Hans Thybo
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View article: The anomalous North Atlantic region
The anomalous North Atlantic region Open
The whole North Atlantic region has highly anomalous topography and bathymetry. Observations show evidence for anomalously shallow bathymetry in the ocean as well as recent rapid topographic change with onshore uplift close to the Atlantic…
View article: A buckling stagnant slab imaged in the mantle transition zone
A buckling stagnant slab imaged in the mantle transition zone Open
The mantle transition zone (MTZ) bounded by the 410-km discontinuity (d410) and 660-km discontinuity (d660), controls material and heat exchange between the upper and lower mantle. The phase transformations in MTZ are affected by subductin…
View article: Push foward Earth CT-Integrating Deep Earth Profiles to Make Global Transections via Wide Open Collaboration
Push foward Earth CT-Integrating Deep Earth Profiles to Make Global Transections via Wide Open Collaboration Open
The Earth CT initiative has been discussed during the International Symposium, DEEP-2018, DEEP-2021 and DEEP 2024. With the kicking off of SinoProbe II, it would be pushed forward in real soon or later. Deep Earth processes control th…
View article: Crustal melting and continent uplift by mafic underplating at convergent boundaries
Crustal melting and continent uplift by mafic underplating at convergent boundaries Open
The thick crust of the southern Tibetan and central Andean plateaus includes high-conductivity, low-velocity zones ascribed to partial melt. The melt origin and effect on plateau uplift remain speculative, in particular if plateau uplift h…
View article: Crustal Structure of the Lofoten Shelf, NE North Atlantic,along the Silver-Road refraction profile
Crustal Structure of the Lofoten Shelf, NE North Atlantic,along the Silver-Road refraction profile Open
The Lofoten continental shelf is located at the edge of the Baltic Shield in the northeastern North Atlantic Ocean. It was formed during continental break up in early Eocene associated with intense magmatism, leading to large intrusions an…
View article: Relocated Earthquakes Confined to the Upper Crust in the Southern Tibet
Relocated Earthquakes Confined to the Upper Crust in the Southern Tibet Open
We have located a total of 202 local earthquakes, based on the data recorded by the Hi-CLIMB seismic stations from 2002-2005, in the southern Tibet. The focal depths of all relocated earthquakes, in the Lhasa terrane, are shallow than 30km…
View article: Impact of subducting slabs on the mantle transition zone
Impact of subducting slabs on the mantle transition zone Open
The mantle transition zone (MTZ) bounded by the 410-km discontinuity (d410) and 660-km discontinuity (d660), controls material and heat exchange between the upper and lower mantle. The phase transformations in MTZ are affected by subductin…
View article: Crustal Structure across the Northern Scandinavian margin along the Senja OBS Profile 
Crustal Structure across the Northern Scandinavian margin along the Senja OBS Profile  Open
The Senja onshore-offshore seismic profile is located in the northwestern part of Fennoscandia, extending from onshore Norway into the North Atlantic Ocean. The Fennoscandian lithosphere has been formed by the amalgamation of terranes and …
View article: Cratons are not all that stable!
Cratons are not all that stable! Open
Cratons are usually considered ‘old and stable’ geological units and, therefore, the do not receive as much consideration by geophysical data acquisition as active tectonic regions. However, abundant evidence shows that ‘…
View article: Crustal Structure in the Central Tethys Realm
Crustal Structure in the Central Tethys Realm Open
The central Tethys realm including Anatolia, Caucasus and Iran is one of the most complex geodynamic settings within the Alpine-Himalayan belt. We calculate the depth to magnetic basement and the average crustal magnetic susceptibility, wh…
View article: The Mid‐Lithospheric Discontinuity Caused by Channel Flow in Proto‐Cratonic Mantle
The Mid‐Lithospheric Discontinuity Caused by Channel Flow in Proto‐Cratonic Mantle Open
Global geophysical observations show the presence of the enigmatic mid‐lithospheric discontinuity (MLD) at depths of ca. 80–150 km which may question the stability and internal structure of the continental lithosphere. While various mechan…
View article: Strong Variability in the Thermal Structure of Tibetan Lithosphere
Strong Variability in the Thermal Structure of Tibetan Lithosphere Open
We present a model of thermal lithospheric thickness (the depth where the geotherm reaches a temperature of 1300°C) and surface heat flow in Tibet and adjacent regions based on a new thermal‐isostasy method. The method accounts for crustal…
View article: Crustal Structures Across The Northern Scandinavia Along The SENJA OBS SURVEY Profile
Crustal Structures Across The Northern Scandinavia Along The SENJA OBS SURVEY Profile Open
The Senja onshore-offshore seismic profile is located in the north-western part of Europe across the Norwegian coast into the North Atlantic ocean. A number of terranes and microcontinents collided to form this region from the Archean to t…
View article: Upper Mantle Structure in the NE Sino-Korean Craton Based on Nuclear Explosion Seismic Data
Upper Mantle Structure in the NE Sino-Korean Craton Based on Nuclear Explosion Seismic Data Open
We interpret the crustal and upper mantle structure along ~2500 km long seismic profiles in the northeasternpart of the Sino-Korean Craton (SKC). The seismic data with high signal-to-noise ratio were acquired with a nuclearexplosion in Nor…
View article: Crustal Structure across Central Scandinavia along the Silver-Road refraction profile
