, and these features impact various structural and physical properties such as molecular diffusion and bulk viscos…
View article: Influence of Charge Fraction on the Phase Behavior of Symmetric Single-Ion Conducting Diblock Copolymers
Influence of Charge Fraction on the Phase Behavior of Symmetric Single-Ion Conducting Diblock Copolymers Open
A series of symmetric poly[(oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-co-oligo(ethylene glycol) propyl sodium sulfonate methacrylate)]-block-polystyrene (PsOEGMA-PS) diblock copolymers were synthesized as a model system to probe the…
View article: Phase Behavior of Salt-Doped A/B/AB Ternary Polymer Blends: The Role of Homopolymer Distribution
Phase Behavior of Salt-Doped A/B/AB Ternary Polymer Blends: The Role of Homopolymer Distribution Open
Salt-doped A/B/AB ternary polymer blends demonstrate a plethora of nanostructured morphologies tunable by the composition of homopolymers (A and B) and the corresponding diblock copolymer (AB). Here we report a complete phase diagram of li…
View article: Reevaluation of Poly(ethylene-<i>alt</i>-propylene)-<i>block</i>-Polydimethylsiloxane Phase Behavior Uncovers Topological Close-Packing and Epitaxial Quasicrystal Growth
Reevaluation of Poly(ethylene-<i>alt</i>-propylene)-<i>block</i>-Polydimethylsiloxane Phase Behavior Uncovers Topological Close-Packing and Epitaxial Quasicrystal Growth Open
Reanalysis of an asymmetric poly(ethylene-alt-propylene)-block-polydimethylsiloxane (PEP-PDMS) diblock copolymer first investigated in 1999 has revealed a rich phase behavior including a dodecagonal quasicrystal (DDQC), a Frank-Kasper σ ph…
View article: Mechanical and Structural Consequences of Associative Dynamic Cross-Linking in Acrylic Diblock Copolymers
Mechanical and Structural Consequences of Associative Dynamic Cross-Linking in Acrylic Diblock Copolymers Open
The\ncomposition of low-Tg n-butylacrylate-block-(acetoxyaceto)ethyl acrylate\nblock polymers is investigated as a strategy to tune the properties\nof dynamically cross-linked vinylogous urethane vitrimers. As the\nproportion of the cross…
View article: Mechanical and structural consequences of associative dynamic cross-linking in acrylic diblock copolymers
Mechanical and structural consequences of associative dynamic cross-linking in acrylic diblock copolymers Open
The composition of low-T g n -butylacrylate- block -(acetoxyaceto)ethyl acrylate block polymers is investigated as a strategy to tune the properties of dynamically cross-linked vinylogous urethane vitrimers. As the proportion of the cross-…
View article: Effects of a Layered Morphology on Drip Suppression in Burning Polymers
Effects of a Layered Morphology on Drip Suppression in Burning Polymers Open
Fire safety in polymers is critically important with products such as textiles and consumer goods, as well as materials used in construction, aerospace, transportation, and furniture. Additives used as anti-dripping and flame-retardant age…
View article: Bottlebrush Polymer Excipients Enhance Drug Solubility: Influence of End-Group Hydrophilicity and Thermoresponsiveness
Bottlebrush Polymer Excipients Enhance Drug Solubility: Influence of End-Group Hydrophilicity and Thermoresponsiveness Open
Bottlebrush polymers have great potential as vehicles to noncovalently sequester, stabilize, and deliver hydrophobic small molecule actives. To this end, we synthesized a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-stat-N,N-dimethylacrylamide) bottlebrush …
View article: Phase Behavior of Diblock Copolymer–Homopolymer Ternary Blends with a Compositionally Asymmetric Diblock Copolymer
Phase Behavior of Diblock Copolymer–Homopolymer Ternary Blends with a Compositionally Asymmetric Diblock Copolymer Open
The phase behavior of ternary polymer blends comprising poly(cyclohexylethylene) (C) and polyethylene (E) homopolymers and a compositionally asymmetric CE diblock copolymer with fC = 0.67 was investigated, where fC is the volume fraction o…
View article: Mechanical and structural consequences of associative dynamic cross-linking in acrylic diblock copolymers
Mechanical and structural consequences of associative dynamic cross-linking in acrylic diblock copolymers Open
The composition of low-T g n -butylacrylate- block -(acetoxyaceto)ethyl acrylate block polymers is investigated as a strategy to tune the properties of dynamically cross-linked vinylogous urethane vitrimers. As the proportion of the cross-…