Hao Zha
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View article: CALM Before the STORM: Unlocking Native Reasoning for Optimization Modeling
CALM Before the STORM: Unlocking Native Reasoning for Optimization Modeling Open
Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in complex multi-step reasoning, opening new opportunities for automating optimization modeling. However, existing domain adaptation methods, originally designed for earli…
View article: Local FLASH Radiation Exhibits Double-Edged Effect in Mice Immune System
Local FLASH Radiation Exhibits Double-Edged Effect in Mice Immune System Open
View article: Unraveling the Redox Mechanisms Underlying FLASH Radiotherapy: Critical Dose Thresholds and NRF2-Driven Tissue Sparing
Unraveling the Redox Mechanisms Underlying FLASH Radiotherapy: Critical Dose Thresholds and NRF2-Driven Tissue Sparing Open
FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) achieves tumor control comparable to conventional dose-rate irradiation (CONV-RT) while significantly reducing radiation damage to normal tissues. However, the physical conditions triggering the FLASH sparing …
View article: Transient study of beam instability due to beam loading in standing-wave low-energy electron linear accelerators
Transient study of beam instability due to beam loading in standing-wave low-energy electron linear accelerators Open
This work studies the transient beam instability caused by beam loading within the macropulse in standing-wave (SW) low-energy electron linear accelerators (linacs). A general model is presented to predict the transient outcomes of SW lina…
View article: Instantaneous dose rate as a crucial factor in reducing mortality and normal tissue toxicities in murine total-body irradiation: a comparative study of dose rate combinations
Instantaneous dose rate as a crucial factor in reducing mortality and normal tissue toxicities in murine total-body irradiation: a comparative study of dose rate combinations Open
Purpose The ultra-high dose rate (UHDR) radiation shows promise in eradicating tumors while reducing normal tissue toxicities. However, the biological outcomes of UHDR are influenced by various factors, particularly the mean dose rate and …
View article: Design of a 100-MeV compact VHEE beam line in Tsinghua University
Design of a 100-MeV compact VHEE beam line in Tsinghua University Open
A 100-MeV Compact Electron Accelerator design has been proposed for Very High Energy Electron (VHEE) radiotherapy research at Tsinghua University. The microwave source for this system is a 50 MW X-band klystron, paired with a pulse compres…
View article: Design, fabrication and test of parallel-coupled slow-wave high-gradient structure for ultrashort input power pulses
Design, fabrication and test of parallel-coupled slow-wave high-gradient structure for ultrashort input power pulses Open
Tsinghua University has designed an X-band (11.424 GHz) slow-wave parallel-coupling accelerating structure, and demonstrated the high performance of the over-coupled structure operating with ultrashort pulse. In this study, we redesigned a…
View article: Influencing Factors of the FLASH Effect: Unveiling the Importance of Free Radicals
Influencing Factors of the FLASH Effect: Unveiling the Importance of Free Radicals Open
Purpose: Our aim was to elucidate the critical factors responsible for inducing the FLASH effect, focusing on the role of free radicals through simulation and experimental approaches. Methods and Materials: The whole abdomen of C57BL/6 mic…
View article: A Magnetic Compression method for sub-THz electron beam generation from RF freqencies
A Magnetic Compression method for sub-THz electron beam generation from RF freqencies Open
Current THz electron sources struggle with low energy gain and device miniaturization. We propose a magnetic compression method designed for relativistic electrons to perform post-compression on the beam from radiofrequency accelerators, t…
View article: Design and test of an <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>X</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:math>-band constant gradient structure
Design and test of an -band constant gradient structure Open
A light source project named very compact inverse Compton scattering gamma-ray source (VIGAS) is under development at Tsinghua University. VIGAS aims to generate monochromatic high-energy gamma rays by colliding 350-MeV electron beams with…
View article: Longitudinal compression of a macrorelativistic electron beam
Longitudinal compression of a macrorelativistic electron beam Open
We present a novel concept of longitudinal bunch train compression that can manipulate a relativistic electron beam across hundreds of meters. This concept holds the potential to compress the electron beam produced by a conditional linear …
View article: Development of an X-band RF gun with four-feed coupler
Development of an X-band RF gun with four-feed coupler Open
With the high accelerating gradient, radiofrequency (rf) gun has a significant feature of suppressing the growth of transverse emittance caused by space charge. Field emission cathodes were first used in vac-uum electronic devices, which d…
View article: <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>X</mml:mi></mml:math>-band two-stage rf pulse compression system with correction cavity chain
-band two-stage rf pulse compression system with correction cavity chain Open
A compact X-band two-stage rf pulse compression system has been successfully designed, fabricated, and tested at Tsinghua X-band high-power test stand. The pulse compression system consists of a correction cavity chain, a first-stage, and …
View article: Analysis and design of parallel-coupled high-gradient structure for ultrashort input power pulses
Analysis and design of parallel-coupled high-gradient structure for ultrashort input power pulses Open
Shortening the pulse length of input power is a possible approach to raise the accelerating gradient limit of normal conducting structures. We present a novel design of a parallel-coupled structure that operates at ultrashort input power p…
