Explanipedia

Artificial gravity protects bone and prevents bone marrow adipose tissue accumulation in humans during 60 d of bed rest Open

Kathryn Culliton, Gerd Melkus, Adnan Sheikh, Tong Liu, Alain Berthiaume , et al. · 2025

Inactivity has been associated with increased bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) and bone loss. Artificial gravity (AG) may prevent these complications. This randomized controlled trial investigated the effectiveness of AG at 2 g at the fee…

E.1 The role of the glymphatic system in the neurodegeneration associated to Multiple Sclerosis Open

N Nersesyan Kocharyan, Gerd Melkus, Ashraf Reda, M. S. Freedman, Rafael Glikstein · 2025

Background: Recent research highlights the glymphatic system’s role in clearing waste from the central nervous system. Its dysfunction is linked to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, but its impact on multiple scl…

Effect of artificial gravity on calcaneal bone marrow adipose tissue and mineral content in female and male participants in 60 days of bed rest Open

Tammy Liu, Gerd Melkus, Tim Ramsay, Alain Berthiaume, Gabriele Armbrecht , et al. · 2025

Modulation of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) with prolonged inactivity was reported in haemopoietic but not in non‐haemopoietic bones. This prospective randomized controlled trial submitted 16 men and 8 women to 60 days of 6° head‐down‐…

Plasma-derived protein and imaging biomarkers distinguish disease severity in oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy Open

Ian C. P. Smith, Marcos Loreto Sampaio, Gerd Melkus, Kaitlynn Meier-Ross, Shaoni Chakraborty , et al. · 2024

Background: Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) is a rare, late-onset, slowly progressive neuromuscular disorder characterized by ptosis, dysphagia, and proximal limb weakness. Emerging clinical trials require rapidly accessible and …

Five‐Year Serial Brain MRI Analysis of Military Members Exposed to Chronic Sub‐Concussive Overpressures Open

Rafael Glikstein, Gerd Melkus, Eduardo Portela de Oliveira, Maria Lucia Brun‐Vergara, Betty Anne Schwarz , et al. · 2024

Background The Canadian Special Operations Forces Command conducts explosives operations and training which exposes members to explosive charges at close proximity. This 5‐year longitudinal trial was conducted in follow‐up to our initial t…

Biallelic SOX8 Variants Associated With Novel Syndrome With Myopathy, Skeletal Deformities, Intellectual Disability, and Ovarian Dysfunction Open

Jodi Warman‐Chardon, Taila Hartley, Aren E. Marshall, Arran McBride, Madeline Couse , et al. · 2023

Our findings associate SOX8 variants with this novel condition, highlight how complex genome regulation can complicate novel disease-gene identification, and provide insight into the molecular pathogenesis of this disease.

Bone marrow adiposity modulation after long duration spaceflight in astronauts Open

Tammy Liu, Gerd Melkus, Tim Ramsay, Adnan Sheikh, Odette Laneuville , et al. · 2023

Space travel requires metabolic adaptations from multiple systems. While vital to bone and blood production, human bone marrow adipose (BMA) tissue modulation in space is unknown. Here we show significant downregulation of the lumbar verte…

Direct mapping of kidney function by DCE-MRI urography using a tetrazinanone organic radical contrast agent Open

Nicholas D. Calvert, Alexia Kirby, Mojmı́r Suchý, Peter J. Pallister, Aidan A. Torrens , et al. · 2023

Prevalence of ‘Fat-Poor’ Adrenal Adenomas at Chemical-Shift MRI. Open

Meshary Aldhufian, Jana Sheinis Pickovsky, Hana Alfaleh, Gerd Melkus, Nicola Schieda · 2023

Objective: To determine the prevalence of ‘fat-poor’ adrenal adenomas at chemical-shift-MRI. Materials and Methods: This prospective IRB approved study identified 104 consecutive patients with 127 indeterminate adrenal masses that underwen…

CJN volume 50 issue 3 Cover and Front matter Open

Wilson Fung, Alfonso Fasano, Charles Krieger, Sanjay Kalra, Shelley L. Forrest , et al. · 2023

An abstract is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to this content, a full PDF is available via the ‘Save PDF’ action button.

