Hans Eichelberger
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Efficiency of Multi-Terminators Method to Reveal Seismic Precursors in Sub-Ionospheric VLF Transmitter Signals: Case Study of Turkey–Syria Earthquakes Mw7.8 of 6 February 2023 Open
This work presents an analysis of the sub-ionospheric VLF transmitter signal disturbances which were detected more than one week before the Turkey–Syria EQ occurrence. We have applied the multi-terminator method when considering amplitude …
Sub-ionospheric VLF/LF waveguide electric field investigation from Mw≥5.0 earthquake events with multiple receivers in Europe Open
Electric field amplitude and phase measurements between narrowband VLF/LF transmitters and receivers in the sub-ionospheric waveguide are affected and altered by man-made and natural sources (Nina 2024; Boudjada et al., 2024a,b). In this s…
View article: Noise reductions of VLF signals and excitation/attenuation of waves with small wave periods before earthquakes
Noise reductions of VLF signals and excitation/attenuation of waves with small wave periods before earthquakes Open
Various types of changes in the characteristics of very low frequency (VLF) signals before earthquakes have been presented during the past few decades. Most of these changes have been observed on data with time sampling of the order of a f…
Investigation of VLF/LF electromagnetic wave propagation as recorded by the receivers of the INFREP network Open
In recent decades, significant efforts have been devoted to understanding and interpreting the link between ionospheric perturbations and natural or anthropogenic phenomena, such as seismic activity, electrical or geomagnetic storms, and u…
Case study of Solar Type III radio bursts recorded in the environment of Saturn’s magnetosphere  Open
We analyze the electric field measurements recorded by the radio and plasma wave experiment (RPWS) onboard Cassini spacecraft. This mission has been designed to study mostly plasma waves and radio emissions in the environment of Saturn (Ga…
Unusual Sunrise and Sunset Terminator Variations in the Behavior of Sub-Ionospheric VLF Phase and Amplitude Signals Prior to the Mw7.8 Turkey Syria Earthquake of 6 February 2023 Open
We report on the recent earthquakes (EQs) that occurred, with the main shock on 6 February 2023, principally in the central southern part of Turkey and northwestern Syria. This region is predisposed to earthquakes because of the tectonic p…
Investigation of VLF/LF electric field variations related to magnitude Mw≥5.5 earthquakes in the Mediterranean region for the year 2023 Open
Strong natural hazards together with their societal impact are usually accompanied by multiple physical phenomena which can be an important information source about the underlying processes.  In this study we statistically analyze the…
Study of ionospheric variations from a global network of VLF antennas Open
We present a system which records electromagnetic signals, in the Very Low Frequency (VLF: 3 kHz – 30 kHz) and Low Frequency (LF: 30 kHz – 300 kHz) range, 24 x 7 x 365, with the goal of identifying ionospheric variations. An in…
Study of VLF phase and amplitude variations before the Turkey Syria Mw 7.8 EQs Open
We investigate the recent earthquakes (EQs) that occurred on 06 February 2023 principally in the central southern part of Turkey and north western of Syria. The tectonic plate movements between Anatolian, Arabian and African plates are wel…
Analysis of Pre-Seismic Ionospheric Disturbances Prior to 2020 Croatian Earthquakes Open
We study the sub-ionospheric VLF transmitter signals recorded by the Austrian Graz station in the year 2020. Those radio signals are known to propagate in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide between the ground and lower ionosphere. The Austrian…
A VLF/LF facility network for preseismic electromagnetic investigations Open
Earthquakes are one of the most frequently occurring natural disasters. Many indications have been collected on the presence of seismo-ionospheric perturbations preceding such tragic phenomena. Radio techniques are the essential tools lead…
Comment on gi-2023-1 Open
Abstract. Earthquakes are one of the most frequently occurring natural disasters. Many indications have been collected on the presence of seismo-ionospheric perturbations preceding such tragic phenomena. Radio techniques are the essential …
A VLF/LF facility network for preseismic electromagnetic investigations Open
Earthquakes are one of the most frequently occurring natural disasters. Many indications have been collected on the presence of seismo-ionospheric perturbations preceding such tragic phenomena. Radio techniques are the essential tools lead…
View article: Case study of radio emission beam associated to very low frequency signal recorded onboard CSES satellite
Case study of radio emission beam associated to very low frequency signal recorded onboard CSES satellite Open
We report on the variation of electric power density linked to very low frequency (VLF) signal observed during the minimum of solar cycle 25. The detected VLF signal is emitted by the NWC radio station localized in the southern hemisphere,…
Sub-ionospheric VLF/LF waveguide variations related to magnitude M>5 earthquakes in the eastern Mediterranean area Open
