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View article: Certifying asymmetry in the configuration of three qubits
Certifying asymmetry in the configuration of three qubits Open
Symmetry restrictions limit the types of tasks that can be achieved with a given set of quantum states. Therefore, any breaking of these symmetries could potentially be exploited as a resource for quantum communication. Here we demonstrate…
View article: Classical bounds on two-outcome bipartite Bell expressions and linear prepare-and-measure witnesses: Efficient computation in parallel environments such as graphics processing units
Classical bounds on two-outcome bipartite Bell expressions and linear prepare-and-measure witnesses: Efficient computation in parallel environments such as graphics processing units Open
The presented program aims at speeding up the brute force computation of the so-called $L_d$ norm of a matrix $M$ using graphics processing units (GPUs). Alternatives for CPUs have also been implemented, and the algorithm is applicable to …
View article: On defining climate by means of an ensemble
On defining climate by means of an ensemble Open
We study the suitability of an initial condition ensemble to form the conceptual basis of defining climate. We point out that the most important criterion for this is the uniqueness of the probability measure on which the definition relies…
View article: Converged ensemble simulations of climate: possible trends in total solar irradiance cannot explain global warming alone
Converged ensemble simulations of climate: possible trends in total solar irradiance cannot explain global warming alone Open
We address the hypothetical question of whether an increasing total solar irradiance (TSI) trend, without anthropogenic contributions, could be sufficient to explain the ongoing global warming. To this end, the intermediate-complexity clim…
View article: Towards minimal self-testing of qubit states and measurements in prepare-and-measure scenarios
Towards minimal self-testing of qubit states and measurements in prepare-and-measure scenarios Open
Self-testing is a promising approach to certifying quantum states or measurements. Originally, it relied solely on the outcome statistics of the measurements involved in a device-independent (DI) setup. Extra physical assumptions about the…
View article: Self-testing of semisymmetric informationally complete measurements in a qubit prepare-and-measure scenario
Self-testing of semisymmetric informationally complete measurements in a qubit prepare-and-measure scenario Open
Self-testing is a powerful method for certifying quantum systems. Initially proposed in the device-independent (DI) setting, self-testing has since been relaxed to the semi-device-independent (semi-DI) setting. In this study, we focus on t…
View article: On defining climate by means of an ensemble
On defining climate by means of an ensemble Open
We study the suitability of an initial condition ensemble to form the conceptual basis of defining climate. We point out that the most important criterion is the uniqueness of the probability measure on which the definition relies. We firs…
View article: The convergence of an ensemble to an attractor during climate change
The convergence of an ensemble to an attractor during climate change Open
Time series of the annual mean near-surface air temperature of a grid point in the Southern Pacific in 192 members in each of two ensembles simulated by the Planet Simulator (Fraedrich et al., 2005) as described in Drotos et al. (2017) in …
View article: The convergence of an ensemble to an attractor during climate change
The convergence of an ensemble to an attractor during climate change Open
Time series of the annual mean near-surface air temperature of a grid point in the Southern Pacific in 192 members in each of two ensembles simulated by the Planet Simulator (Fraedrich et al., 2005) as described in Drotos et al. (2017) in …
View article: On defining climate by means of an ensemble
On defining climate by means of an ensemble Open
Earth and Space Science Open Archive This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. ESSOAr is a venue for early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be preliminary.Learn more about preprints preprintOpen AccessYou are…
View article: On defining climate by means of an ensemble
On defining climate by means of an ensemble Open
Earth and Space Science Open Archive This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. ESSOAr is a venue for early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be preliminary.Learn more about preprints preprintOpen AccessYou are…
View article: Nonlinear Forced Change and Nonergodicity: The Case of ENSO-Indian Monsoon and Global Precipitation Teleconnections
Nonlinear Forced Change and Nonergodicity: The Case of ENSO-Indian Monsoon and Global Precipitation Teleconnections Open
We study the forced response of the teleconnection between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian summer monsoon (IM) in the Max Planck Institute Grand Ensemble, a set of Earth system ensemble simulations under historical a…
View article: Nonlinear forced change and nonergodicity: The case of ENSO-Indian monsoon and global precipitation teleconnections
Nonlinear forced change and nonergodicity: The case of ENSO-Indian monsoon and global precipitation teleconnections Open
<p>We study the forced response of the teleconnection between the El Ni&#241;o&#8211;Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian summer monsoon (IM) in the Max Planck Institute Grand Ensemble, a set of Earth system ensemble si…
View article: Sinking microplastics in the water column: simulations in the Mediterranean Sea
Sinking microplastics in the water column: simulations in the Mediterranean Sea Open
<p>We study the vertical dispersion and distribution of negatively buoyant rigid microplastics within a realistic circulation model of the Mediterranean sea. We first propose an equation describing their idealized dynamics. In that f…
