Gary Williamson
YOU?
Author Swipe
View article: Dexamethasone enhances intestinal glucose absorption and TMPRSS2 expression with implications for hyperglycaemia and infection risk
Dexamethasone enhances intestinal glucose absorption and TMPRSS2 expression with implications for hyperglycaemia and infection risk Open
Long-term corticosteroid use, including dexamethasone, is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, leading to enhanced hepatic gluconeogenesis and peripheral insulin resistance. This study reveals that dexamethasone additional…
View article: The effects of whole foods and dietary patterns on flow-mediated dilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
The effects of whole foods and dietary patterns on flow-mediated dilation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Open
The systematic review provides evidence that fruits, vegetables, soy, nuts and seeds, cocoa, and tea, as well as following a Mediterranean diet are the most effective dietary strategies for improving endothelial function as measured by FMD…
View article: Structure-activity relationship of (poly)phenols on human salivary α-amylase: A stepwise in vitro/in silico analysis of interfacial inhibition
Structure-activity relationship of (poly)phenols on human salivary α-amylase: A stepwise in vitro/in silico analysis of interfacial inhibition Open
Dietary (poly)phenols (PPs) can reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by inhibiting digestive enzymes. As starchy food digestion begins with human salivary α-amylases (HSA) acting on solid food surfaces, a process previously overlo…
View article: Dietary (poly)phenols mitigate the risk of metabolic disease via gut mechanisms
Dietary (poly)phenols mitigate the risk of metabolic disease via gut mechanisms Open
Delaying carbohydrate digestion and glucose absorption, via inhibition of gastrointestinal α-amylase, α-glucosidase and glucose transporter activities, is an effective strategy to alleviate postprandial hyperglycaemia, which is a major ris…
View article: Association between advanced glycation end-products and depression and anxiety scores in healthy adults
Association between advanced glycation end-products and depression and anxiety scores in healthy adults Open
Nearly half of all Australians (42.9%) will experience a mental health disorder during their lifetime (1) . Preliminary research suggests an association between dietary and tissue advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and mental health co…
View article: α-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone Reduces Blood Glucose Across Species
α-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone Reduces Blood Glucose Across Species Open
Peripheral administration of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) promotes glucose uptake in skeletal muscle via a melanocortin 5 receptor (MC5R)-dependent mechanism in rodents. Here we demonstrate that this pathway is functional in hu…
View article: Impact of Glucose, Inflammation and Phytochemicals on ACE2, TMPRSS2 and Glucose Transporter Gene Expression in Human Intestinal Cells
Impact of Glucose, Inflammation and Phytochemicals on ACE2, TMPRSS2 and Glucose Transporter Gene Expression in Human Intestinal Cells Open
Inflammation is associated with the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and COVID-19. Phytochemicals have the potential to modulate inflammation, expression of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry receptors (angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and tra…
View article: Bioavailability of Food Polyphenols: Current State of Knowledge
Bioavailability of Food Polyphenols: Current State of Knowledge Open
(Poly)phenols, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, and tannins, are a diverse class of compounds found in plant-based foods and beverages. Their bioavailability has been extensively described and detailed metabolic pathways elucidated. A…
View article: Extended recommendations on the nomenclature for microbial catabolites of dietary (poly)phenols, with a focus on isomers
Extended recommendations on the nomenclature for microbial catabolites of dietary (poly)phenols, with a focus on isomers Open
There is an increasing body of evidence indicating that phenolic compounds derived from microbiota-mediated breakdown of dietary (poly)phenolics in the colon are at least partially responsible for the beneficial effects of a plant-based di…
View article: Time-of-day-dependent effects of a green tea extract on postprandial glycemia and insulinemia in healthy adults: a randomized, controlled, double-blind, cross-over intervention
Time-of-day-dependent effects of a green tea extract on postprandial glycemia and insulinemia in healthy adults: a randomized, controlled, double-blind, cross-over intervention Open
Time-of-day-dependent effects of a green tea extract on postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations. Created with https://www.biorender.com/ and the female photo taken from https://www.vecteezy.com/.