View article: Design and Measurements of an X-Band 8 MeV Standing-Wave Electron Accelerator
Design and Measurements of an X-Band 8 MeV Standing-Wave Electron Accelerator Open
X-band low-energy electron linear accelerators are attractive to industrial and medical applications due to the compact size. In this work we present tests of an 8 MeV X-band accelerator for industrial use. It adopts the coaxial coupling s…
View article: Development of the X-Band Megawatt-Class Coaxial Magnetrons
Development of the X-Band Megawatt-Class Coaxial Magnetrons Open
X-band coaxial magnetrons are preferred for industrial and medical accelerators owing to the compact size, low cost and high efficiency. A conditioning and high power test stand for X-band magnetrons has been built in Tsinghua University. …
View article: Research and Design of an X-Band 100-MeV Compact Electron Accelerator for Very High Energy Electron Therapy in Tsinghua University
Research and Design of an X-Band 100-MeV Compact Electron Accelerator for Very High Energy Electron Therapy in Tsinghua University Open
A 100-MeV Compact Electron Accelerator scheme based on the Tsinghua X-band (11.424 GHz) High Power Test stand (TPot-X) was proposed for Very High Energy Electron (VHEE) radiotherapy. A pulse compressor with correction cavity chain was desi…
View article: Distribution and Variation of Bolt Bending Moment of Brake Discs under High-speed Rotation
Distribution and Variation of Bolt Bending Moment of Brake Discs under High-speed Rotation Open
：Brake disc bolts play an important role in guaranteeing EMU braking and operation safety.It is of great significance to know the bending moment distribution of brake disc bolts for ensuring their service life.Based on the bending moment t…
View article: Demonstration of a cavity-based pulse compression system for pulse shape correction
Demonstration of a cavity-based pulse compression system for pulse shape correction Open
A compact X-band correction cavity chain (CC) has been successfully designed, fabricated and high power tested for the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) project. The CC consists of eight spherical cavities and four polarizers, and each spheri…
View article: Commissioning the photoinjector of a gamma-ray light source
Commissioning the photoinjector of a gamma-ray light source Open
The Xian gamma-ray light source (XGLS) is a proposed novel high brightness gamma-ray source based on inverse Compton scattering (ICS) between the high brightness electron and laser beams. The photoinjector of the accelerator is one of the …
View article: Design, fabrication, and high-gradient testing of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>X</mml:mi></mml:math>-band choke-mode damped structures
Design, fabrication, and high-gradient testing of -band choke-mode damped structures Open
Choke-mode accelerating structures are higher-order-mode (HOM) damped structures that are relatively simple to fabricate and have low surface magnetic fields. C-band choke-mode accelerating structures have been successfully applied in free…
View article: CCDC 1834423: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
CCDC 1834423: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Open
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available …
View article: Wakefield Suppression in the Main LINAC of the Klystron-Based First Stage of CLIC at 380 GeV
Wakefield Suppression in the Main LINAC of the Klystron-Based First Stage of CLIC at 380 GeV Open
An alternative klystron-based scenario for the first stage of Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) at 380 GeV centre-of-mass energy was proposed. To preserve the beam stability and luminosity of CLIC, the beam-induced transverse long-range wakef…
View article: High-Power Test of a 12 Cell Accelerating Structure Build in Halves
High-Power Test of a 12 Cell Accelerating Structure Build in Halves Open
An X-band 12 cell travelling-wave accelerating structure has been developed and high-power tested at Tsinghua University in China. This structure works at 2⁄3 π at the frequency of 11.424 GHz. It is a 12-cell constant-impedance structure b…
View article: DAMAGE BEHAVIOR OF TUNGSTEN TARGETS FOR 6 MEV LINEAR ACCELERATORS
DAMAGE BEHAVIOR OF TUNGSTEN TARGETS FOR 6 MEV LINEAR ACCELERATORS Open
The target in electron linear accelerator is subjected to high-frequency and intense thermal shocks. Elevated temperatures in the target may lead to target recrystallization, fatigue cracking, creep and vaporization. In this study, experim…
View article: There-Dimensional Simulation of a C-Band 32-Beam Klystron
There-Dimensional Simulation of a C-Band 32-Beam Klystron Open
A 32-beam klystron working at 5.712 GHz has been designed with efficiency of 70% and output power of 3.4 MW. Core oscillations method (COM) is chosen to bunch electrons. The code KlyC is used for 1-D and 1.5-D calculation and a series of p…
View article: CCDC 1834425: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
CCDC 1834425: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Open
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available …
View article: CCDC 1844322: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
CCDC 1844322: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Open
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available …
View article: CCDC 1834424: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
CCDC 1834424: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Open
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available …
View article: Dose Measurement Experiments for Single and Composite Targets in 6 Mev Linear Accelerators
Dose Measurement Experiments for Single and Composite Targets in 6 Mev Linear Accelerators Open
The target in electron linear accelerator plays an im-portant role in the production of photon. Targets of different materials and thicknesses have different X-ray yields. In this study, experiments were carried out to measure the dose rat…