Explanipedia

Enduring Outcomes of COVID-19 Work Absences on the US Labor Market Open

Julia Dennett, Evan Soltas, Gopi Shah Goda, Thomas Thornhill, Kevin Werner , et al. · 2025

Importance Although the adverse outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic on the US labor market have been well documented, the impacts of ongoing SARS-CoV-2 circulation are less clear. Objective To determine the extent to which COVID-19 continues…

Still we rise: research on bias and discrimination will endure Open

Gregg Gonsalves · 2025

Clade Ia Monkeypox Virus Linked to Sexual Transmission, Democratic Republic of the Congo, August 2024 Open

Jean-Claude Makangara-Cigolo, Kelly-Michel Kenye, Lygie Lunyanga, Daan Jansen, Eddy Kinganda-Lusamaki , et al. · 2025

Several concurrent mpox outbreaks are ongoing in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. We report a case of severe clade Ia mpox in an adult woman with indeterminate HIV status who died 16 days after symptom onset. She self-identified as a …

Assessing mpox knowledge and sexual behaviours within high-risk populations in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Open

Candice Lemaille, Megan Halbrook, Sydney Merritt, Yvon Anta, Lygie Lunyanga , et al. · 2025

Background Historically, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has faced the greatest public health burden from mpox, including more than 70,000 probable cases from 01 January 2024 to 02 February 2025. However, there has been a relati…

Mpox vaccination strategies in DR Congo – Author's reply Open

Gregg Gonsalves · 2025

Reflections on Advocacy as a Foundation of Global Health Law Open

Gregg Gonsalves · 2025

Law can function and act on norms, through legislation, regulation, treaties and the like. Law can also be a key accompaniment to activism. The career of Larry Gostin represents both aspects of the law in achieving social change.

Trends in Opioid Use Disorder in the Veterans Health Administration, 2005-2022 Open

Lauren Gorfinkel, Carol A. Malte, David S. Fink, Zachary L. Mannes, Melanie M. Wall , et al. · 2024

Importance Given the personal and social burdens of opioid use disorder (OUD), understanding time trends in OUD prevalence in large patient populations is key to planning prevention and treatment services. Objective To examine trends in th…

Modelling vaccination approaches for mpox containment and mitigation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Open

Alexandra Savinkina, Jason Kindrachuk, Isaac I. Bogoch, Anne W. Rimoin, Nicole A. Hoff , et al. · 2024

Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Canadian International Development Research Centre, US Department of Defense (Defense Threat Reduction Agency, Mpox Threat Reduction Network), Global Affairs Canada (Weapons Threat Reduction Program)…

Integrating testing volume into bandit algorithms for infectious disease surveillance Open

Joshua L. Warren, Ottavia Prunas, A. David Paltiel, Thomas Thornhill, Gregg Gonsalves · 2024

Mobile testing services provide opportunities for active surveillance of infectious diseases for hard-to-reach and/or high-risk individuals who do not know their disease status. Identifying as many infected individuals as possible is impor…

The evolution of selection bias in the recent epidemiologic literature—a selective overview Open

Haidong Lu, Chanelle J. Howe, Paul N. Zivich, Gregg Gonsalves, Daniel Westreich · 2024

Selection bias has long been central in methodological discussions across epidemiology and other fields. In epidemiology, the concept of selection bias has been continually evolving over time. In this issue of American Journal of Epidemiol…

Projecting the Potential Clinical and Economic Impact of HIV Prevention Resource Reallocation in Tennessee Open

Ethan D. Borre, Aima A. Ahonkhai, K Arieen Kevin, Amna Osman, Krista Thayer , et al. · 2024

Background In 2023, Tennessee replaced $6.2 M in US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention funding with state funds to redirect support away from men who have sex with men (MSM), tran…

The surge of mpox in Africa: a call for action Open

Jean B. Nachega, Nadia A. Sam‐Agudu, Dimie Ogoina, Placide Mbala‐Kingebeni, Francine Ntoumi , et al. · 2024

The Evolution of Selection Bias in the Recent Epidemiologic Literature—A Selective Overview Open

Haidong Lu, Chanelle J. Howe, Paul N. Zivich, Gregg Gonsalves, Daniel Westreich · 2024

Selection bias has long been central in methodological discussions across epidemiology and other fields. In epidemiology, the concept of selection bias has been continually evolving over time. In this issue of the Journal, Mathur and Shpit…

Comparing frequency of booster vaccination to prevent severe COVID-19 by risk group in the United States Open

Hailey J. Park, Gregg Gonsalves, Sophia T. Tan, J. Daniel Kelly, George W. Rutherford , et al. · 2024

There is a public health need to understand how different frequencies of COVID-19 booster vaccines may mitigate the risk of severe COVID-19, while accounting for waning of protection and differential risk by age and immune status. By analy…

Accessibility of Opioid Treatment Programs Based on Conventional vs Perceived Travel Time Measures Open

Junghwan Kim, Jinhyung Lee, Thomas Thornhill, Julia Dennett, Haidong Lu , et al. · 2024

Importance Transportation barriers have long been associated with poorer health outcomes; this burden is especially acute for individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD), a chronic disease often associated with low socioeconomic status. Con…

