Gene‐Jack Wang
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View article: Methylphenidate Reshapes Cortical Hierarchy: Linking Functional Gradients to Striatal Dopaminergic Function and Performance
Methylphenidate Reshapes Cortical Hierarchy: Linking Functional Gradients to Striatal Dopaminergic Function and Performance Open
Dopaminergic signaling shapes large-scale brain network architecture, constraining neural communication along a principal gradient that spans unimodal sensorimotor to transmodal association cortices. While more differentiated gradients are…
View article: Neural basis for individual differences in the attention-enhancing effects of methylphenidate
Neural basis for individual differences in the attention-enhancing effects of methylphenidate Open
Stimulant drugs that boost dopamine, like methylphenidate (MP), enhance attention and are effective treatments for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Yet there is large individual variation in attentional capacity and respons…
View article: Methylphenidate Promotes a Frontoparietal-Dominant Brain State Improving Cognitive Performance: A Randomized Trial
Methylphenidate Promotes a Frontoparietal-Dominant Brain State Improving Cognitive Performance: A Randomized Trial Open
Methylphenidate (MP) is a widely used stimulant medication for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder that enhances brain dopamine signaling and improves attention. However, how dopamine stimulation alters brain state dy…
View article: Obesity is associated with progressive brain structural changes
Obesity is associated with progressive brain structural changes Open
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between obesity (OB) progression and brain structural changes. Methods T1‐weighted magnetic resonance images were acquired from 258 participants with overweight (OW) or OB…
View article: The Limbic System in Co-Occurring Substance Use and Anxiety Disorders: A Narrative Review Using the RDoC Framework
The Limbic System in Co-Occurring Substance Use and Anxiety Disorders: A Narrative Review Using the RDoC Framework Open
Substance use disorders (SUDs) and anxiety disorders (ADs) are highly comorbid, a co-occurrence linked to worse clinical outcomes than either condition alone. While the neurobiological mechanisms involved in SUDs and anxiety disorders are …
View article: Reduced brain network segregation in alcohol use disorder: Associations with neurocognition
Reduced brain network segregation in alcohol use disorder: Associations with neurocognition Open
The human brain consists of functionally segregated networks, characterized by strong connections among regions belonging to the same network and weak connections between those of different networks. Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associate…
View article: The Limbic System in Co-Occurring Substance Use and Anxiety Disorders: A Narrative Review Using a Dimensional Framework
The Limbic System in Co-Occurring Substance Use and Anxiety Disorders: A Narrative Review Using a Dimensional Framework Open
Substance use disorders (SUDs) and anxiety disorders are highly comorbid, a co-occurrence linked to worse clinical outcomes than either condition alone. While the neurobiological mechanisms involved in SUDs and anxiety disorders are well u…
View article: FTO variant is associated with changes in BMI, ghrelin, and brain function following bariatric surgery
FTO variant is associated with changes in BMI, ghrelin, and brain function following bariatric surgery Open
BACKGROUNDA polymorphism in the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) is linked to enhanced neural sensitivity to food cues and attenuated ghrelin suppression. Risk allele carriers regain more weight than noncarriers after bariatric s…
View article: Methylphenidate enhances a frontoparietal-dominant brain state improving cognitive performance
Methylphenidate enhances a frontoparietal-dominant brain state improving cognitive performance Open
Background Methylphenidate (MP) is a widely used stimulant medication for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that enhances brain dopamine signaling and improves attention. However, how dopamine stimulation alt…
View article: Ketogenic diet reduces a neurobiological craving signature in inpatients with alcohol use disorder
Ketogenic diet reduces a neurobiological craving signature in inpatients with alcohol use disorder Open
Background and aims Increasing evidence suggests that a ketogenic (high-fat, low-carbohydrate) diet (KD) intervention reduces alcohol withdrawal severity and alcohol craving in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) by shifting brain …
View article: Obesity is associated with alterations in anatomical connectivity of frontal-corpus callosum
Obesity is associated with alterations in anatomical connectivity of frontal-corpus callosum Open
Obesity has been linked to abnormal frontal function, including the white matter fibers of anterior portion of the corpus callosum, which is crucial for information exchange within frontal cortex. However, alterations in white matter anato…
View article: Examining the role of dopamine in methylphenidate’s effects on resting brain function
Examining the role of dopamine in methylphenidate’s effects on resting brain function Open
The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and global functional connectivity density (gFCD) are fMRI (Functional MRI) metrics widely used to assess resting brain function. However, their differential sensitivity to stimulant-induc…
View article: Neuroimaging in Adolescents: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Risk for Substance Use Disorders