In this study we examine earthquakes with magnitude M>5 in the year 2022 where the epicenters are crossed by sub-ionospheric narrowband VLF/LF radio links. The study regions are Italy, Aegean area, and the Balkan Peninsula. Ideal suited fo…
VLF transmitter signal variations as detected by Graz facility prior to Croatian earthquakes Open
We report on two earthquakes (EQs) that occurred in Croatia at a distance less than 200 km from the Austrian Graz facility (15.46°E, 47.03°N). Those EQs happened on March 22 and December 29, 2020, with magnitudes of Mw5.4 and Mw6…
View article: Observation of the Earth’s ionosphere variability by IONO/INSPIRE-SAT 7 experiment
Observation of the Earth’s ionosphere variability by IONO/INSPIRE-SAT 7 experiment Open
INSPIRE-SAT 7 is a French 2U CubeSat very similar to the satellite UVSQ-SAT which was launched on 24 January 2021. The main purpose of INSPIRE-SAT 7 is the measurement of the Earth’s radiation budget at the top of the atmos…
Analysis of VLF and LF signal fluctuations recorded by Graz facility prior to earthquakes occurrences Open
<p>We report in our study on earthquakes that occurred in Croatia and Slovenia in the period from 1 Jan. 2020 to 31 Dec. 2021. Those seismic events happened in a localized region confined between 13.46&#176;E and 17.46&#176;E…
Ionospheric sounding experiment IONO onboard CubeSat INSPIRE-SAT 7 Open
<p>INSPIRE-SAT&#160;7 is a French 2 Unit CubeSat weighting approximately 3&#160;kg, very similar to the satellite UVSQ-SAT which was launched on 24 January 2021. Its main purpose is the measurement of the Earth&#8217;s ra…
Ionospheric perturbations related to seismicity and volcanic eruptions inferred from VLF/LF electric field measurements  Open
<p>In this study we investigate electric field perturbations from sub-ionospheric VLF/LF paths which cross seismic and volcanic active areas. We use waveguide cavity radio links from the transmitters TBB (26.70 kHz, Bafa, Turkey) and…
View article: Satellite Measured Ionospheric Magnetic Field Variations over Natural Hazards Sites
Satellite Measured Ionospheric Magnetic Field Variations over Natural Hazards Sites Open
Processes and threats related to natural hazards play an important role in the evolution of the Earth and in human history. The purpose of this study is to investigate magnetic field variations measured at low Earth orbit (LEO) altitudes p…
View article: Magnetic field turbulence studies aboard the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite and related ground based phenomena
Magnetic field turbulence studies aboard the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite and related ground based phenomena Open
<p>With a new type of a scalar magnetometer, the Coupled Dark State Magnetometer (CDSM) aboard the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) mission, we observed magnetic field fluctuations in the period mid July 2018 until mid N…
Ray paths of VLF/LF transmitter radio signals in the seismic Adriatic regions Open
<p>We analyze the radio wave propagations of VLF/LF transmitter signals along subionospheric paths using two different reception systems localized in the Graz seismo-electromagnetic facility (15.43E,47.06N). Those systems allow the s…
Synoptic view on sub-ionospheric VLF/LF amplitude and phase variations at the Graz seismo-electromagnetic facility Open
<p>This presentation discusses physical processes related to potentially seismic and non-seismic disturbances along VLF/LF paths measured with two different receivers located side by side at the Space Research Institute (IWF) facilit…
A possible radio anomaly observed on the occasion of the MW=6.0 earthquake occurred in Dodecanese islands at the end of January 2020 Open
<p>Since 2009, several VLF/LF radio receivers have been installed throughout Europe in order to realize a European radio network for studying the radio precursors of earthquakes, called the INFREP network. The current network has nin…
Wavelet analysis applied on temporal data sets in order to reveal possible pre-seismic radio anomalies and comparison with the trend of the raw data  Open
<p>Since 2009, several radio receivers have been installed throughout Europe in order to realize the INFREP European radio network for studying the VLF (10-50 kHz) and LF (150-300 kHz) radio precursors of earthquakes. Precursors can …
Low-altitude frequency-banded equatorial emissions observed below the electron cyclotron frequency Open
The ICE (Instrument Champ Électrique) experiment on board the DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) satellite recorded frequency-banded wave emissions below the electron cyclotron frequency, …
Characterization of sub-ionospheric VLF/LF waveguides for seismic event studies during solar minimum Open
<p>In this study we present measurements and simulations of mid-latitude sub-ionospheric propagation paths between several VLF/LF transmitters and the Graz seismo-electromagnetic receiver facility (Schwingenschuh etal, 2011) during t…
Analysis of VLF/LF transmitter signals during the minimum of solar activity in the year 2018 Open
<p>We report on VLF/LF transmitter signals observed in the year 2018 during the minimum of solar activity. Those signals were recorded in Graz (Austria) using INFREP (Biagi et al., Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 2011) and UltraMS…