View article: Local characterization of transient chaos on finite times in open systems
Local characterization of transient chaos on finite times in open systems Open
To characterize local finite-time properties associated with transient chaos in open dynamical systems, we introduce an escape rate and fractal dimensions suitable for this purpose in a coarse-grained description. We numerically illustrate…
View article: Sinking microplastics in the water column: simulations in the Mediterranean Sea
Sinking microplastics in the water column: simulations in the Mediterranean Sea Open
We study the vertical dispersion and distribution of negatively buoyant rigid microplastics within a realistic circulation model of the Mediterranean sea. We first propose an equation describing their idealized dynamics. In that framework,…
View article: Nonlinear forced change and nonergodicity: The case of ENSO-Indian\n monsoon and global precipitation teleconnections
Nonlinear forced change and nonergodicity: The case of ENSO-Indian\n monsoon and global precipitation teleconnections Open
We study the forced response of the teleconnection between the El\nNino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and global precipitation in general and the\nIndian summer monsoon (IM) in particular in the Max Planck Institute Grand\nEnsemble. The forc…
View article: Publisher’s Note: “Accumulated densities of sedimenting particles in turbulent flows” [Phys. Fluids 32, 075104 (2020)]
Publisher’s Note: “Accumulated densities of sedimenting particles in turbulent flows” [Phys. Fluids 32, 075104 (2020)] Open
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View article: Accumulated densities of sedimenting particles in turbulent flows
Accumulated densities of sedimenting particles in turbulent flows Open
We study the effect of turbulence on a sedimenting layer of particles by means of direct numerical simulations. A Lagrangian model in which particles are considered as tracers with an additional downward settling velocity is integrated tog…
View article: On associating significance levels with temporal changes in empirical orthogonal function analysis: a case study for ENSO
On associating significance levels with temporal changes in empirical orthogonal function analysis: a case study for ENSO Open
<p>The availability of a large ensemble enables one to evaluate empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) with respect to the ensemble without relying on temporal variability at all. Variability across the ensemble at any given time is s…
View article: The forced response of the El Ni&#241;o&#8211;Southern Oscillation-Indian monsoon teleconnection in ensembles of Earth System Models
The forced response of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation-Indian monsoon teleconnection in ensembles of Earth System Models Open
<p>We study the teleconnection between the El Ni&#241;o&#8211;Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian summer monsoon (IM) in large ensemble simulations, the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM) and the Communi…
View article: The role of the base period in evaluating teleconnection indices and strengths, and how to eliminate it in the snapshot framework using large ensembles
The role of the base period in evaluating teleconnection indices and strengths, and how to eliminate it in the snapshot framework using large ensembles Open
<p>Different teleconnection index time series are obtained even within a single member of a large ensemble simulation if different base periods are chosen. This also has an effect on the apparent strength of teleconnections. In this …
View article: The Forced Response of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation–Indian Monsoon Teleconnection in Ensembles of Earth System Models
The Forced Response of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation–Indian Monsoon Teleconnection in Ensembles of Earth System Models Open
We study the teleconnection between El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Indian summer monsoon
\n(IM) in large ensemble simulations, the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model (MPI-ESM), and the Community
\nEarth System Model (CESM…
View article: Global variability in radiative-convective equilibrium with a slab ocean under a wide range of CO2 concentrations
Global variability in radiative-convective equilibrium with a slab ocean under a wide range of CO2 concentrations Open
In radiative-convective equilibrium (RCE), radiative cooling of the troposphere is roughly balanced by the
\nvaporization enthalpy set free by precipitating moist convection. Many earlier studies restricted the
\ninvestigation of RCE to th…
View article: The Theory of Parallel Climate Realizations
The Theory of Parallel Climate Realizations Open
Based on the theory of “snapshot/pullback attractors”, we show that important features of the climate change that we are observing can be understood by imagining many replicas of Earth that are not interacting with each other. Their climat…
View article: Data files obtained in the manuscript 'Spatial inhomogeneities in the sedimentation of biogenic particles in ocean flows: analysis in the Benguela region'
Data files obtained in the manuscript 'Spatial inhomogeneities in the sedimentation of biogenic particles in ocean flows: analysis in the Benguela region' Open
Sedimentation of particles in the ocean leads to inhomogeneous horizontal distributions at depth. The present dataset contains density and trajectory data for particle sedimentation computed from the velocity field given by a ROMS simulati…
View article: Inhomogeneities and caustics in the sedimentation of noninertial particles in incompressible flows
Inhomogeneities and caustics in the sedimentation of noninertial particles in incompressible flows Open
In an incompressible flow, fluid density remains invariant along fluid element trajectories. This implies that the spatial distribution of non-interacting noninertial particles in such flows cannot develop density inhomogeneities beyond th…