Hermann Brugger
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View article: ELSO 2025 Narrative Guideline on the Use of ECMO for Accidental Hypothermia
ELSO 2025 Narrative Guideline on the Use of ECMO for Accidental Hypothermia Open
Disclaimer: These guidelines on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are intended for educational use to build the knowledge of physicians and other health professionals in assessing the conditions and managing the treatment of patie…
View article: Helicopter Rescue at Very High Altitude: Recommendations of the International Commission for Mountain Emergency Medicine (ICAR MedCom) 2025
Helicopter Rescue at Very High Altitude: Recommendations of the International Commission for Mountain Emergency Medicine (ICAR MedCom) 2025 Open
McLaughlin, Kyle, Charley Shimanski, Ken Zafren, Ian Jackson, Gerold Biner, Maurizio Folini, Andreas Hermansky, Eric Ridington, Peter Hicks, Giacomo Strapazzon, Marika Falla, Alastair Hopper, Dave Weber, Ryan Jackson, and Hermann Brugger. …
View article: Influence of esophageal temperature probe tip placement on core temperature measurement accuracy in cold environments: a randomized crossover trial with implications for cardiac arrest management
Influence of esophageal temperature probe tip placement on core temperature measurement accuracy in cold environments: a randomized crossover trial with implications for cardiac arrest management Open
Proximal misplacement of esophageal probes during cold air exposure results in falsely low and more variable CT readings. This may critically affect triage and treatment, particularly in hypothermic cardiac arrest.
View article: Avalanche transceiver search times during avalanche companion rescue – A prospective randomized single-blinded cross-over simulation study
Avalanche transceiver search times during avalanche companion rescue – A prospective randomized single-blinded cross-over simulation study Open
This study demonstrated a wide inter-individual variation in total transceiver search times and total location time in participants without experience. Voice navigation did not result in a significant reduction of transceiver search times …
View article: The Effect of Automated Verbal Commands During Avalanche Transceiver Search on Acute Mental Stress and Arousal—A Mixed‐Methods Crossover Field Study
The Effect of Automated Verbal Commands During Avalanche Transceiver Search on Acute Mental Stress and Arousal—A Mixed‐Methods Crossover Field Study Open
Background Companion rescue using avalanche transceivers can lead to a disproportionate increase in mental stress and arousal, which can negatively affect performance. The aim of this mixed‐methods field study was to assess the effects of …
View article: Effect of cold environments on technical performance and perceived workload and stress during advanced medical procedures: a randomized controlled simulation study
Effect of cold environments on technical performance and perceived workload and stress during advanced medical procedures: a randomized controlled simulation study Open
View article: A new approach to haemoglobin oxygen affinity research at high altitude: Determination of haemoglobin oxygen dissociation curves and 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate in an experimental human crossover hypoxic chamber study
A new approach to haemoglobin oxygen affinity research at high altitude: Determination of haemoglobin oxygen dissociation curves and 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate in an experimental human crossover hypoxic chamber study Open
Purpose During rapid exposure to hypobaric hypoxia (HH), arterial oxygen tension and haemoglobin oxygen saturation decrease. The oxygen dissociation curve (ODC) describes the relationship of oxygen tension and haemoglobin oxygen saturation…
View article: Correction: A regional modification to the Revised Swiss System for clinical staging of hypothermia including confusion
Correction: A regional modification to the Revised Swiss System for clinical staging of hypothermia including confusion Open
View article: The impact of a dedicated checklist on the quality of onsite management of critically buried avalanche victims in cardiac arrest in a Swiss helicopter emergency medical service
The impact of a dedicated checklist on the quality of onsite management of critically buried avalanche victims in cardiac arrest in a Swiss helicopter emergency medical service Open
Background The management of avalanche victims in cardiac arrest (CA) is a challenging situation for rescuers. Despite existing specific management algorithms, previous studies have reported poor compliance with international guidelines an…
View article: A regional modification to the Revised Swiss System for clinical staging of hypothermia including confusion
A regional modification to the Revised Swiss System for clinical staging of hypothermia including confusion Open
Correction: Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med (2024) 32:110 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-024-01273-3
View article: Avalanche Survival Rates in Switzerland, 1981-2020
Avalanche Survival Rates in Switzerland, 1981-2020 Open
Importance Survival probability among individuals critically buried by avalanche is highly time dependent, which was demonstrated 30 years ago. However, it remains unclear whether avalanche survival probability has changed over time. Objec…
View article: Do acute mountain sickness and psychiatric disorders show overlapping symptoms?
