Graham Simmons
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View article: Spike and nucleocapsid antibody dynamics following <scp>SARS</scp>‐<scp>CoV</scp>‐2 infection and vaccination: Implications for sourcing <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 convalescent plasma from routinely collected blood donations
Spike and nucleocapsid antibody dynamics following <span>SARS</span>‐<span>CoV</span>‐2 infection and vaccination: Implications for sourcing <span>COVID</span>‐19 convalescent plasma from routinely collected blood donations Open
Background COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP) remains a treatment option for immunocompromised patients; however, the current FDA qualification threshold of ≥200 BAU/mL of spike antibody appears to be relatively low. We evaluated the level…
View article: Comparative Evaluation of Select Serological Assays for Zika Virus Using Blinded Reference Panels
Comparative Evaluation of Select Serological Assays for Zika Virus Using Blinded Reference Panels Open
In response to the 2015 Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic that occurred in Brazil, numerous commercial serological assays have been developed for clinical and research applications. Diagnosis of recent infection in pregnant women remains challeng…
View article: Vaccine-Boosted CCP Decreases Virus Replication and Hastens Resolution of Infection Despite Transiently Enhancing Disease in SARS-CoV-2–Infected Hamsters
Vaccine-Boosted CCP Decreases Virus Replication and Hastens Resolution of Infection Despite Transiently Enhancing Disease in SARS-CoV-2–Infected Hamsters Open
Definitive data demonstrating the utility of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) convalescent plasma (CCP) for treating immunocompromised patients remains elusive. To better understand the mechanism of action of CCP, we studied viral repli…
View article: NL63 solvated
NL63 solvated Open
Solvated input model for explicit solvent simulations
View article: NL63 solvated
NL63 solvated Open
Solvated input model for explicit solvent simulations
View article: NL63 solvated
NL63 solvated Open
Solvated input model for explicit solvent simulations
View article: Administration of vaccine-boosted COVID-19 convalescent plasma to SARS-CoV-2 infected hamsters decreases virus replication in lungs and hastens resolution of the infection despite transiently enhancing disease and lung pathology
Administration of vaccine-boosted COVID-19 convalescent plasma to SARS-CoV-2 infected hamsters decreases virus replication in lungs and hastens resolution of the infection despite transiently enhancing disease and lung pathology Open
The utility of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) for treatment of immunocompromised patients who are not able to mount a protective antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 and who have contraindications or adverse effects from currently avai…
View article: Human galectin-9 potently enhances SARS-CoV-2 replication and inflammation in airway epithelial cells
Human galectin-9 potently enhances SARS-CoV-2 replication and inflammation in airway epithelial cells Open
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has caused a global economic and health crisis. Recently, plasma levels of galectin-9 (Gal-9), a β-galactoside-binding lectin involved in immune regulation and viral…
View article: Standardized evaluation of Zika nucleic acid tests used in clinical settings and blood screening
Standardized evaluation of Zika nucleic acid tests used in clinical settings and blood screening Open
Early detection of Zika virus (ZIKV) transmission within geographic regions informs implementation of community mitigation measures such as vector reduction strategies, travel advisories, enhanced surveillance among pregnant women, and pos…
View article: Plasma transfusion–transmission of Zika virus in mice and macaques
Plasma transfusion–transmission of Zika virus in mice and macaques Open
Background Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemics with infections in pregnant women are associated with severe neurological disease in newborns. Although an arbovirus, ZIKV is also blood transfusion‐transmitted (TT). Greater knowledge of the efficien…
View article: Structural insights into the modulation of coronavirus spike tilting and infectivity by hinge glycans
Structural insights into the modulation of coronavirus spike tilting and infectivity by hinge glycans Open
Identification of glycans on HCoV-NL63 S glycoproteins by mass spectrometry
View article: Characterization of pathogen‐inactivated <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 convalescent plasma and responses in transfused patients
Characterization of pathogen‐inactivated <span>COVID</span>‐19 convalescent plasma and responses in transfused patients Open
