G. Caleb Alexander
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Weight Changes From Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonist Use and Discontinuation: A Retrospective Cohort Study Open
Objective This study aimed to quantify the effect of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1s) on weight loss and weight gain following GLP‐1 discontinuation. Methods This retrospective cohort study using electronic health records…
Comparative safety and effectiveness of apixaban and rivaroxaban for treatment of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism: A retrospective cohort study Open
Background While apixaban has demonstrated advantages over alternative direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in some settings, its comparative safety and effectiveness in cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) remain uncertain. Curren…
Research and development investments for biologics independently developed by US biotechnology startups, 2017–2023 Open
Introduction Despite policy interest in pharmaceutical innovation, little is known about the investment needed for venture capital–backed startups to develop innovative biologics, a growing segment of the pharmaceutical marketplace. Method…
US Public Health Gains from Improved Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia: A Simulation Study of NHANES Adults Treated to Guideline-Directed Therapy Open
Importance Hypercholesterolemia is widely undertreated. Objective To project anticipated improvements in treatment and outcomes under full implementation of US and European pharmacologic treatment recommendations. Design, Setting, and Part…
Assessing US Food and Drug Administration Guidance Practices in Drug Development Open
This Viewpoint discusses the US Food and Drug Administration’s history of guidance documents, trends in publishing practices, and suggested reforms for further improvements.
View article: Interventions to improve patient safety during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review
Interventions to improve patient safety during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review Open
Objective To summarise the literature on healthcare interventions to reduce harm to patients caused by the COVID-19 pandemic across six domains: medication safety, diagnostic safety, surgical safety, healthcare-associated infections, press…
View article: Effect of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) on hospitalization among adults with COVID-19: An electronic health record-based target trial emulation from N3C.
Effect of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) on hospitalization among adults with COVID-19: An electronic health record-based target trial emulation from N3C. Open
BACKGROUND: Nirmatrelvir with ritonavir (Paxlovid) is indicated for patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) who are at risk for progression to severe disease due to the presence of one or more risk factors. Millions of treatment …
View article: Effect of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) on hospitalization among adults with COVID-19: An electronic health record-based target trial emulation from N3C
Effect of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) on hospitalization among adults with COVID-19: An electronic health record-based target trial emulation from N3C Open
Background Nirmatrelvir with ritonavir (Paxlovid) is indicated for patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) who are at risk for progression to severe disease due to the presence of one or more risk factors. Millions of treatment c…
An audit of the impact of the introduction of a commercial artificial intelligence-driven auto-contouring tool into a radiotherapy department Open
Objectives To audit prospectively the accuracy, time saving, and utility of a commercial artificial intelligence auto-contouring tool (AIAC). To assess the reallocation of time released by AIAC. Methods We audited the perceived usefulness …
View article: Hospital-Level Variation in COVID-19 Treatment Among Hospitalized Adults in the United States
Hospital-Level Variation in COVID-19 Treatment Among Hospitalized Adults in the United States Open
Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Objective: To characterize variation in dexamethasone and remdesivir use over time among hospitals. Background: Little is known about hospital-level variation in COVID-19 drug treatments in a large…
View article: The opioid industry's use of scientific evidence to advance claims about prescription opioid safety and effectiveness
The opioid industry's use of scientific evidence to advance claims about prescription opioid safety and effectiveness Open
It is widely recognized that pharmaceutical marketing contributed to the ongoing US opioid epidemic, but less is understood about how the opioid industry used scientific evidence to generate product demand, shape opioid regulation, and cha…
Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir (Paxlovid) Use Among Individuals at Risk of Severe <span>COVID</span>‐19: An Analysis of the National <span>COVID</span> Cohort Collaborative (N3C) Open
Purpose Paxlovid is effective in reducing COVID‐19 hospitalization and mortality. This study characterized Paxlovid use and evaluated racial/ethnic disparities over time among community‐dwelling adults at high risk of progression to severe…
Use of Oral and Emergency Contraceptives After the US Supreme Court’s <i>Dobbs</i> Decision Open
Importance The US Supreme Court Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization decision allowed states to strengthen restrictions on abortion access, triggering the closure of family planning clinics and leading to confusion about the legalit…
INTERVENTIONS TO IMPROVE PATIENT SAFETY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW Open
Objective To summarize the literature on health care interventions to reduce harm to patients caused by the COVID-19 pandemic across six domains: medication errors, diagnostic errors, surgical errors, health care-associated infections, pre…
Association between switching to integrase strand transfer inhibitors and incident diabetes in people with HIV Open
Objective: Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTI) are associated with weight gain in people with HIV (PWH), but their impact on diabetes is unclear. We evaluated the association between switching from nonnucleoside reverse-transcript…
Induced Abortion and Out-of-State Travel Among Insured Women Before and After the Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization Decision Open
OBJECTIVE: To quantify changes in abortion rates and out-of-state travel for abortion among insured women before and after the Dobbs v. Jackson decision. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional analysis of IQVIA's anonymized, patient-level pre…
Use of prescription medications with cardiovascular adverse effects among older adults in the United States Open
Background: Many commonly used prescription medications have cardiovascular adverse effects, yet the cumulative risk of cardiovascular events associated with the concurrent use of these medications is unknown. We examined the association b…
View article: Association Between Pharmacy Proximity With Cardiovascular Medication Use and Risk Factor Control in the United States
Association Between Pharmacy Proximity With Cardiovascular Medication Use and Risk Factor Control in the United States Open
Background Poor neighborhood‐level access to health care, including community pharmacies, contributes to cardiovascular disparities in the United States. The authors quantified the association between pharmacy proximity, antihypertensive a…
Recreational and Medical Cannabis Legalization and Opioid Prescriptions and Mortality Open
Importance While some have argued that cannabis legalization has helped to reduce opioid-related morbidity and mortality in the US, evidence has been mixed. Moreover, existing studies did not account for biases that could arise when policy…
The Opioid Industry Documents Archive: Advancing Public Health Through Industry Document Disclosure Open
More than twenty-five years after the first signs of potential harm, the US remains locked in the grip of an opioid epidemic, with more Americans dying from overdoses than ever before. 1 Diversion of prescription opioids plays an important…
Sociodemographic and spending characteristics of Medicare beneficiaries taking prescription drugs subject to price negotiations Open
Inflation Reduction Act OOP spending caps and LIS expansion will lower prescription drug costs for beneficiaries with OOP costs exceeding $2,000 who are mostly White and live in higher-income areas, insulin users who are disproportionately…