Friedrich Schneider
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View article: Hidden Drivers of Housing Markets and Stability: The Role of the Shadow Economy
Hidden Drivers of Housing Markets and Stability: The Role of the Shadow Economy Open
View article: Does the Shadow Economy Cast a Cloud on Banking Sector Resilience?
Does the Shadow Economy Cast a Cloud on Banking Sector Resilience? Open
View article: Long-Run Estimates of the Global Informal Economies and New Insights for 152 Countries Over 1997 to 2022 Using an Enhanced Mimic Approach
Long-Run Estimates of the Global Informal Economies and New Insights for 152 Countries Over 1997 to 2022 Using an Enhanced Mimic Approach Open
View article: Mapping the Informal Economy Around the World with an Enhanced MIMIC Approach: New Estimates for 110 Countries from 1997-2022
Mapping the Informal Economy Around the World with an Enhanced MIMIC Approach: New Estimates for 110 Countries from 1997-2022 Open
View article: The popularity function: a spurious regression? The case of Austria
The popularity function: a spurious regression? The case of Austria Open
In this paper we apply the unit root and cointegration methodology as well as other methods of modern econometric time series analysis to estimate popularity functions for the Austrian parties in power since the mid-1970s. We find only ver…
View article: A Review of the Informal Economy Driving Forces and Policy Measures against it: An Analysis of Six EU Countries
A Review of the Informal Economy Driving Forces and Policy Measures against it: An Analysis of Six EU Countries Open
This study provides estimates of the size and development of the shadow economy in the countries of the European Union (EU) plus the United Kingdom from 2003 to 2022 using a MIMIC approach. The focus of the study is to provide an analysis …
View article: Do Different Estimation Methods Lead to Implausible Differences in the Size of Nonobserved or Shadow Economies? A Preliminary Answer
Do Different Estimation Methods Lead to Implausible Differences in the Size of Nonobserved or Shadow Economies? A Preliminary Answer Open
This review evaluates three micro and three macro estimation approaches to determine whether unrealistic differences exist in estimating the size of nonobserved/shadow economies. While some macro-MIMIC estimates are higher than estimates u…
View article: Estimating the Size and Development of the Informal Economy in the Balkan Peninsula Countries Using the SEM-Approach and Assessing the Impact of COVID-19
Estimating the Size and Development of the Informal Economy in the Balkan Peninsula Countries Using the SEM-Approach and Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 Open
View article: The Impact of Inequality on the Informal Economy in Latin America and the Caribbean with a Mimic Model
The Impact of Inequality on the Informal Economy in Latin America and the Caribbean with a Mimic Model Open
View article: Two sides of the coin: exploring the duality of corruption in Latin America
Two sides of the coin: exploring the duality of corruption in Latin America Open
The ambiguous phenomenon of corruption has long been the cause of great theoretical debate in economics. By using Structural Equation Modelling, with the two types of corruption as a latent variable, this paper employs causal and indicativ…
View article: Size and Causes of the Shadow Economy in Iran: An Analysis with the MIMIC Approach
Size and Causes of the Shadow Economy in Iran: An Analysis with the MIMIC Approach Open
This study aims to estimate the size of the Iranian Shadow Economy (SE) using the multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC) approach, a variant of the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. The application of the MIMIC approach all…
View article: Is a Minimal Federal European Constitution for the European Union Necessary? Some Preliminary Suggestions Using Public Choice Analysis
Is a Minimal Federal European Constitution for the European Union Necessary? Some Preliminary Suggestions Using Public Choice Analysis Open
After overcoming the Coronavirus Pandemic with massive spending programs and the possibility of running a deficit at the EU level, a minimal Federal European Constitution is proposed, to provide a legal and democratic base for the European…
View article: New COVID-related results for estimating the shadow economy in the global economy in 2021 and 2022
New COVID-related results for estimating the shadow economy in the global economy in 2021 and 2022 Open
Considering the development of the shadow economy of 36 European and OECD countries over the period from 2003 to 2022 and the effect of the Coronavirus pandemic from 2020 onwards, the average size of the shadow economy of 36 European and O…
View article: Estimation of Informal Economy: Figures for Developed and Underdeveloped Countries Around the World
Estimation of Informal Economy: Figures for Developed and Underdeveloped Countries Around the World Open
This paper estimates the size of the value added of the informal economy for 157 countries over 1991 to 2017 with the help of the MIMIC-method. The results show that OECD countries have by far the smallest informal economies, with sizes be…
View article: E-government, education quality, internet access in schools, and tax evasion
E-government, education quality, internet access in schools, and tax evasion Open
The study examines whether e-government services reduce the prevalence of tax evasion. Importantly, the study also investigates whether education quality as captured by three proxies and internet connection in schools strengthens the negat…