Heat Exposure and Drug Overdose Mortality in the United States: A Quasi-Experimental Study Open

Julia Dennett, Daniel Carrión, David A. Fiellin, Gregg Gonsalves · 2024

Modeling Vaccination Approaches for Mpox Containment and Mitigation in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Open

Alexandra Savinkina, Jason Kindrachuk, Isaac I. Bogoch, Anne W. Rimoin, Nicole A. Hoff , et al. · 2024

Clade I–Associated Mpox Cases Associated with Sexual Contact, the Democratic Republic of the Congo Open

Emile Malembi Kibungu, Emmanuel Hasivirwe Vakaniaki, Eddy Kinganda-Lusamaki, Thierry Kalonji-Mukendi, Elisabeth Pukuta , et al. · 2023

We report a cluster of clade I monkeypox virus infections linked to sexual contact in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Case investigations resulted in 5 reverse transcription PCR-confirmed infections; genome sequencing suggest they be…

965. Projecting the Potential Clinical and Economic Impact of HIV Prevention Resource Reallocation in Tennessee Open

Ethan D. Borre, Aimalohi A. Ahonkhai, Kyu-young Chi, Amna Osman, Krista Thayer , et al. · 2023

Background In 2023, the State of Tennessee rejected $6.2M in US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HIV prevention funding, redirecting support away from men who have sex with men (MSM), transgender women (TGW), people who inj…

Selection Bias Requires Selection: The Case of Collider Stratification Bias Open

Haidong Lu, Gregg Gonsalves, Daniel Westreich · 2023

In epidemiology, collider stratification bias, the bias resulting from conditioning on a common effect of two causes, is oftentimes considered a type of selection bias, regardless of the conditioning methods employed. In this commentary, w…

Mortality, incarceration and cost implications of fentanyl felonization laws: A modeling study Open

Alexandra Savinkina, Cole Jurecka, Gregg Gonsalves, Joshua A. Barocas · 2023

COVID-19 annual update: a narrative review Open

Michela Biancolella, Vito Luigi Colona, Lucio Luzzatto, Jessica Watt, Giorgio Mattiuz , et al. · 2023

Early OxyContin Marketing Linked To Long-Term Spread Of Infectious Diseases Associated With Injection Drug Use Open

Julia Dennett, Gregg Gonsalves · 2023

The initial marketing of the opioid analgesic OxyContin in 1996 increased fatal drug overdoses over the course of the opioid epidemic in the US. However, the long-term impacts of this marketing on complications of injection drug use, a key…

Comparing frequency of booster vaccination to prevent severe COVID-19 by risk group in the United States Open

Hailey J. Park, Gregg Gonsalves, Sophia T. Tan, J. Daniel Kelly, George W. Rutherford , et al. · 2023

There is a public health need to understand how different frequencies of COVID-19 booster vaccines may mitigate the risk of severe COVID-19, while accounting for waning of protection and differential risk by age and immune status. By analy…

Using Bandit Algorithms to Maximize SARS-CoV-2 Case-Finding: Evaluation and Feasibility Study Open

Michael F. Rayo, Daria Faulkner, David Kline, Thomas Thornhill, Samuel S. Malloy , et al. · 2023

Background The Flexible Adaptive Algorithmic Surveillance Testing (FAAST) program represents an innovative approach for improving the detection of new cases of infectious disease; it is deployed here to screen and diagnose SARS-CoV-2. With…

Population-Level Health Effects of Involuntary Displacement of People Experiencing Unsheltered Homelessness Who Inject Drugs in US Cities Open

Joshua A. Barocas, Samantha K. Nall, Sarah Axelrath, Courtney Pladsen, Alaina Boyer , et al. · 2023

Importance At least 500 000 people in the US experience homelessness nightly. More than 30% of people experiencing homelessness also have a substance use disorder. Involuntary displacement is a common practice in responding to unsheltered …

Increased HIV Transmissions With Reduced Insurance Coverage for HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis: Potential Consequences of<i>Braidwood Management v. Becerra</i> Open

A. David Paltiel, Ali R Ahmed, Elena Y Jin, Meredithe McNamara, Kenneth A. Freedberg , et al. · 2023

A US federal court recently ruled against requiring health insurers to cover human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) under the Affordable Care Act. For every 10% decrease in PrEP coverage resulting from this rulin…

Patterns of Infectious Disease Associated With Injection Drug Use in Massachusetts Open

Gregg Gonsalves, A. David Paltiel, Thomas Thornhill, Alfred DeMaria, Kevin Cranston , et al. · 2023

Background Since 2014, multiple outbreaks of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among people who inject drugs have occurred across the United States along with hepatitis C virus (HCV), skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), and infective…

Planning for Mpox on a College Campus: A Model-Based Decision-Support Tool Open

Alexandra Savinkina, Melanie H. Chitwood, Jiye Kwon, Virginia E. Pitzer, Gregg Gonsalves , et al. · 2023

National Institutes of Health National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

Geographic and temporal trends in fentanyl-detected deaths in Connecticut, 2009–2019 Open

Haidong Lu, Forrest W. Crawford, Gregg Gonsalves, Lauretta E. Grau · 2023

Gregg Gonsalves YOU? Author Swipe