Crustal Structure across Central Scandinavia along the Silver-Road refraction profile Open
The western edge of the Baltic Shield is covered by the northeast – southwest oriented, 2500 m high mountain range, the Scandes at the northwestern Atlantic Ocean. This mountain range is located far from any active plate boundary and…
View article: Strong variability in the thermal structure of Tibetan Lithosphere
Strong variability in the thermal structure of Tibetan Lithosphere Open
We present a model of thermal lithospheric thickness (the depth where the geotherm reaches a temperature of 1300°C) and surface heat flow in Tibet and adjacent regions based on the new thermal-isostasy method. The method accounts for …
View article: New ocean spreading beneath the Arabian Shield controlled by LAB-structure
New ocean spreading beneath the Arabian Shield controlled by LAB-structure Open
Formation of new oceans by continental break-up is traditionally understood as a continuous evolution from rifting to ocean spreading. Here we show that already the break-up phase may involve a jump of extensional axis, as earlier observed…
View article: Geodynamics of the Central Tethyan Belt Revisited: Inferences From Crustal Magnetization in the Anatolia‐Caucasus‐Black Sea Region
Geodynamics of the Central Tethyan Belt Revisited: Inferences From Crustal Magnetization in the Anatolia‐Caucasus‐Black Sea Region Open
We calculate the depth to magnetic basement and the average crustal magnetic susceptibility, which is sensitive to the presence of iron‐rich minerals, to interpret the present structure and the tecto‐magmatic evolution in the Central Tethy…
View article: Enigmatic crustal and upper mantle structure in the NE Sino-Korean Craton based on nuclear explosion seismic data
Enigmatic crustal and upper mantle structure in the NE Sino-Korean Craton based on nuclear explosion seismic data Open
We interpret the crustal and upper mantle structure along ∼2500 km long seismic profiles in the northeastern part of the Sino-Korean Craton (SKC). The seismic data with high signal-to-noise ratio were acquired with a nuclear explosion in N…
View article: Coupled Lithospheric Deformation in the Qinling Orogen, Central China: Insights From Seismic Reflection and Surface‐Wave Tomography
Coupled Lithospheric Deformation in the Qinling Orogen, Central China: Insights From Seismic Reflection and Surface‐Wave Tomography Open
We combine a ∼485 km‐long seismic reflection profile and a S‐wave speed transect from surface‐wave tomography, to reveal the lithospheric deformation mode of the intracontinental Qinling orogeny, central China. We observe a thick lithosphe…
View article: Finite-Frequency Body-Wave Tomography in Scandinavia
Finite-Frequency Body-Wave Tomography in Scandinavia Open
<p>We present a P-wave velocity model of the upper mantle, obtained from finite-frequency body wave tomography, to analyze the relationship between deep and surface structures in Fennoscandia, one of the most studied cratons on Earth…
View article: Crustal Structure across Central Scandinavia&#160;along the Silver-Road refraction profile
Crustal Structure across Central Scandinavia along the Silver-Road refraction profile Open
<p>The Baltic Shield is located in the northern part of Europe. It formed by amalgamation of a series of terranes and microcontinents during the Archean to the Paleoproterozoic, followed by significant modification in Neoproterozoic …
View article: Crustal structure in the central Tethys realm
Crustal structure in the central Tethys realm Open
<p>The central Tethys realm including Anatolia, Caucasus and Iran is one of the most<br>complex geodynamic settings within the Alpine-Himalayan belt. To investigate the<br>tectonics of this region, we estimate the depth t…
View article: An unusually long eclogitic lower crustal body imaged by the Korean nuclear explosion
An unusually long eclogitic lower crustal body imaged by the Korean nuclear explosion Open
<p>The Sino-Korean Craton (SKC), which consists of the North China Craton (NCC) in China and North Korea, is one of the oldest cratons on earth. Since the Paleozoic, the SKC has experienced multiple subductions of the peripheral plat…
View article: Ocean break-up and related mountain rise controlled by a continentalcrustal root
Ocean break-up and related mountain rise controlled by a continentalcrustal root Open
<p>Large-scale topography is thought to be mainly controlled by active tectonic processes. Fennoscandia is located far from any active tectonic setting and yet includes a mountain range along its passive North Atlantic margin. Models…
View article: Regional variability in the thermal structure of Tibetan Lithosphere
Regional variability in the thermal structure of Tibetan Lithosphere Open
<p>We present a thermal model- of lithospheric thickness and surface heat flow in Tibet and adjacent regions (74-110<sup>o</sup> E, 26-42<sup>o</sup> N) based on topography and seismic Moho. We interpret stron…
View article: The anomalous North Atlantic region
The anomalous North Atlantic region Open
<p>The whole North Atlantic region has highly anomalous topography and bathymetry. Observations show evidence for anomalously shallow bathymetry in the ocean as well as recent rapid topographic change with onshore uplift close to the…
View article: Coupled lithospheric deformation in the Qinling Orogen, central China: Insights from seismic reflection and surface-wave tomography
Coupled lithospheric deformation in the Qinling Orogen, central China: Insights from seismic reflection and surface-wave tomography Open
Data of geochronology of intrusive plutons and selected zircon Hf values shown in Figure S1 and the references cited