Gregory A. Johnson
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View article: PSVI-15 Influences on bacterial diversity of the beef cow uterine microbiome.
PSVI-15 Influences on bacterial diversity of the beef cow uterine microbiome. Open
In the beef cattle industry, over $1 billion is lost annually due to reproductive failure during early gestation. Shifts in bacterial communities have been associated with endogenous estradiol concentrations and pregnancy status. However, …
View article: 110 Glycine supplementation activates MTOR cell signaling in skeletal muscle and enhances the growth of sow-reared IUGR pigs.
110 Glycine supplementation activates MTOR cell signaling in skeletal muscle and enhances the growth of sow-reared IUGR pigs. Open
Glycine has the greatest rate of deposition in whole-body proteins among all amino acids in neonates, but is remarkably deficient in the milk of mammals including pigs, humans, and cows. Results of our recent studies indicate that piglets …
View article: 316 Maternal citrulline supplementation increases fetal growth and programs postnatal pancreatic development in the lamb.
316 Maternal citrulline supplementation increases fetal growth and programs postnatal pancreatic development in the lamb. Open
Arginine, a conditionally essential amino acid, has been shown to reduce the incidence of fetal growth restriction following maternal malnutrition, while stimulating development of the pancreas. Despite these beneficial outcomes, supplemen…
View article: Maternal Dietary Citrulline Supplementation Increases Fetal Growth and Programs Pancreatic Development in the Lambs
Maternal Dietary Citrulline Supplementation Increases Fetal Growth and Programs Pancreatic Development in the Lambs Open
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), caused by maternal undernutrition, impairs fetal growth and increases the risk for postnatal metabolic dysfunction. L-arginine can mitigate these effects; however, its use in sheep is limited by rumi…
View article: Novel Aspects of the Physiology of Pregnancy in Domestic Ruminants
Novel Aspects of the Physiology of Pregnancy in Domestic Ruminants Open
Mammals exhibit unique and highly variable mechanisms for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Ruminants (e.g., sheep, cows, and goats) have novel mechanisms whereby the conceptus (embryo and its extra-embryonic membranes) signa…
View article: Characterization of the expression of XPR1 in ovine utero-placental tissues
Characterization of the expression of XPR1 in ovine utero-placental tissues Open
In brief Phosphate plays a critical role in conceptus development, yet the mechanisms regulating utero-placental availability remain underinvestigated. This research characterized the spatiotemporal expression and endocrine regulation of X…
View article: Effects of dietary supplementation of creatine on fetal development in gilts at d 60 and d 90 of gestation
Effects of dietary supplementation of creatine on fetal development in gilts at d 60 and d 90 of gestation Open
Background The creatine-creatine kinase-phosphocreatine (Cr-CK-PCr) system maintains intracellular ratios of ATP/ADP for support of cellular functions and has been characterized at the placental-uterine interface of rodents, primates, swin…
View article: Increased functional potency of multi-edited CAR-T cells manufactured by a non-viral transfection system
Increased functional potency of multi-edited CAR-T cells manufactured by a non-viral transfection system Open
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy represents a breakthrough for the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, to treat solid tumors and certain hematologic cancers, next-generation CAR-T cells require further genetic m…
View article: Progesterone regulates tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) expression and activity in ovine utero-placental tissues
Progesterone regulates tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP) expression and activity in ovine utero-placental tissues Open
Background Tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNSALP; encoded by the ALPL gene) has a critical role in the postnatal regulation of phosphate homeostasis, yet how TNSALP activity and expression are regulated during pregnancy remain l…
View article: Early Embryonic Development in Agriculturally Important Species
Early Embryonic Development in Agriculturally Important Species Open
The fertilization of oocytes ovulated by pigs, sheep, cows, and horses is not considered a limiting factor in successful establishment of pregnancy. Pig, sheep, and cow embryos undergo cleavage to the blastocyst stage, hatch from the zona …
