Gary Ruvkun
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View article: Mutations in mitochondrial ferredoxin FDX2 suppress frataxin deficiency
Mutations in mitochondrial ferredoxin FDX2 suppress frataxin deficiency Open
Frataxin is a key component of an ancient, mitochondrial iron–sulfur cluster biosynthetic machinery, serving as an allosteric activator of the cysteine desulfurase NFS1 (refs. 1–5 ). Loss of frataxin levels underlies Friedreich’s ataxia 6 …
View article: From nematode to Nobel: How community-shared resources fueled the rise of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> as a research organism
From nematode to Nobel: How community-shared resources fueled the rise of <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> as a research organism Open
Experimental organisms such as the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans are fundamental to biological discovery. The success of C. elegans research has been greatly enabled by infrastructure that allows thousands of scientists to share and acce…
View article: The microRNA miR-243 directs poly(UG) modification of a somatic mRNA in C. elegans
The microRNA miR-243 directs poly(UG) modification of a somatic mRNA in C. elegans Open
C. elegans RDE-3 adds poly UG tails to mRNAs targeted for silencing by the dsRNA-initiated RNA interference (RNAi) pathway. RDE-3 can also add p(UG) tails to some endogenous cellular mRNAs. Mechanisms directing RDE-3 to pUGylate specific m…
View article: A spurious fln-2 mutation in a wide variety of commonly used C. elegans strains
A spurious fln-2 mutation in a wide variety of commonly used C. elegans strains Open
We describe a fln-2 mutant allele present in many commonly used Caenorhabditis elegans strains. It is present in the dpy-5(e907) strain, ancestral to thousands of transgenic strains generated by the C. elegans Expression Project. This find…
View article: The effects of intense light on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>
The effects of intense light on <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Open
Caenorhabditis elegans utilize light receptors to modify foraging and locomotion in response to phototoxic blue and UV light. Our study investigated physiological and behavioral changes in C. elegans during and after exposure to high-inten…
View article: Mitochondrial fission surveillance is coupled to Caenorhabditis elegans DNA and chromosome segregation integrity
Mitochondrial fission surveillance is coupled to Caenorhabditis elegans DNA and chromosome segregation integrity Open
Mitochondrial fission and fusion are tightly regulated to specify mitochondrial abundance, localization, and arrangement during cell division as well as in the diverse differentiated cell types and physiological states. However, the regula…
View article: Translation elongation defects activate the <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> ZIP-2 bZIP transcription factor–mediated toxin defense
Translation elongation defects activate the <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> ZIP-2 bZIP transcription factor–mediated toxin defense Open
The Caenorhabditis elegans bZIP transcription factor ZIP-2 is activated by toxins or mutations that inhibit translational elongation. The zip-2 DNA-binding protein is encoded in a downstream main open reading frame (mORF), but under normal…
View article: Decreased SynMuv B gene activity in response to viral infection leads to activation of the antiviral RNAi pathway in C. elegans
Decreased SynMuv B gene activity in response to viral infection leads to activation of the antiviral RNAi pathway in C. elegans Open
RNA interference (RNAi) mediates antiviral defense in many eukaryotes. Caenorhabditis elegans mutants that disable RNAi are more sensitive to viral infection. Many mutants that enhance RNAi have also been identified; these mutations may re…
View article: Hydrogen sulfide mediates the interaction between C. elegans and Actinobacteria from its natural microbial environment
Hydrogen sulfide mediates the interaction between C. elegans and Actinobacteria from its natural microbial environment Open
Caenorhabditis elegans proliferates poorly in the presence of abundant Actinobacteria from its natural ecology, but it is unknown why. Here, we show how perturbed levels of hydrogen sulfide modulate the growth rate of both C. elegans and A…
View article: <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> inositol hexaphosphate pathways couple to RNA interference and pathogen defense
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> inositol hexaphosphate pathways couple to RNA interference and pathogen defense Open
RNA interference (RNAi) is an evolutionarily conserved pathway that defends against viral infections in diverse organisms. Caenorhabditis elegans mutations that enhance RNAi have revealed pathways that may regulate antiviral defense. A gen…
View article: <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>SynMuv B gene activity is down-regulated during a viral infection to enhance RNA interference
<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>SynMuv B gene activity is down-regulated during a viral infection to enhance RNA interference Open
Small RNA pathways regulate eukaryotic antiviral defense. Many of the Caenorhabditis elegans mutations that were identified based on their enhanced RNAi, the synMuv B genes, also emerged from unrelated genetic screens for increased growth …
View article: Mutations in nucleotide metabolism genes bypass proteasome defects in png-1/NGLY1-deficient Caenorhabditis elegans
Mutations in nucleotide metabolism genes bypass proteasome defects in png-1/NGLY1-deficient Caenorhabditis elegans Open
The conserved SKN-1A/Nrf1 transcription factor regulates the expression of proteasome subunit genes and is essential for maintenance of adequate proteasome function in animal development, aging, and stress responses. Unusual among transcri…