Do acute mountain sickness and psychiatric disorders show overlapping symptoms? Open
The Lake Louise Score (LLS) is a common tool for diagnosing acute mountain sickness (AMS) after a recent gain in altitude. Required symptoms (headache, dizziness, fatigue or gastrointestinal symptoms) are unspecific, subjective and not det…
View article: Three distinct patterns of mental health response following accidents in mountain sports – A follow-up study of individuals treated at a tertiary trauma center
Three distinct patterns of mental health response following accidents in mountain sports – A follow-up study of individuals treated at a tertiary trauma center Open
Introduction & Purpose The restorative effect of physical activity in alpine environments on mental and physical health is well recognized. However, a risk of accidents and post-accident mental health problems is inherent to every sport. W…
View article: Vital parameter monitoring in harsh environment by the MedSENS in-ear multisensor device
Vital parameter monitoring in harsh environment by the MedSENS in-ear multisensor device Open
Accurate assessment of vital parameters is essential for diagnosis and triage of critically ill patients, but not always feasible in out-of-hospital settings due to the lack of suitable devices. We performed an extensive validation of a no…
View article: Avalanche burial pathophysiology – a unique combination of hypoxia, hypercapnia and hypothermia
Avalanche burial pathophysiology – a unique combination of hypoxia, hypercapnia and hypothermia Open
For often unclear reasons, the survival times of critically buried avalanche victims vary widely from minutes to hours. Individuals can survive and sustain organ function if they can breathe under the snow and maintain sufficient delivery …
View article: Effect of oxygen supplementation on cognitive performance among HEMS providers after acute exposure to altitude: the HEMS II randomized clinical trial
Effect of oxygen supplementation on cognitive performance among HEMS providers after acute exposure to altitude: the HEMS II randomized clinical trial Open
Importance Emergency medical services (EMS) providers transiently ascend to high altitude for primary missions and secondary transports in mountainous areas in helicopters that are unpressurised and do not have facilities for oxygen supple…
View article: Three distinct patterns of mental health response following accidents in mountain sports: a follow-up study of individuals treated at a tertiary trauma center
Three distinct patterns of mental health response following accidents in mountain sports: a follow-up study of individuals treated at a tertiary trauma center Open
The restorative effect of physical activity in alpine environments on mental and physical health is well recognized. However, a risk of accidents and post-accident mental health problems is inherent to every sport. We aimed to characterize…
View article: Prevalence of airway patency and air pocket in critically buried avalanche victims - a scoping review
Prevalence of airway patency and air pocket in critically buried avalanche victims - a scoping review Open
Introduction Survival of critically buried avalanche victims is directly dependent on the patency of the airway and the victims’ ability to breathe. While guidelines and avalanche research have consistently emphasized on the importance of …
View article: In Reply to Drs. Rousson, Hall, and Pasquier
In Reply to Drs. Rousson, Hall, and Pasquier Open
international
View article: About Rewarming Young Children After Drowning-Associated Hypothermia and Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
About Rewarming Young Children After Drowning-Associated Hypothermia and Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Open
international
View article: Prolonged critical avalanche burial for nearly 23 h with severe hypothermia and severe frostbite with good recovery: a case report
Prolonged critical avalanche burial for nearly 23 h with severe hypothermia and severe frostbite with good recovery: a case report Open
Background Accidental hypothermia with severe frostbite is a rare combination of injuries with a high risk for long-term sequelae. There are widely accepted recommendations for the management of avalanche victims and for frostbite treatmen…
View article: Prolonged critical avalanche burial for nearly 23 hours with severe hypothermia and severe frostbite with good recovery: A case report
Prolonged critical avalanche burial for nearly 23 hours with severe hypothermia and severe frostbite with good recovery: A case report Open
Background Accidental hypothermia with severe frostbite is a rare combination of injuries with a high risk for long-term sequelae. There are widely accepted recommendations for the management of avalanche victims and for frostbite treatmen…
View article: Frostbite treatment: a systematic review with meta-analyses
Frostbite treatment: a systematic review with meta-analyses Open
Introduction Our objective was to perform a systematic review of the outcomes of various frostbite treatments to determine which treatments are effective. We also planned to perform meta-analyses of the outcomes of individual treatments fo…
View article: Suspension syndrome: a scoping review and recommendations from the International Commission for Mountain Emergency Medicine (ICAR MEDCOM)
Suspension syndrome: a scoping review and recommendations from the International Commission for Mountain Emergency Medicine (ICAR MEDCOM) Open
View article: Chest compressions at altitude are of decreased quality, require more effort and cannot reliably be self-evaluated
Chest compressions at altitude are of decreased quality, require more effort and cannot reliably be self-evaluated Open
View article: Shoulder reduction on the scene: current practice and outcome of the Bavarian Mountain Rescue Service—a prospective observational study
Shoulder reduction on the scene: current practice and outcome of the Bavarian Mountain Rescue Service—a prospective observational study Open
View article: Wilderness Medical Society Clinical Practice Guidelines for Prevention and Management of Avalanche and Nonavalanche Snow Burial Accidents: 2024 Update
Wilderness Medical Society Clinical Practice Guidelines for Prevention and Management of Avalanche and Nonavalanche Snow Burial Accidents: 2024 Update Open
To provide guidance to the general public, clinicians, and avalanche professionals about best practices, the Wilderness Medical Society convened an expert panel to revise the evidence-based guidelines for the prevention, rescue, and resusc…
View article: Sudden-Onset Disaster Mass-Casualty Incident Response: A Modified Delphi Study on Triage, Prehospital Life Support, and Processes
Sudden-Onset Disaster Mass-Casualty Incident Response: A Modified Delphi Study on Triage, Prehospital Life Support, and Processes Open
The application and provision of prehospital care in disasters and mass-casualty incident response in Europe is currently being explored for opportunities to improve practice. The objective of this translational science study was to align …
View article: Isolated high altitude psychosis, delirium at high altitude, and high altitude cerebral edema: are these diagnoses valid?
Isolated high altitude psychosis, delirium at high altitude, and high altitude cerebral edema: are these diagnoses valid? Open
Psychosis is a psychopathological syndrome that can be triggered or caused by exposure to high altitude (HA). Psychosis can occur alone as isolated HA psychosis or can be associated with other mental and often also somatic symptoms as a fe…
View article: Comparative Effectiveness of an Artificial Air Pocket Device to Delay Asphyxiation in Supine Individuals Critically Buried in Avalanche Debris
Comparative Effectiveness of an Artificial Air Pocket Device to Delay Asphyxiation in Supine Individuals Critically Buried in Avalanche Debris Open
Importance Approximately 70% of individuals critically buried in avalanche debris die within 35 minutes as a result of asphyxial cardiac arrest. An artificial air-pocket device (AAPD) that separates inhaled air from exhaled air may delay t…