Fred Lühder
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View article: Glucocorticoids Induce an Opposite Metabolic Switch in Human Monocytes Contingent upon Their Polarization
Glucocorticoids Induce an Opposite Metabolic Switch in Human Monocytes Contingent upon Their Polarization Open
Background: Monocytes can commit to different phenotypes associated with specific features required in inflammation and homeostasis. Classical and alternative activation are two extremes of monocyte polarization and are both influenced by …
View article: Acute neuronal cell death and neuroinflammation per se do not trigger secondary autoimmune encephalitis in mice
Acute neuronal cell death and neuroinflammation per se do not trigger secondary autoimmune encephalitis in mice Open
Patients with virus encephalitis, such as herpes simplex encephalitis and Japanese encephalitis frequently relapse with autoimmune encephalitides associated with neural autoantibodies. It has been hypothesized that the infection-induced da…
View article: Acute neuronal cell death and neuroinflammation per se do not trigger secondary autoimmune encephalitis
Acute neuronal cell death and neuroinflammation per se do not trigger secondary autoimmune encephalitis Open
Patients with virus encephalitis, such as herpes simplex encephalitis and Japanese encephalitis frequently relapse with autoimmune encephalitides associated with neural autoantibodies. It has been hypothesized that the infection-induced da…
View article: Tolerability and first hints for potential efficacy of motor‐cognitive training under inspiratory hypoxia in health and neuropsychiatric disorders: A translational viewpoint
Tolerability and first hints for potential efficacy of motor‐cognitive training under inspiratory hypoxia in health and neuropsychiatric disorders: A translational viewpoint Open
Hypoxia is more and more perceived as pivotal physiological driving force, allowing cells in the brain and elsewhere to acclimate to lowered oxygen (O 2 ), and abridged metabolism. The mediating transcription program is induced by inspirat…
View article: In Vivo and In Vitro Evidence for an Interplay between the Glucocorticoid Receptor and the Vitamin D Receptor Signaling
In Vivo and In Vitro Evidence for an Interplay between the Glucocorticoid Receptor and the Vitamin D Receptor Signaling Open
Our previous work demonstrated that vitamin D (VitD) reduces experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) disease severity in wild-type (WT) but not in T cell-specific glucocorticoid (GC) receptor (GR)-deficient (GRlck) mice. This study…
View article: Ovalbumin-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells contribute to different susceptibility for Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus persistence
Ovalbumin-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells contribute to different susceptibility for Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus persistence Open
Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) is the causative agent of TMEV-induced demyelinating disease (TMEV-IDD); a well-established animal model for the chronic progressive form of human multiple sclerosis (MS). In susceptible mice…
View article: CD28-signaling can be partially compensated in CD28-knockout mice but is essential for virus elimination in a murine model of multiple sclerosis
CD28-signaling can be partially compensated in CD28-knockout mice but is essential for virus elimination in a murine model of multiple sclerosis Open
The intracerebral infection of mice with Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) represents a well-established animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS). Because CD28 is the main co-stimulatory molecule for the activation of T cells…
View article: Lack of STAT1 co-operative DNA binding protects against adverse cardiac remodelling in acute myocardial infarction
Lack of STAT1 co-operative DNA binding protects against adverse cardiac remodelling in acute myocardial infarction Open
In this study, we addressed the functional significance of co-operative DNA binding of the cytokine-driven transcription factor STAT1 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 1) in an experimental murine model of acute myocardial …
View article: T Cell Energy Metabolism Is a Target of Glucocorticoids in Mice, Healthy Humans, and MS Patients
T Cell Energy Metabolism Is a Target of Glucocorticoids in Mice, Healthy Humans, and MS Patients Open
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are used to treat inflammatory disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS) by exerting prominent activities in T cells including apoptosis induction and suppression of cytokine production. However, little is known about…
View article: Factors predisposing to humoral autoimmunity against brain-antigens in health and disease: Analysis of 49 autoantibodies in over 7000 subjects
Factors predisposing to humoral autoimmunity against brain-antigens in health and disease: Analysis of 49 autoantibodies in over 7000 subjects Open
Humoral autoimmunity against brain-antigens, frequent across health and disease, is predicted by age, gender, genetic predisposition, and brain injury. Seroprevalence, immunoglobulin class, or titers do not predict disease.