View article: Review for "The impact of ICT on shadow economy in West Africa"
Review for "The impact of ICT on shadow economy in West Africa" Open
View article: The hidden economy in Jordan: A MIMIC approach
The hidden economy in Jordan: A MIMIC approach Open
This paper uses the Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) approach to determine the annual size and growth of the hidden economy in Jordan for the period 1980-2018. We find that the key causal variables of the hidden economy in Jorda…
View article: The role of economic prosperity on informality in Africa: evidence of corruption thresholds from PSTR
The role of economic prosperity on informality in Africa: evidence of corruption thresholds from PSTR Open
View article: Two sides of the same coin or two different coins? Exploring the duality of corruption in Latin America
Two sides of the same coin or two different coins? Exploring the duality of corruption in Latin America Open
View article: Data from: Size and Causes of the Shadow Economy in Iran: An Analysis with the MIMIC Approach
Data from: Size and Causes of the Shadow Economy in Iran: An Analysis with the MIMIC Approach Open
All the data needed (in raw form) in order to replicate the results of the paper “Size and Causes of the Shadow Economy in Iran: An Analysis with the MIMIC Approach” is available here. Information on how to use this data to produce the res…
View article: Data from: Size and Causes of the Shadow Economy in Iran: An Analysis with the MIMIC Approach
Data from: Size and Causes of the Shadow Economy in Iran: An Analysis with the MIMIC Approach Open
All the data needed (in raw form) in order to replicate the results of the paper “Size and Causes of the Shadow Economy in Iran: An Analysis with the MIMIC Approach” is available here. Information on how to use this data to produce the res…
View article: Data from: Size and Causes of the Shadow Economy in Iran: An Analysis with the MIMIC Approach
Data from: Size and Causes of the Shadow Economy in Iran: An Analysis with the MIMIC Approach Open
All the data needed (in raw form) in order to replicate the results of the paper “Size and Causes of the Shadow Economy in Iran: An Analysis with the MIMIC Approach” is available here. Information on how to use this data to produce the res…
View article: Economic and Financial Crime: Corruption, Shadow Economy, and Money Laundering: Book Review. Written by Monica Violeta Achim and Sorin Nicolae Borlea. Springer Nature: Cham, Switzerland, 2021. ISBN 978-3-030-51780-9
Economic and Financial Crime: Corruption, Shadow Economy, and Money Laundering: Book Review. Written by Monica Violeta Achim and Sorin Nicolae Borlea. Springer Nature: Cham, Switzerland, 2021. ISBN 978-3-030-51780-9 Open
The authors Monica Violeta Achim and Sorin Nicolae Borlea structured their book entitled “Economic and Financial Crime: Corruption, shadow economy, and money laundering” in four major parts [...]
View article: Ethical behavior, auditing strength, and tax evasion: A worldwide perspective
Ethical behavior, auditing strength, and tax evasion: A worldwide perspective Open
View article: Social Capital and the Shadow Economy
Social Capital and the Shadow Economy Open
In this work, we look at the relationship between social capital, measured by generalized trust, and the size of the shadow economy, an institutional characteristic which reflects the inability of a society to successfully cooperate. An in…
View article: Measuring the Immeasurable: The Evolution of the Size of Informal Economy in the Agricultural Sector in the EU-15 Up to 2019
Measuring the Immeasurable: The Evolution of the Size of Informal Economy in the Agricultural Sector in the EU-15 Up to 2019 Open
This study is the first scientific attempt to calculate the size of the informal economy in agriculture. The Multiple indicators multiple causes model (MIMIC) was developed for the estimation of levels of informal economy in 15 “Old” Europ…
View article: Measuring the Immeasurable: The Evolution of the Size of Informal Economy in the Agricultural Sector in the EU-15 Up to 2019
Measuring the Immeasurable: The Evolution of the Size of Informal Economy in the Agricultural Sector in the EU-15 Up to 2019 Open
View article: Do Different Estimation Methods Lead to Implausible Differences in the Size of the Non-Observed or Shadow Economies? A Preliminary Answer
Do Different Estimation Methods Lead to Implausible Differences in the Size of the Non-Observed or Shadow Economies? A Preliminary Answer Open
View article: Are Shadow Economy and Corruption in US States Substitutive or Complementary? An Empirical Investigation
Are Shadow Economy and Corruption in US States Substitutive or Complementary? An Empirical Investigation Open
An empirical investigation of the 50 US States shows that the relationship between shadow economy and corruption is negative (substitutive) when the shadow economy is relatively small; it is positive (complementary) when the shadow economy…
View article: Modelling the shadow economy of South Africa: Using the currency demand and MIMIC approach
Modelling the shadow economy of South Africa: Using the currency demand and MIMIC approach Open
This paper estimates the size and development of the South African shadow economy (SE) using two indirect approaches namely, the Multivariate Indicator Multivariate Causes (MIMIC) model and the Currency Demand Approach (CDA). The study use…