Gavin Shaddick
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View article: Particulate air pollution from different emission sources, cognitive performance, and cognitive declines in India
Particulate air pollution from different emission sources, cognitive performance, and cognitive declines in India Open
Higher long-term total ambient PM2.5 concentrations and those from residential combustion sources were associated with accelerated cognitive declines. This suggests that intervention in residential sources might reduce or delay …
View article: Data Science and AI for Sustainable Futures: Opportunities and Challenges
Data Science and AI for Sustainable Futures: Opportunities and Challenges Open
Advances in data science and artificial intelligence (AI) offer unprecedented opportunities to provide actionable insights, drive innovative solutions, and create long-term strategies for sustainable development in response to the triple e…
View article: Highly Multivariate Large-scale Spatial Stochastic Processes -- A Cross-Markov Random Field Approach
Highly Multivariate Large-scale Spatial Stochastic Processes -- A Cross-Markov Random Field Approach Open
Key challenges in the analysis of highly multivariate large-scale spatial stochastic processes, where both the number of components (p) and spatial locations (n) can be large, include achieving maximal sparsity in the joint precision matri…
View article: Prioritize environmental sustainability in use of AI and data science methods
Prioritize environmental sustainability in use of AI and data science methods Open
View article: Health impact assessment for air pollution in the presence of regional variation in effect sizes: The implications of using different meta-analytic approaches
Health impact assessment for air pollution in the presence of regional variation in effect sizes: The implications of using different meta-analytic approaches Open
The estimated health effects of air pollution vary between studies, and this variation is caused by factors associated with the study location, hereafter termed regional heterogeneity. This heterogeneity raises a methodological question as…
View article: On the Stochasticity of Reanalysis Outputs of 4D-Var
On the Stochasticity of Reanalysis Outputs of 4D-Var Open
This work is motivated by the ECMWF CAMS reanalysis data, a valuable resource for researchers in environmental-related areas, as they contain the most updated atmospheric composition information on a global scale. Unlike observational data…
View article: Tackling climate change with data science and AI
Tackling climate change with data science and AI Open
<p>In this white paper, we share how The Alan Turing Institute’s <a href="https://www.turing.ac.uk/research/asg">AI for science and government</a> (ASG) programme has been using collaborative and multidisciplinary d…
View article: Higher Household Air Pollution Levels Correlate with Poorer Cognitive Function in the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI)
Higher Household Air Pollution Levels Correlate with Poorer Cognitive Function in the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) Open
Background Indians have some of the highest fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) exposures in the world, not only due to high ambient air levels but also because of household combustion of biomass fuel. To understand the burdens of these expo…
View article: Using a Pangeo platform on Azure to tackle global environmental challenges&#160;
Using a Pangeo platform on Azure to tackle global environmental challenges  Open
<p>The Pangeo project enables interactive, reproducible and scalable environmental research to be carried out using an integrated data-computational platform. Here we demonstrate a few examples that utilise a Pangeo platform on Micro…
View article: Publisher Correction: Dietary shifts can reduce premature deaths related to particulate matter pollution in China
Publisher Correction: Dietary shifts can reduce premature deaths related to particulate matter pollution in China Open
View article: A dynamic microsimulation model for epidemics
A dynamic microsimulation model for epidemics Open
View article: Area level deprivation and monthly COVID-19 cases: The impact of government policy in England
Area level deprivation and monthly COVID-19 cases: The impact of government policy in England Open
View article: Staying Ahead of the Epidemiologic Curve: Evaluation of the British Columbia Asthma Prediction System (BCAPS) During the Unprecedented 2018 Wildfire Season
Staying Ahead of the Epidemiologic Curve: Evaluation of the British Columbia Asthma Prediction System (BCAPS) During the Unprecedented 2018 Wildfire Season Open
Background: The modular British Columbia Asthma Prediction System (BCAPS) is designed to reduce information burden during wildfire smoke events by automatically gathering, integrating, generating, and visualizing data for public health use…
View article: Global Air Quality: An Inter-Disciplinary Approach to Exposure Assessment for Burden of Disease Analyses
Global Air Quality: An Inter-Disciplinary Approach to Exposure Assessment for Burden of Disease Analyses Open
Global assessments of air quality and health require comprehensive estimates of the exposures to air pollution that are experienced by populations in every country. However, there are many countries in which measurements from ground-based …
View article: A critical review of the epidemiological evidence of effects of air pollution on dementia, cognitive function and cognitive decline in adult population
A critical review of the epidemiological evidence of effects of air pollution on dementia, cognitive function and cognitive decline in adult population Open
Dementia is arguably the most pressing public health challenge of our age. Since dementia does not have a cure, identifying risk factors that can be controlled has become paramount to reduce the personal, societal and economic burden of de…