View article: Metabolism and Nutrition of L-Glutamate and L-Glutamine in Ruminants
Metabolism and Nutrition of L-Glutamate and L-Glutamine in Ruminants Open
Although both L-glutamate (Glu) and L-glutamine (Gln) have long been considered nutritionally nonessential in ruminants, these two amino acids have enormous nutritional and physiological importance. Results of recent studies revealed that …
View article: Immunohistochemical examination of the uteroplacental interface of cows on days 21, 31, 40, and 67 of gestation
Immunohistochemical examination of the uteroplacental interface of cows on days 21, 31, 40, and 67 of gestation Open
In brief Cattle are classified as having synepitheliochorial placentation in which the majority of the uterine luminal epithelial cells remain intact with some luminal epithelial cells fusing with binucleate trophoblast cells to form syncy…
View article: Integrins and their potential roles in mammalian pregnancy
Integrins and their potential roles in mammalian pregnancy Open
Integrins are a highly complex family of receptors that, when expressed on the surface of cells, can mediate reciprocal cell-to-cell and cell-to-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions leading to assembly of integrin adhesion complexes (IA…
View article: Synthesis of glycine from 4-hydroxyproline in tissues of neonatal pigs with intrauterine growth restriction
Synthesis of glycine from 4-hydroxyproline in tissues of neonatal pigs with intrauterine growth restriction Open
This study tested the hypothesis that the synthesis of glycine from 4-hydroxyproline (an abundant amino acid in milk and neonatal blood) was impaired in tissues of piglets with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), thereby contributing t…
View article: Synthesis of glycine from 4-hydroxyproline in tissues of neonatal pigs
Synthesis of glycine from 4-hydroxyproline in tissues of neonatal pigs Open
Glycine from sow’s milk only meets 20% of the requirement of suckling piglets. However, how glycine is synthesized endogenously in neonates is not known. This study determined glycine synthesis from 4-hydroxyproline (an abundant amino acid…
View article: Review: Implantation and placentation in ruminants
Review: Implantation and placentation in ruminants Open
Ruminants have a unique placenta in comparison to other mammalian species. Initially, they possess a non-invasive epitheliochorial type of placenta during conceptus elongation. As the conceptus trophectoderm begins to attach to the luminal…
View article: Dietary supplementation with L-citrulline improves placental angiogenesis and embryonic survival in gilts
Dietary supplementation with L-citrulline improves placental angiogenesis and embryonic survival in gilts Open
This study was conducted with gilts as an animal model to test the hypothesis that dietary supplementation with L-citrulline (Cit) improves placental angiogenesis and embryonic survival. Between Days 14 and 25 of gestation, each gilt was f…
View article: Dietary supplementation with 0.4% L-arginine between days 14 and 30 of gestation enhances NO and polyamine syntheses and water transport in porcine placentae
Dietary supplementation with 0.4% L-arginine between days 14 and 30 of gestation enhances NO and polyamine syntheses and water transport in porcine placentae Open
Background Most embryonic loss in pigs occurs before d 30 of gestation. Dietary supplementation with L -arginine (Arg) during early gestation can enhance the survival and development of conceptuses (embryo/fetus and its extra-embryonic mem…
View article: 278 Awardee Talk: Progesterone Regulates the Abundance of Mrnas and Proteins Involved in Polyamine Metabolism in the Sheep Endometrium
278 Awardee Talk: Progesterone Regulates the Abundance of Mrnas and Proteins Involved in Polyamine Metabolism in the Sheep Endometrium Open
Agmatine and polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, and spermine), metabolites of L-arginine, are important for development of mammalian conceptuses. The objective of this study was to determine if exogenous progesterone administered during t…
View article: Osteopontin (OPN)/Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) Binds Integrins to Activate Transport of Ions Across the Porcine Placenta
Osteopontin (OPN)/Secreted Phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) Binds Integrins to Activate Transport of Ions Across the Porcine Placenta Open
Background: Fetal-placental development depends on a continuous and efficient supply of nutrients from maternal blood that are acquired by exchange through the placenta. However, the placenta is a low permeability barrier, and effective tr…
