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View article: Suboptimal management of hypercholesterolemia in countries with high or very high cardiovascular risk: findings from the international DISCOVERY study
Suboptimal management of hypercholesterolemia in countries with high or very high cardiovascular risk: findings from the international DISCOVERY study Open
Introduction The 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines introduced stricter low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) targets, particularly for patients at high and very high cardiovascular (CV) risk. However, data on the implementation of these target…
View article: 2025 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease
2025 ESC/EACTS Guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease Open
International audience
View article: Predictors of Long-Term Mortality in Medically Treated Patients With Chronic Heart Failure in Kosovo
Predictors of Long-Term Mortality in Medically Treated Patients With Chronic Heart Failure in Kosovo Open
Background: Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome that is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The prognosis of chronic HF in Kosovo has never been objectively assessed and compared with other countries. Thus, this stu…
View article: Decreased Bone Mineral Density Is Associated with Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Asymptomatic Non-Diabetic Postmenopausal Women
Decreased Bone Mineral Density Is Associated with Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Asymptomatic Non-Diabetic Postmenopausal Women Open
Background/Objectives: Estrogen deficiency is strongly related to osteoporosis, but its role in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly in postmenopausal women, is unclear. The aim of this study was to…
View article: Management of children with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide: a meta-analysis
Management of children with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide: a meta-analysis Open
Aims Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) is one of the most frequent monogenic disorders in the world, leading to premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy …
View article: Predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis in asymptomatic healthy non‐diabetic postmenopausal women
Predictors of subclinical atherosclerosis in asymptomatic healthy non‐diabetic postmenopausal women Open
Background and Aim Cardiovascular disease progresses after menopause. Conventional risk factors, particularly diabetes, for atherosclerosis are well‐established predictors of phenotypic arterial disease. The aim of this study is to assess …
View article: 2024 Recommendations on the Optimal Use of Lipid-Lowering Therapy in Established Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Following Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Position Paper of the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP)
2024 Recommendations on the Optimal Use of Lipid-Lowering Therapy in Established Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Following Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Position Paper of the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) Open
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and consequent acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are substantial contributors to morbidity and mortality across Europe. Fortunately, as much as two thirds of this disease's burden is modifiable, …
View article: Management of Children with Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia Worldwide: A Meta-Analysis.
Management of Children with Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia Worldwide: A Meta-Analysis. Open
Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) is one of the most frequent monogenic disorders in the world, leading to premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD). The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficac…
View article: Takotsubo Syndrome: An International Expert Consensus Report on Practical Challenges and Specific Conditions (Part-1: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges)
Takotsubo Syndrome: An International Expert Consensus Report on Practical Challenges and Specific Conditions (Part-1: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenges) Open
In the recent years, there has been a burgeoning interest in Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), which is renowned as a specific form of reversible myocardial dysfunction. Despite the extensive literature available on TTS, clinicians still face seve…
View article: Takotsubo Syndrome: An International Expert Consensus Report on Practical Challenges and Specific Conditions (Part-2: Specific Entities, Risk Stratification and Challenges After Recovery)
Takotsubo Syndrome: An International Expert Consensus Report on Practical Challenges and Specific Conditions (Part-2: Specific Entities, Risk Stratification and Challenges After Recovery) Open
Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) still remains as an enigmatic phenomenon. In particular, long-term challenges (including clinical recurrence and persistent symptoms) and specific entities in the setting of TTS have been the evolving areas of inte…
View article: Management and clinical outcome of myocardial infarction in Kosovo: A cross‐sectional study
Management and clinical outcome of myocardial infarction in Kosovo: A cross‐sectional study Open
Background and Aims Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of mortality worldwide, irrespective of its presentation as non‐ST‐segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) or ST‐segment elevation MI (STEMI). The objective of this study was to assess …
View article: European Society of Cardiology: the 2023 Atlas of Cardiovascular Disease Statistics
European Society of Cardiology: the 2023 Atlas of Cardiovascular Disease Statistics Open
This report from the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Atlas Project updates and expands upon the 2021 report in presenting cardiovascular disease (CVD) statistics for the ESC member countries. This paper examines inequalities in cardio…
View article: One-Month Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Reduces Major Bleeding Compared With Longer-Term Treatment Without Excess Stent Thrombosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
One-Month Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Reduces Major Bleeding Compared With Longer-Term Treatment Without Excess Stent Thrombosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Open
Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) remains the gold standard in patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the clinical safety of 1-month DAPT followed by aspirin or a P2Y12 receptor …
View article: The Rationale and Design of the KOSovan Acute Coronary Syndrome (KOS-ACS) Registry
The Rationale and Design of the KOSovan Acute Coronary Syndrome (KOS-ACS) Registry Open
The KOSovan Acute Coronary Syndrome (KOS-ACS) Registry is established as a prospective, continuous, nationwide, web-based registry that is operated online. The KOS-ACS registry is designed with the following objectives: (1) to obtain data …