View article: Inhibition of Human Salivary and Pancreatic α-Amylase by Resveratrol Oligomers
Inhibition of Human Salivary and Pancreatic α-Amylase by Resveratrol Oligomers Open
A key strategy to mitigate postprandial hyperglycemia involves inhibiting α-amylases, which commence the starch digestion process in the gut. This study examined the inhibitory effects of resveratrol and stilbenoid tetramers, vaticanol B, …
View article: Nutrient Composition, Physical Characteristics and Sensory Quality of Spinach-Enriched Wheat Bread
Nutrient Composition, Physical Characteristics and Sensory Quality of Spinach-Enriched Wheat Bread Open
Food innovation that utilises agricultural waste while enhancing nutritional value is important for waste valorisation and consumer health. This study investigated incorporating spinach (Spinacia oleracea), as a model leafy agricultural wa…
View article: (Poly)phenols and dietary fiber in beans: Metabolism and nutritional impact in the gastrointestinal tract
(Poly)phenols and dietary fiber in beans: Metabolism and nutritional impact in the gastrointestinal tract Open
A daily diet including common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has been linked to numerous health benefits due to their rich nutritional profile. Beans contain high levels of dietary fiber and (poly)phenols (flavonoids, phenolic acids and tan…
View article: The flavonoid quercetin decreases <scp>ACE2</scp> and <scp>TMPRSS2</scp> expression but not <scp>SARS‐CoV</scp>‐2 infection in cultured human lung cells
The flavonoid quercetin decreases <span>ACE2</span> and <span>TMPRSS2</span> expression but not <span>SARS‐CoV</span>‐2 infection in cultured human lung cells Open
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) binds to angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) on host cells, via its spike protein, and transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2) cleaves the spike‐ACE2 complex to facilitate …
View article: Inhibition of human starch digesting enzymes and intestinal glucose transport by walnut polyphenols
Inhibition of human starch digesting enzymes and intestinal glucose transport by walnut polyphenols Open
One approach to controlling type 2 diabetes (T2D) is to lower postprandialglucose spikesby slowing down the digestion of carbohydrates and the absorption of glucose in the small intestine. The consumption of walnuts is associated with a re…
View article: Structure-function relationships in (poly)phenol-enzyme binding: Direct inhibition of human salivary and pancreatic α-amylases
Structure-function relationships in (poly)phenol-enzyme binding: Direct inhibition of human salivary and pancreatic α-amylases Open
(Poly)phenols inhibit α-amylase by directly binding to the enzyme and/or by forming starch-polyphenol complexes. Conventional methods using starch as the substrate measure inhibition from both mechanisms, whereas the use of shorter oligosa…
View article: A novel approach to the dual sugar test for the assessment of intestinal epithelium permeability in response to exertional heat stress and nutritional intervention
A novel approach to the dual sugar test for the assessment of intestinal epithelium permeability in response to exertional heat stress and nutritional intervention Open
An acute increase in intestinal epithelium permeability is induced by prolonged exertion in the heat, resulting in the translocation of pathogenic bacteria and endotoxins from the lumen into the circulation, causing a systemic inflammatory…
View article: Effect of dietary polyphenols on chronobiology in mammalian cells in vitro
Effect of dietary polyphenols on chronobiology in mammalian cells in vitro Open
Circadian clocks play a key role in metabolic homeostasis, and disruption of circadian rhythms is inextricably intertwined with metabolic disorders [1] . Emerging evidence in the literature suggests that polyphenols possess the potential t…
View article: Investigating the effect of polyphenols from nuts on human carbohydrate digestion in vitro
Investigating the effect of polyphenols from nuts on human carbohydrate digestion in vitro Open
Recent studies have documented the importance of postprandial hyperglycaemia in the incidence of chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes. Inhibition of digestive enzymes, including membrane-bound brush-border α-glucosidases, leads to s…
View article: Dietary phytochemicals as regulators of gut inflammation in the context of type 2 diabetes
Dietary phytochemicals as regulators of gut inflammation in the context of type 2 diabetes Open
Numerous disorders, including type 2 diabetes and even COVID-19, are linked to poor gut health and inflammation (1,2) . In addition to impacting food digestion and absorption, gut inflammation worsens diabetes outcomes by causing gut micro…
View article: Flavonoids and phenolic acids from sugarcane: Distribution in the plant, changes during processing, and potential benefits to industry and health
Flavonoids and phenolic acids from sugarcane: Distribution in the plant, changes during processing, and potential benefits to industry and health Open
Sugarcane ( Saccharum sp.) plants are grown in warmer climates throughout the world and processed to produce sugar as well as other useful byproducts such as molasses and bagasse. Sugarcane is rich in (poly)phenols, but there has been no a…
View article: Molecular interactions between polyphenols and porcine α-amylase: An inhibition study on starch granules probed by kinetic, spectroscopic, calorimetric and in silico techniques
Molecular interactions between polyphenols and porcine α-amylase: An inhibition study on starch granules probed by kinetic, spectroscopic, calorimetric and in silico techniques Open
Inhibition of α-amylase activity to limit the rise in postprandial glucose is one of the most notable effects of dietary plant (poly)phenols. The rate and extent of inhibition depend on many factors, including the structure of (poly)phenol…
View article: A critical examination of human data for the biological activity of quercetin and its phase-2 conjugates
A critical examination of human data for the biological activity of quercetin and its phase-2 conjugates Open
This critical review examines evidence for beneficial effects of quercetin phase-2 conjugates from clinical intervention studies, volunteer feeding trials, and in vitro work. Plasma concentrations of quercetin-3-O-glucuronide (Q3G) and 3'-…
View article: Inhibitory effect of extracts from edible parts of nuts on α-amylase activity: a systematic review
Inhibitory effect of extracts from edible parts of nuts on α-amylase activity: a systematic review Open
The inhibitory effect of extracts from edible parts of nuts on α-amylase activity in vitro , including inhibition of human α-amylase by polyphenol-rich chestnut and almond skin extracts.
View article: Interactions between aspirin and ticagrelor during experimental human endotoxaemia
Interactions between aspirin and ticagrelor during experimental human endotoxaemia Open
Introduction Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin 75-100mg once daily (OD) and the P2Y12 inhibitor ticagrelor is a standard treatment for acute coronary syndromes. De-escalating DAPT to ticagrelor monotherapy reduces bleeding risk…