Background Efficacy of donated COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (dCCP) is uncertain and may depend on antibody titers, neutralizing capacity, timing of administration, and patient characteristics. Study Design and Methods In a single‐center hy…
View article: Frequent detection but lack of infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in presymptomatic, infected blood donor plasma
Frequent detection but lack of infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in presymptomatic, infected blood donor plasma Open
Respiratory viruses such as influenza do not typically cause viremia; however, SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in the blood of COVID-19 patients with mild and severe symptoms. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in blood raises questions about its role i…
View article: Exploring antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of thiol drugs in COVID-19
Exploring antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of thiol drugs in COVID-19 Open
The redox status of the cysteine-rich SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (SARS-2-S) is important for the binding of SARS-2-S to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), suggesting that drugs with a functional thiol group (“thiol drugs”) may clea…
View article: Mitigating the risk of transfusion‐transmitted infections with vector‐borne agents solely by means of pathogen reduction
Mitigating the risk of transfusion‐transmitted infections with vector‐borne agents solely by means of pathogen reduction Open
Background This study evaluated whether pathogen reduction technology (PRT) in plasma and platelets using amotosalen/ultraviolet A light (A/UVA) or in red blood cells using amustaline/glutathione (S‐303/GSH) may be used as the sole mitigat…
View article: The Tetraspanin CD81 Is a Host Factor for Chikungunya Virus Replication
The Tetraspanin CD81 Is a Host Factor for Chikungunya Virus Replication Open
In this study, we discover the tetraspanin CD81 as a host factor for the globally emerging chikungunya virus and related alphaviruses. We show that CD81 promotes replication of viral genomes in human and mouse cells, while virus entry into…
View article: Early post-infection treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infected macaques with human convalescent plasma with high neutralizing activity had no antiviral effects but moderately reduced lung inflammation
Early post-infection treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infected macaques with human convalescent plasma with high neutralizing activity had no antiviral effects but moderately reduced lung inflammation Open
Early in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, there was a high level of optimism based on observational studies and small controlled trials that treating hospitalized patients with convalescent plasma from COVID-19 survivors (CCP) would be an importan…
View article: Topologically engineered antibodies and Fc-fusion proteins: a new class of multifunctional therapeutic candidates for SARS-CoV-2, cancer, and other disease
Topologically engineered antibodies and Fc-fusion proteins: a new class of multifunctional therapeutic candidates for SARS-CoV-2, cancer, and other disease Open
The ability of antibodies and Fc-fusion proteins to bind multiple targets cooperatively is limited by their topology. Here we describe our discovery that ACE2 Fc-fusion proteins spontaneously cross-dimerize, forming topologically distinct …
View article: Human Galectin-9 Potently Enhances SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Inflammation in Airway Epithelial Cells
Human Galectin-9 Potently Enhances SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Inflammation in Airway Epithelial Cells Open
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has caused a global economic and health crisis. Recently, plasma levels of galectin-9 (Gal-9), a β-galactoside-binding lectin involved in immune regulation and viral…
View article: Evaluation of Commercially Available High-Throughput SARS-CoV-2 Serologic Assays for Serosurveillance and Related Applications
Evaluation of Commercially Available High-Throughput SARS-CoV-2 Serologic Assays for Serosurveillance and Related Applications Open
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serosurveys can estimate cumulative incidence for monitoring epidemics, requiring assessment of serologic assays to inform testing algorithm development and interpretation of res…
View article: Antibody profiles in <scp>COVID</scp>‐19 convalescent plasma prepared with amotosalen/<scp>UVA</scp> pathogen reduction treatment
Antibody profiles in <span>COVID</span>‐19 convalescent plasma prepared with amotosalen/<span>UVA</span> pathogen reduction treatment Open
Background COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP), from donors recovered from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection, is one of the limited therapeutic options currently available for the treatment of critically…