View article: Effects of exogenous progesterone on the expression of mineral regulatory molecules by ovine endometrium and placentomes
Effects of exogenous progesterone on the expression of mineral regulatory molecules by ovine endometrium and placentomes Open
This study aimed to determine whether the acceleration of conceptus development induced by the administration of exogenous progesterone (P4) during the preimplantation period of pregnancy alters calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D signaling …
View article: Effects of progesterone and interferon tau on ovine endometrial phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D signaling
Effects of progesterone and interferon tau on ovine endometrial phosphate, calcium, and vitamin D signaling Open
Given recent reports of expression of postnatal mineral transport regulators at the maternal–conceptus interface during the peri-implantation period, this study tested the hypothesis that progesterone (P4) and interferon tau (IFNT) regulat…
View article: Microarray analysis reveals an important role for dietary L-arginine in regulating global gene expression in porcine placentae during early gestation
Microarray analysis reveals an important role for dietary L-arginine in regulating global gene expression in porcine placentae during early gestation Open
Background: Increasing the dietary provision of L-arginine to pregnant swine beginning at Day 14 of gestation enhances embryonic survival, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Objective: This study determined the effects of d…
View article: Integrin Adhesion Complex Organization in Sheep Myometrium Reflects Changing Mechanical Forces during Pregnancy and Postpartum
Integrin Adhesion Complex Organization in Sheep Myometrium Reflects Changing Mechanical Forces during Pregnancy and Postpartum Open
Cells respond to extracellular mechanical forces through the assembly of integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) that provide a scaffold through which cells sense and transduce responses to those forces. IACs are composed of transmembrane integ…
View article: Pre-implantation exogenous progesterone and pregnancy in sheep. II. Effects on fetal-placental development and nutrient transporters in late pregnancy
Pre-implantation exogenous progesterone and pregnancy in sheep. II. Effects on fetal-placental development and nutrient transporters in late pregnancy Open
Background Administration of progesterone (P4) to ewes during the first 9 to 12 days of pregnancy accelerates blastocyst development by day 12 of pregnancy, likely due to P4-induced up-regulation of key genes in uterine epithelia responsib…
View article: Pre-implantation exogenous progesterone and pregnancy in sheep: I. polyamines, nutrient transport, and progestamedins
Pre-implantation exogenous progesterone and pregnancy in sheep: I. polyamines, nutrient transport, and progestamedins Open
View article: 410 Steroids Regulate SLC2A1 and SLC2A3 to Deliver Glucose into Trophectoderm for Metabolism via Glycolysis
410 Steroids Regulate SLC2A1 and SLC2A3 to Deliver Glucose into Trophectoderm for Metabolism via Glycolysis Open
The conceptuses (embryo/fetus and placental membranes) of pigs require energy to support elongation and implantation, and amounts of glucose and fructose increase in the uterine lumen during the peri-implantation period. Conceptuses from D…
View article: Conceptus-uterus interactions in pigs: endometrial gene expression in response to estrogens and interferons from conceptuses
Conceptus-uterus interactions in pigs: endometrial gene expression in response to estrogens and interferons from conceptuses Open
This review highlights information on conceptus-uterus interactions in the pig with respect to uterine gene expression in response to estrogens and interferons (IF Ns) secreted from elongating conceptuses. Pig conceptuses release estrogens…
View article: Select nutrients and glucose transporters in pig uteri and conceptuses
Select nutrients and glucose transporters in pig uteri and conceptuses Open
View article: Adverse organogenesis and predisposed long-term metabolic syndrome from prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter
Adverse organogenesis and predisposed long-term metabolic syndrome from prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter Open
Significance Although exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) during pregnancy is linked to high risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes and long-term postnatal health, limited mechanistic data exist to assess these impacts under controlled e…