Clinical Features, Non-Contrast CT Radiomic and Radiological Signs in Models for the Prediction of Hematoma Expansion in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Open

Zejia Chen, Liying Zhang, André Carrington, Rebecca E. Thornhill, Olivier Miguel , et al. · 2023

Purpose Rapid identification of hematoma expansion (HE) risk at baseline is a priority in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients and may impact clinical decision making. Predictive scores using clinical features and Non-Contract Computed …

Novel Homozygous Variant in COQ7 in Siblings With Hereditary Motor Neuropathy Open

Ian C. P. Smith, Chantal A. Pileggi, Ying Wang, Kristin D. Kernohan, Taila Hartley , et al. · 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) is an important electron carrier and antioxidant. The COQ7 enzyme catalyzes the hydroxylation of 5-demethoxyubiquinone-10 (DMQ(10)), the second-to-last step in the CoQ(10) biosynthesis pa…

MRI Graph Parameters are Longitudinal Markers of Neuronal Integrity in Multiple Sclerosis Open

Milad Hamwi, Simon Thebault, Gerd Melkus, Angela M. Auriat, Alex Pham , et al. · 2023

Diagnostic Accuracy of MRS in the Preoperative Identification of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutation in Patients with Gliomas Open

Fahad Alkherayf, Thanh Nguyen, Gerd Melkus, Ryan Gotfrit, Carlos Torres , et al. · 2023

Motor Band Sign in Motor Neuron Disease: A Marker for Upper Motor Neuron Involvement Open

Hee Sahng Chung, Gerd Melkus, Pierre R. Bourque, Santanu Chakraborty · 2022

Background and Objective: The prevalence and role of the motor band sign (MBS) remain unclear in motor neuron disease. We report the frequency of MBS in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and primary lateral sclerosis (PLS), its correlati…

Quantitative analysis of repaired rabbit supraspinatus tendons (± channeling) using magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla Open

Guy Trudel, Samuel Duchesne-Bélanger, Justin G. Thomas, Gerd Melkus, Greg O. Cron , et al. · 2021

Supraspinatus tendons detached for 1 week had shorter T2 relaxation time compared to contralateral as measured with 7T MRI.

What Is the Correlation Among dGEMRIC, T1p, and T2* Quantitative MRI Cartilage Mapping Techniques in Developmental Hip Dysplasia? Open

Gerd Melkus, Paul E. Beaulé, Geoffrey Wilkin, Kawan Rakhra · 2020

Background Delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) is a validated technique for evaluating cartilage health in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), which can be a helpful prognosticator for the response to surgical trea…

IMG-21. PROSPECTIVE PREOPERATIVE DETERMINATION OF ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE MUTATION IN GLIOMAS USING SPECTRAL EDITING MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY Open

Thanh Nguyen, Gerd Melkus, Michael S. Taccone, Diana Ghinda, Carlos Torres , et al. · 2020

BACKGROUND Gliomas are the most common malignant brain tumors in children and adults. A subset of these tumors harbour mutations in the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) which produces the novel oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG).…

Periacetabular osteotomy with or without arthroscopic management in patients with hip dysplasia: study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial Open

Geoffrey Wilkin, Stéphane Poitras, John C. Clohisy, Étienne L. Belzile, Ira Zaltz , et al. · 2020

Marrow adipose tissue gradient is preserved through high protein diet and bed rest. A randomized crossover study Open

Guy Trudel, Gerd Melkus, Adnan Sheikh, Tim Ramsay, Odette Laneuville · 2019

This pilot study established that the lumbar vertebral MAT gradient was not altered by a high protein nor by 2 × 21days bed rest interventions. These findings demonstrated that this lack of mechanical stimulus was not an important modulato…