View article: Risk of Osteoarthritis in an Incident Cohort of People With Psoriatic Arthritis: A Population-based Cohort Study
Risk of Osteoarthritis in an Incident Cohort of People With Psoriatic Arthritis: A Population-based Cohort Study Open
Objective. To determine the risk of a diagnosis of osteoarthritis (OA) in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) compared to patients with psoriasis and a general population cohort. Methods. Incident PsA patients aged 18–89 years at diagn…
View article: Half the world’s population are exposed to increasing air pollution
Half the world’s population are exposed to increasing air pollution Open
View article: Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Monotherapy Versus Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis: Combined Analysis of European Biologics Databases
Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Monotherapy Versus Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Psoriatic Arthritis: Combined Analysis of European Biologics Databases Open
Objective. To investigate whether tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) combination therapy with conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARD) is more effective for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and/or improves TNFi d…
View article: A study of obesity, BMI, smoking and alcohol as risk factors for psoriatic arthritis
A study of obesity, BMI, smoking and alcohol as risk factors for psoriatic arthritis Open
Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) is a progressive and often destructive joint disease affecting approximately 20% of people with psoriasis. PsA causes pain, swelling and joint stiffness and is accompanied by chronic skin disease and can lead to a…
View article: 肥胖、BMI、吸烟和饮酒作为银屑病关节炎风险因素的研究
肥胖、BMI、吸烟和饮酒作为银屑病关节炎风险因素的研究 Open
银屑病性关节炎 (PsA) 是一种进行性且通常具有破坏性的关节疾病,影响约 20% 的银屑病患者。PsA 引起疼痛、肿胀和关节僵硬,并伴有慢性皮肤病,并可能导致生活质量下降。 了解发生 PsA 的风险因素有所帮助。这项英国研究的目的是研究银屑病患者中肥胖、体重指数 (BMI) 变化、饮酒、吸烟状态和 PsA 的发生之间的关联。从匿名医疗记录中收集数据并进行分析。 作者发现,发生 PsA 的风险增加与 BMI 升高、中度饮酒和曾经戒烟状态有关。此外,与 10 年期间 BMI …
View article: Electric field and air ion exposures near high voltage overhead power lines and adult cancers: a case control study across England and Wales
Electric field and air ion exposures near high voltage overhead power lines and adult cancers: a case control study across England and Wales Open
Background Various mechanisms have been postulated to explain how electric fields emitted by high voltage overhead power lines, and the charged ions they produce, might be associated with possible adult cancer risk, but this has not previo…
View article: Where Is the Clean Air? A Bayesian Decision Framework for Personalised Cyclist Route Selection Using R-INLA
Where Is the Clean Air? A Bayesian Decision Framework for Personalised Cyclist Route Selection Using R-INLA Open
Exposure to air pollution in the form of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is known to cause diseases and cancers. Consequently, the public are increasingly seeking health warnings associated with levels of PM2.5 using mobile phone applicati…
View article: A general theory for preferential sampling in environmental networks
A general theory for preferential sampling in environmental networks Open
This paper presents a general model framework for detecting the preferential sampling of environmental monitors recording an environmental process across space and/or time. This is achieved by considering the joint distribution of an envir…
Early response to anti-TNF predicts long-term outcomes including sustained remission: an analysis of the BSRBR-RA Open
View article: Ambient Air Pollution and Cognition in India
Ambient Air Pollution and Cognition in India Open
OPS 53: Air pollution and neurological outcomes, Room 217, Floor 2, August 27, 2019, 10:30 AM - 12:00 PM Background/Aim: Indians experience some of the highest air pollution levels in the world. We aimed to study if ambient PM2.5 levels ar…
View article: Towards an assessment of the health impact of industrially contaminated sites: waste landfills in Europe
Towards an assessment of the health impact of industrially contaminated sites: waste landfills in Europe Open
Background/aims:
Industrially Contaminated Sites (ICSs) represent a relevant public health issue. Within the COST Action ICSHNet, a method for assessing the health impact of pollution from contaminated sites using available large European…
View article: Advances in spatiotemporal models for non-communicable disease surveillance
Advances in spatiotemporal models for non-communicable disease surveillance Open
Surveillance systems are commonly used to provide early warning detection or to assess an impact of an intervention/policy. Traditionally, the methodological and conceptual frameworks for surveillance have been designed for infectious dise…
View article: Multivariate Hierarchical Modelling of Household Air Pollution
Multivariate Hierarchical Modelling of Household Air Pollution Open
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the Statistical Modelling Society via the link in this record
View article: Data integration for high-resolution, continental-scale estimation of air pollution concentrations
Data integration for high-resolution, continental-scale estimation of air pollution concentrations Open
Air pollution constitutes the highest environmental risk factor in relation to heath. In order to provide the evidence required for health impact analyses, to inform policy and to develop potential mitigation strategies comprehensive infor…
View article: No one knows which city has the highest concentration of fine particulate matter
No one knows which city has the highest concentration of fine particulate matter Open