Gregory A. Foster
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View article: HIV Subtypes and Drug-resistance-associated Mutations in US Blood Donors, 2015–2020
HIV Subtypes and Drug-resistance-associated Mutations in US Blood Donors, 2015–2020 Open
Background Monitoring genotypes of HIV infections in blood donors may provide insights into infection trends in the general population. Methods HIV RNA was extracted from plasma samples of blood donors confirmed as HIV positive by blood sc…
View article: Mitigating the risk of transfusion‐transmitted infections with vector‐borne agents solely by means of pathogen reduction
Mitigating the risk of transfusion‐transmitted infections with vector‐borne agents solely by means of pathogen reduction Open
Background This study evaluated whether pathogen reduction technology (PRT) in plasma and platelets using amotosalen/ultraviolet A light (A/UVA) or in red blood cells using amustaline/glutathione (S‐303/GSH) may be used as the sole mitigat…
View article: Evaluating the Safety of West Nile Virus Immunity During Congenital Zika Virus Infection in Mice
Evaluating the Safety of West Nile Virus Immunity During Congenital Zika Virus Infection in Mice Open
Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a phenomenon that occurs when cross-reactive antibodies generated from a previous flaviviral infection increase the pathogenesis of a related virus. Zika virus (ZIKV) is the most recent flavivirus in…
View article: Sex differences in cytokine production following West Nile virus infection: Implications for symptom manifestation
Sex differences in cytokine production following West Nile virus infection: Implications for symptom manifestation Open
West Nile virus (WNV) infection outcomes vary among individuals, with most infections resulting in asymptomatic or mild flu-like symptoms. We previously reported an association between early cytokine production and symptom outcome followin…
View article: Investigational Testing for Zika Virus among U.S. Blood Donors
Investigational Testing for Zika Virus among U.S. Blood Donors Open
Screening of U.S. blood donations for ZIKV by individual-donation TMA was costly and had a low yield. Among the 9 confirmed ZIKV-positive donations, only 4 were IgM-negative; of these donations, all 3 that were tested were reactive on mini…
View article: Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Vaccine-Induced Human Antibodies Mediate Negligible Enhancement of Zika Virus Infection <i>In</i> <i>Vitro</i> and in a Mouse Model
Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Vaccine-Induced Human Antibodies Mediate Negligible Enhancement of Zika Virus Infection <i>In</i> <i>Vitro</i> and in a Mouse Model Open
The relationship between serial infections of two different serotypes of dengue virus and more severe disease courses is well-documented in the literature, driven by so-called antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). Recently, studies have sh…
View article: Enhancement of Zika virus pathogenesis by preexisting antiflavivirus immunity
Enhancement of Zika virus pathogenesis by preexisting antiflavivirus immunity Open
One antibody for all and all antibodies for one Antibodies against related flavi-viruses such as dengue (DENV) and West Nile (WNV) can cross-react with Zika virus (ZIKV) and could thereby increase disease severity. Bardina et al. tested wh…
View article: Genetic Variability of West Nile Virus in U.S. Blood Donors from the 2012 Epidemic Season
Genetic Variability of West Nile Virus in U.S. Blood Donors from the 2012 Epidemic Season Open
West Nile virus (WNV) is an arbovirus maintained in nature in a bird-mosquito enzootic cycle which can also infect other vertebrates including humans. WNV is now endemic in the United States (U.S.), causing yearly outbreaks that have resul…
View article: Differences in Early Cytokine Production Are Associated With Development of a Greater Number of Symptoms Following West Nile Virus Infection
Differences in Early Cytokine Production Are Associated With Development of a Greater Number of Symptoms Following West Nile Virus Infection Open
Collectively, our data suggest that, although an early type I interferon response appears to be crucial to control WNV infection, successful immunity may require a modest early response that is maintained during the course of infection.
View article: Distribution of Dengue Virus Types 1 and 4 in Blood Components from Infected Blood Donors from Puerto Rico
Distribution of Dengue Virus Types 1 and 4 in Blood Components from Infected Blood Donors from Puerto Rico Open
DENV was present in all tested components from most donors, and viral RNA was not preferentially distributed in any of the tested components. Infectious DENV was also present in similar proportions in cultured plasma, clot and CCWB samples…