View article: Author Response: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Author Response: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans Open
Full text Figures and data Side by side Abstract eLife assessment eLife digest Introduction Results Discussion Methods Data availability References Peer review Author response Article and author information Abstract Dedicated genetic pathw…
View article: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans Open
Dedicated genetic pathways regulate cysteine homeostasis. For example, high levels of cysteine activate cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cysteine catabolism in most animal and many fungal species. The mechanism by which cysteine dioxy…
View article: Mitochondrial fission surveillance is coupled to<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>DNA and chromosome segregation integrity
Mitochondrial fission surveillance is coupled to<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>DNA and chromosome segregation integrity Open
Mitochondrial fission and fusion are tightly regulated to specify mitochondrial abundance, localization, and arrangement during cell division as well as in the diverse differentiated cell types and physiological states. However, the regula…
View article: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans Open
Dedicated genetic pathways regulate cysteine homeostasis. For example, high levels of cysteine activate cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cysteine catabolism in most animal and many fungal species. The mechanism by which cysteine dioxy…
View article: Author Response: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Author Response: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans Open
Dedicated genetic pathways regulate cysteine homeostasis. For example, high levels of cysteine activate cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cysteine catabolism in most animal and many fungal species. The mechanism by which cysteine dioxy…
View article: Hypoxia and intra-complex genetic suppressors rescue complex I mutants by a shared mechanism
Hypoxia and intra-complex genetic suppressors rescue complex I mutants by a shared mechanism Open
The electron transport chain (ETC) of mitochondria, bacteria, and archaea couples electron flow to proton pumping and is adapted to diverse oxygen environments. Remarkably, in mice, neurological disease due to ETC complex I dysfunction is …
View article: Perturbed sulfur homeostasis allows<i>C. elegans</i>to escape growth retardation on<i>Actinobacteria</i>from its natural microbiome
Perturbed sulfur homeostasis allows<i>C. elegans</i>to escape growth retardation on<i>Actinobacteria</i>from its natural microbiome Open
Summary The rate at which organisms grow is influenced by their biotic environment. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans grows slower in the presence of Actinobacteria , but it is unknown why. Here, we show how perturbed levels of hydrogen …
View article: Hypoxia-inducible factor promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Hypoxia-inducible factor promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans Open
The amino acid cysteine is critical for many aspects of life, yet excess cysteine is toxic. Therefore, animals require pathways to maintain cysteine homeostasis. In mammals, high cysteine activates cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cys…
View article: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in Caenorhabditis elegans Open
Dedicated genetic pathways regulate cysteine homeostasis. For example, high levels of cysteine activate cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cysteine catabolism in most animal and many fungal species. The mechanism by which cysteine dioxy…
View article: Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>
Hypoxia-inducible factor induces cysteine dioxygenase and promotes cysteine homeostasis in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Open
Dedicated genetic pathways regulate cysteine homeostasis. For example, high levels of cysteine activate cysteine dioxygenase, a key enzyme in cysteine catabolism in most animal and many fungal species. The mechanism by which cysteine dioxy…
View article: The <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> ARIP-4 DNA helicase couples mitochondrial surveillance to immune, detoxification, and antiviral pathways
The <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> ARIP-4 DNA helicase couples mitochondrial surveillance to immune, detoxification, and antiviral pathways Open
Surveillance of Caenorhabditis elegans mitochondrial status is coupled to defense responses such as drug detoxification, immunity, antiviral RNA interference (RNAi), and regulation of life span. A cytochrome p540 detoxification gene, cyp-1…
View article: Regulation and Functions of the ER-Associated Nrf1 Transcription Factor
Regulation and Functions of the ER-Associated Nrf1 Transcription Factor Open
Nrf1 is a member of the nuclear erythroid 2-like family of transcription factors that regulate stress-responsive gene expression in animals. Newly synthesized Nrf1 is targeted to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where it is N-glycosylated. N…
View article: DEPCOD: a tool to detect and visualize co-evolution of protein domains
DEPCOD: a tool to detect and visualize co-evolution of protein domains Open
Proteins with similar phylogenetic patterns of conservation or loss across evolutionary taxa are strong candidates to work in the same cellular pathways or engage in physical or functional interactions. Our previously published tools imple…
View article: moc-6/MOCS2A is necessary for molybdenum cofactor synthesis in C. elegans
moc-6/MOCS2A is necessary for molybdenum cofactor synthesis in C. elegans Open
The nematode C. elegans has recently emerged as a tractable system for genetic discovery in Moco biology (Warnhoff and Ruvkun 2019; Warnhoff et al. 2021). In C. elegans, endogenous Moco biosynthesis is not required for growth, development,…