Neuroimaging in Adolescents: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Risk for Substance Use Disorders Open
Trauma in childhood and adolescence has long-term negative consequences in brain development and behavior and increases the risk for psychiatric disorders. Among them, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during adolescence illustrates th…
View article: Neural circuit selective for fast but not slow dopamine increases in drug reward
Neural circuit selective for fast but not slow dopamine increases in drug reward Open
The faster a drug enters the brain, the greater its addictive potential, yet the brain circuits underlying the rate dependency to drug reward remain unresolved. With simultaneous PET-fMRI we linked dynamics of dopamine signaling, brain act…
View article: Neurological, Behavioral, and Pathophysiological Characterization of the Co-Occurrence of Substance Use and HIV: A Narrative Review
Neurological, Behavioral, and Pathophysiological Characterization of the Co-Occurrence of Substance Use and HIV: A Narrative Review Open
Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has greatly reduced the severity of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in people living with HIV (PLWH); however, PLWH are more likely than the general population to use drugs and suffer from sub…
View article: Neuroimaging in Adolescents: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Risk for Substance Use Disorders
Neuroimaging in Adolescents: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Risk for Substance Use Disorders Open
Trauma in childhood and adolescence has long-term negative consequences in brain development and behavior and increases the risk for psychiatric disorders. Among them, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during adolescence illustrates th…
View article: Ketogenic diet reduces a neurobiological craving signature in alcohol use disorder
Ketogenic diet reduces a neurobiological craving signature in alcohol use disorder Open
Background and Aims Increasing evidence suggests that a ketogenic (high-fat, low-carbohydrate) diet intervention reduces alcohol withdrawal severity and alcohol craving in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) by shifting brain energ…
View article: Associations between body mass index, sleep-disordered breathing, brain structure, and behavior in healthy children
Associations between body mass index, sleep-disordered breathing, brain structure, and behavior in healthy children Open
Pediatric overweight/obesity can lead to sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), abnormal neurological and cognitive development, and psychiatric problems, but the associations and interactions between these factors have not been fully explored.…
View article: Neural correlates of decreased impulsivity during delay discounting task after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Neural correlates of decreased impulsivity during delay discounting task after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy Open
Objective The goal of this study was to investigate laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG)‐induced changes in choice impulsivity and the neural correlates in individuals with obesity (OB). Methods The study employed functional magnetic reso…
View article: 0693 Rest-activity rhythm in Methadone and Buprenorphine-maintained patients
0693 Rest-activity rhythm in Methadone and Buprenorphine-maintained patients Open
Introduction Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a chronic relapsing disorder with a high overdose death rate. In OUD, sleep and circadian disruptions are highly prevalent, interfere with retention in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) and increa…
View article: Brain functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging of obesity and weight loss interventions
Brain functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging of obesity and weight loss interventions Open
Obesity has tripled over the past 40 years to become a major public health issue, as it is linked with increased mortality and elevated risk for various physical and neuropsychiatric illnesses. Accumulating evidence from neuroimaging studi…
View article: Associations among body mass index, working memory performance, gray matter volume, and brain activation in healthy children
Associations among body mass index, working memory performance, gray matter volume, and brain activation in healthy children Open
To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying the association between poorer working memory performance and higher body mass index (BMI) in children. We employed structural-(sMRI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with a 2…
View article: Age-related differences in striatal dopamine D1 receptors mediate subjective drug effects
Age-related differences in striatal dopamine D1 receptors mediate subjective drug effects Open
To the Editor: The brain's dopamine system is critical for cognition, reward, and motivation.It plays a crucial role in the reinforcing effects of drugs with addiction potential as well as in some of their therapeutic effects (e.g., stimul…
View article: Obesity is associated with decreased gray matter volume in children: a longitudinal study
Obesity is associated with decreased gray matter volume in children: a longitudinal study Open
Childhood obesity has become a global health problem. Previous studies showed that childhood obesity is associated with brain structural differences relative to controls. However, few studies have been performed with longitudinal evaluatio…