Gerad Freeman
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Which factors dominate the levelized costs of subsurface hydrogen storage in Pennsylvania, United States Open
The transition to a hydrogen future in the US will be driven by the demand for low-carbon energy carriers and enabled by the development of a robust hydrogen supply chain. Storing large quantities of hydrogen in the subsurface will likely …
View article: Subsurface Hydrogen Assessment, Storage, and Technology Acceleration (SHASTA) - Hydrogen Estimator for Logistical Planning (HELP) User’s Manual
Subsurface Hydrogen Assessment, Storage, and Technology Acceleration (SHASTA) - Hydrogen Estimator for Logistical Planning (HELP) User’s Manual Open
This user’s manual describes version 1.0 of the SHASTA-HELP (Subsurface Hydrogen Assessment, Storage, and Technology Acceleration (SHASTA) - Hydrogen Estimator for Logistical Planning (HELP)) tool and provides instructions for use. The pur…
Local-Scale Framework for Techno-Economic Analysis of Subsurface Hydrogen Storage Open
The energy sector is evolving toward increased reliance on renewable energy technologies to meet state, national, and organization decarbonization goals. This trend is creating challenges and opportunities with meeting current and future e…
Underground storage of hydrogen and hydrogen/methane mixtures in porous reservoirs: Influence of reservoir factors and engineering choices on deliverability and storage operations Open
Seasonal storage of natural gas (NG), which primarily consists of methane (CH4), has been practiced for more than a hundred years at underground gas storage (UGS) facilities that use depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs, saline aquifers, and sa…
View article: Characterizing Hydrogen Storage Potential in U.S. Underground Gas Storage Facilities
Characterizing Hydrogen Storage Potential in U.S. Underground Gas Storage Facilities Open
Underground hydrogen storage is a long‐duration energy storage option for a low‐carbon economy. Although research into the technical feasibility of underground hydrogen storage is ongoing, existing underground gas storage (UGS) facilities …
View article: SHASTA-HELP
SHASTA-HELP Open
This tool contains functionality for estimating the storage potential of pure and blended natural gas-hydrogen mixtures in various subsurface formations and is intended to be used for pre-characterization or site screening purposes. Detail…
View article: Designing Hydropower Flows to Balance Energy and Environmental Needs (HydroWIRES Topic A Final Project Report)
Designing Hydropower Flows to Balance Energy and Environmental Needs (HydroWIRES Topic A Final Project Report) Open
Hydropower is expected to play a new role in the US electricity grid as more variable renewable energy sources like wind and solar come online. Wind and solar generation increase fluctuations in electrical supply increasing the value of fl…
View article: Hydrogen Storage Potential in U.S. Underground Gas Storage Facilities
Hydrogen Storage Potential in U.S. Underground Gas Storage Facilities Open
Underground hydrogen storage is a potential long-duration energy storage option for a low-carbon economy. While research into the technical feasibility of hydrogen storage in various geologic formations is ongoing, existing underground gas…
View article: Subsurface Hydrogen and Natural Gas Storage (State of Knowledge and Research Recommendations Report)
Subsurface Hydrogen and Natural Gas Storage (State of Knowledge and Research Recommendations Report) Open
Global efforts to decrease carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions will result in increased reliance on renewable energy sources. One of the most significant obstacles to implementing this transition is the need for energy storage to compensate for…
Could on-site fuel storage economically reduce power plant-gas grid dependence in pipeline constrained areas like New England? Open
In the Northeastern United States, natural gas supply constraints have led to periods when gas shortages have caused up to a quarter of all unscheduled power plant outages. Dual fuel oil/gas generators or local gas storage might mitigate g…
Energy-Flow-Environment Linkage Map Open
Understanding how flexibility in environmental requirements can facilitate co-optimization of hydropower production outcomes and environmental outcomes is critical for future grid decision-making and operations as renewable energy resource…
What causes natural gas fuel shortages at U.S. power plants? Open
Using 2012–2018 power plant failure data from the North American Electric Reliability Corporation, we examine how many fuel shortage failures at gas power plants were caused by physical interruptions of gas flow as opposed to operational p…