View article: Smoking and Hypertriglyceridemia Predict ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Kosovo Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Smoking and Hypertriglyceridemia Predict ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Kosovo Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Open
Background: Myocardial infarction (MI), presented as ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI), is influenced by atherosclerosis risk factors. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the patterns of presenta…
View article: Diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive investigations for coronary artery disease in hypertensive patients: A meta-analysis
Diagnostic accuracy of non-invasive investigations for coronary artery disease in hypertensive patients: A meta-analysis Open
Introduction Non-invasive assessment of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with hypertensive heart disease is still a major clinical challenge. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of different non-i…
View article: Rationale and Design of the KOSovan Acute Coronary Syndrome (KOS-ACS) Registry
Rationale and Design of the KOSovan Acute Coronary Syndrome (KOS-ACS) Registry Open
The KOSovan Acute Coronary Syndrome (KOS-ACS) Registry is established as a prospective, continuous, nationwide, web-based registry that is operated online. The KOS-ACS registry is designed with the following objectives: 1) to obtain data o…
View article: Ventricular septal defect associated with aortic regurgitation and ascending aortic aneurysm: a case report
Ventricular septal defect associated with aortic regurgitation and ascending aortic aneurysm: a case report Open
View article: Pattern of Presentation and Risk Factor Prediction of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Kosovo
Pattern of Presentation and Risk Factor Prediction of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Kosovo Open
Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Its presentation as ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) is influence by atherosclerosis risk factors. Aim: To assess the p…
View article: 2023 Focused Update of the 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure
2023 Focused Update of the 2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure Open
International audience
View article: 2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of endocarditis
2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of endocarditis Open
View article: The association between daily step count and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a meta-analysis
The association between daily step count and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a meta-analysis Open
Aims There is good evidence showing that inactivity and walking minimal steps/day increase the risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease and general ill-health. The optimal number of steps and their role in health is, however, still unclear. The…
View article: Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Is Not Superior to Optimal Medical Therapy in Chronic Coronary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Is Not Superior to Optimal Medical Therapy in Chronic Coronary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis Open
(1) Background and Aim: Conflicting evidence exists regarding the benefits of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on survival and symptomatic relief of patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) compared with optimal medical therap…
View article: Nutraceutical approaches to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A position paper from the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP)
Nutraceutical approaches to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): A position paper from the International Lipid Expert Panel (ILEP) Open
View article: Supplementary Material for: Baló Concentric Sclerosis Mimicking Encephalitis with Seizure and Progressive Aphasia in a 26-Year-Old Woman: A Challenging Diagnostic Dilemma
Supplementary Material for: Baló Concentric Sclerosis Mimicking Encephalitis with Seizure and Progressive Aphasia in a 26-Year-Old Woman: A Challenging Diagnostic Dilemma Open
Introduction: Baló's concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare subtype of multiple sclerosis (MS) characterized by inflammatory demyelination within the central nervous system (CNS). Case presentation: This case report presents a challenging di…
View article: Acute pericarditis as a major clinical manifestation of long COVID-19 syndrome
Acute pericarditis as a major clinical manifestation of long COVID-19 syndrome Open
View article: Care of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: an international analysis of quality indicators in the acute coronary syndrome STEMI Registry of the EURObservational Research Programme and ACVC and EAPCI Associations of the European Society of Cardiology in 11 462 patients
Care of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: an international analysis of quality indicators in the acute coronary syndrome STEMI Registry of the EURObservational Research Programme and ACVC and EAPCI Associations of the European Society of Cardiology in 11 462 patients Open
Aims To use quality indicators to study the management of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in different regions. Methods and results Prospective cohort study of STEMI within 24 h of symptom onset (11 462 patients, 196 cen…
View article: Left Ventricular Myocardial and Cavity Velocity Disturbances Are Powerful Predictors of Significant Coronary Artery Stenosis
Left Ventricular Myocardial and Cavity Velocity Disturbances Are Powerful Predictors of Significant Coronary Artery Stenosis Open
Background and Aim: Dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) is a well-established noninvasive investigation for significant coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of cardiac Doppler parameters in…
View article: Diabetes Is the Strongest Predictor of Limited Exercise Capacity in Chronic Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF)
Diabetes Is the Strongest Predictor of Limited Exercise Capacity in Chronic Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) Open
Background and Aim Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a known risk factor in patients with heart failure (HF), but its impact on phenotypic presentations remains unclear. This study aimed to prospectively examine the relationship between T…
View article: Step‐by‐step diagnosis and management of the nocebo/drucebo effect in statin‐associated muscle symptoms patients: a position paper from <i>the International Lipid Expert Panel</i> (ILEP)
Step‐by‐step diagnosis and management of the nocebo/drucebo effect in statin‐associated muscle symptoms patients: a position paper from <i>the International Lipid Expert Panel</i> (ILEP) Open
Statin intolerance is a clinical syndrome whereby adverse effects (AEs) associated with statin therapy [most commonly statin‐associated muscle symptoms (SAMS)] result in the discontinuation of therapy and consequently increase the risk of …