Does Cartilage Degenerate in Asymptomatic Hips With Cam Morphology? Open

George Grammatopoulos, Gerd Melkus, Kawan Rakhra, Paul E. Beaulé · 2019

Background The management of asymptomatic individuals with cam femoral morphology that predisposes their hips to femoroacetabular impingement has received little attention. Such hips may have subclinical articular damage; however, whether …

Unravelling the hip pistol grip/cam deformity: Origins to joint degeneration Open

Paul E. Beaulé, George Grammatopoulos, Andrew Speirs, K. C. Geoffrey Ng, Sasha Carsen , et al. · 2018

This article reviews a body of work performed by the investigators over 9 years that has addressed the significance of cam morphology in the development of hip osteoarthritis (OA). Early hip joint degeneration is a common clinical presenta…

P.044 Prospective clinical detection of 2-hydroxyglutarate to predict IDH-mutant gliomas using magnetic resonance spectroscopy: preliminary results Open

M Taccone, Thi Viet Ha Nguyen, John Woulfe, Ioana Moldovan, Gerd Melkus , et al. · 2017

Background: With the advent of the 2016 WHO classification of tumours, prognostically distinct subclasses of glioma have been revealed. A subset of gliomas which harbor the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation have a survival advantage.…

Imaging of the rabbit supraspinatus enthesis at 7 Tesla: a 4‐week time course after repair surgery and effect of channeling Open

Guy Trudel, Gerd Melkus, Greg O. Cron, Hakim Louati, Adnan Sheikh , et al. · 2017

Purpose To image the supraspinatus enthesis reformation of rabbit shoulders by magnetic resonance at 7 Tesla (T) using T2 mapping after surgical repair and to assess the effects of channeling aimed at enhancing enthesis reformation. Materi…

Defining the role of corticotropin releasing factor binding protein in alcohol consumption Open

Carolina L. Haass‐Koffler, Amelia Henry, Gerd Melkus, Jeffrey A. Simms, Mohammed Naemmuddin , et al. · 2016

On the averaging of cardiac diffusion tensor MRI data: the effect of distance function selection Open

Archontis Giannakidis, Gerd Melkus, Guang Yang, G.T. Gullberg · 2016

Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DT-MRI) allows a unique insight into the microstructure of highly-directional tissues. The selection of the most proper distance function for the space of diffusion tensors is crucial in enhanci…

T1ρ Hip Cartilage Mapping in Assessing Patients With Cam Morphology: How Can We Optimize the Regions of Interest? Open

Helen Anwander, Kawan Rakhra, Gerd Melkus, Paul E. Beaulé · 2016

Level III, diagnostic study.

Kartogenin treatment prevented joint degeneration in a rodent model of osteoarthritis: A pilot study Open

Geetha Mohan, Sergey Magnitsky, Gerd Melkus, Karupppasamy Subburaj, Galateia J. Kazakia , et al. · 2016

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a major degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive loss of articular cartilage, synovitis, subchondral bone changes, and osteophyte formation. Currently there is no treatment for OA except temporary pain…

T1ρ MRI detects cartilage damage in asymptomatic individuals with a cam deformity Open

Helen Anwander, Gerd Melkus, Kawan Rakhra, Paul E. Beaulé · 2015

Hips with a cam deformity are at risk for early cartilage degeneration, mainly in the anterolateral region of the joint. T1ρ MRI is a described technique for assessment of proteoglycan content in hyaline cartilage and subsequently early ca…

Metabolic architecture of the cereal grain and its relevance to maximize carbon use efficiency Open

Hardy Rolletschek, Eva Grafahrend‐Belau, E. Muñz, Volodymyr Radchuk, Ralf Kartäusch , et al. · 2015

Here, we have characterized the spatial heterogeneity of the cereal grain's metabolism and demonstrated how, by integrating a distinct set of metabolic strategies, the grain has evolved to become an almost perfect entity for carbon storage…

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