View article: The Role of Glucocorticoids in Inflammatory Diseases
The Role of Glucocorticoids in Inflammatory Diseases Open
For more than 70 years, glucocorticoids (GCs) have been a powerful and affordable treatment option for inflammatory diseases. However, their benefits do not come without a cost, since GCs also cause side effects. Therefore, strong efforts …
View article: Tamoxifen Application Is Associated with Transiently Increased Loss of Hippocampal Neurons following Virus Infection
Tamoxifen Application Is Associated with Transiently Increased Loss of Hippocampal Neurons following Virus Infection Open
Tamoxifen is frequently used in murine knockout systems with CreER/LoxP. Besides possible neuroprotective effects, tamoxifen is described as having a negative impact on adult neurogenesis. The present study investigated the effect of a hig…
View article: Double‐edged effects of tamoxifen‐in‐oil‐gavage on an infectious murine model for multiple sclerosis
Double‐edged effects of tamoxifen‐in‐oil‐gavage on an infectious murine model for multiple sclerosis Open
Tamoxifen gavage is a commonly used method to induce genetic modifications in cre‐loxP systems. As a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), the compound is known to have immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties in non‐infecti…
View article: Protection of Antigen-Primed Effector T Cells From Glucocorticoid-Induced Apoptosis in Cell Culture and in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis
Protection of Antigen-Primed Effector T Cells From Glucocorticoid-Induced Apoptosis in Cell Culture and in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis Open
Induction of T cell apoptosis constitutes a major mechanism by which therapeutically administered glucocorticoids (GCs) suppress inflammation and associated clinical symptoms, for instance in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients suffering from…
View article: Interleukin-1 promotes autoimmune neuroinflammation by suppressing endothelial heme oxygenase-1 at the blood–brain barrier
Interleukin-1 promotes autoimmune neuroinflammation by suppressing endothelial heme oxygenase-1 at the blood–brain barrier Open
The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 1 (IL-1) is crucially involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Herein, we studied the role of IL-1 signaling in b…
View article: Multiple inducers and novel roles of autoantibodies against the obligatory NMDAR subunit NR1: a translational study from chronic life stress to brain injury
Multiple inducers and novel roles of autoantibodies against the obligatory NMDAR subunit NR1: a translational study from chronic life stress to brain injury Open
Circulating autoantibodies (AB) of different immunoglobulin classes (IgM, IgA, and IgG), directed against the obligatory N-methyl- d -aspartate-receptor subunit NR1 (NMDAR1-AB), belong to the mammalian autoimmune repertoire, and appear wit…
View article: Functional relevance of the multi-drug transporter abcg2 on teriflunomide therapy in an animal model of multiple sclerosis
Functional relevance of the multi-drug transporter abcg2 on teriflunomide therapy in an animal model of multiple sclerosis Open
Background The multi-drug resistance transporter ABCG2, a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family, mediates the efflux of different immunotherapeutics used in multiple sclerosis (MS), e.g., teriflunomide (teri), cladrib…
View article: Glucocorticoid Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis Patients Induces Anti-inflammatory Polarization and Increased Chemotaxis of Monocytes
Glucocorticoid Therapy of Multiple Sclerosis Patients Induces Anti-inflammatory Polarization and Increased Chemotaxis of Monocytes Open
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by the infiltration of mononuclear cells into the CNS and a subsequent inflammation of the brain. Monocytes are implicated in disease patho…
View article: Vitamin D increases glucocorticoid efficacy via inhibition of mTORC1 in experimental models of multiple sclerosis
Vitamin D increases glucocorticoid efficacy via inhibition of mTORC1 in experimental models of multiple sclerosis Open
The limited efficacy of glucocorticoids (GCs) during therapy of acute relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS) leads to long-term disability. We investigated the potential of vitamin D (VD) to enhance GC efficacy and the mechanisms underlying t…
View article: During acute graft versus host disease CD28 deletion in donor CD8<sup>+</sup>, but not CD4<sup>+</sup>, T cells maintain antileukemia responses in mice
During acute graft versus host disease CD28 deletion in donor CD8<sup>+</sup>, but not CD4<sup>+</sup>, T cells maintain antileukemia responses in mice Open
Donor lymphocyte infusions together with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are routinely used as second‐line treatment for hematological malignancies. Mature T cells in the graft crucially mediate a graft versus leukemia (…
View article: CD28 Costimulation of T Helper 1 Cells Enhances Cytokine Release In Vivo
CD28 Costimulation of T Helper 1 Cells Enhances Cytokine Release In Vivo Open
Compared to naive T cells, differentiated T cells are thought to be less dependent on CD28 costimulation for full activation. To revisit the role of CD28 costimulation in mouse T cell recall responses, we adoptively transferred in vitro ge…
View article: Impaired resolution of DSS-induced colitis in mice lacking the glucocorticoid receptor in myeloid cells
Impaired resolution of DSS-induced colitis in mice lacking the glucocorticoid receptor in myeloid cells Open
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a highly prevalent intestinal disorder for which no cure exists. Currently, the standard first-line treatment of IBD consists of systemic glucocorticoid (GC) application, even though therapy can be compl…
View article: Deletion of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor in Myeloid Cells Attenuates Central Nervous System Autoimmunity
Deletion of the Mineralocorticoid Receptor in Myeloid Cells Attenuates Central Nervous System Autoimmunity Open
Myeloid cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Monocytes, macrophages, and microglia can adopt two distinct phenotypes, with M1-pola…
View article: Novel Drug Delivery Systems Tailored for Improved Administration of Glucocorticoids
Novel Drug Delivery Systems Tailored for Improved Administration of Glucocorticoids Open
Glucocorticoids (GC) are one of the most popular and versatile classes of drugs available to treat chronic inflammation and cancer, but side effects and resistance constrain their use. To overcome these hurdles, which are often related to …