Explanipedia

Earliest evidence of smoke-dried mummification: More than 10,000 years ago in southern China and Southeast Asia Open

Hsiao‐chun Hung, Zhenhua Deng, Y. B. Liu, Zhiyu Ran, Yue Zhang , et al. · 2025

In southern China and Southeast Asia (collectively, Southeastern Asia), Terminal Pleistocene and Early to Middle Holocene (ca. 12,000 to 4,000 cal. BP) hunter-gatherer burials feature tightly crouched or squatting postures, sometimes with …

Earliest evidence of rice cultivation in Remote Oceania: Ritual use by the first islanders in the Marianas 3500 years ago Open

Mike T. Carson, Weiwei Wang, Xiujia Huan, Shi-Wen Dong, Hsiao‐chun Hung , et al. · 2025

Rice was a staple crop in the ancestral Austronesian regions of Taiwan and Island Southeast Asia, but it was unknown in any of the Pacific Islands at the time of European encounters, with the exception of the unique case of Guam and the Ma…

Ritual tooth ablation in ancient Taiwan and the Austronesian expansion Open

Yue Zhang, Hsiao‐chun Hung, Mike T. Carson · 2024

Early Holocene exploitation of taro and yam among southern East Asian hunter-gatherers Open

Weiwei Wang, Li Zhen, Chunguang Zhao, Mike T. Carson, Hirofumi Matsumura , et al. · 2024

Increases in population size are associated with the adoption of Neolithic agricultural practices in many areas of the world, but rapid population growth within the Dingsishan cultural group of southern China pre-dated the arrival of rice …

Earliest curry in Southeast Asia and the global spice trade 2000 years ago Open

Weiwei Wang, Khanh Trung Kien Nguyen, Chunguang Zhao, Hsiao‐chun Hung · 2023

The global spice trade has played an essential role in world history. However, because of poor preservation conditions, archaeobotanical remains of spices have been limited in archaeological contexts until now. This study reports evidence …

Rice and millet cultivated in Ha Long Bay of Northern Vietnam 4000 years ago Open

Weiwei Wang, Kim Dung Nguyen, Hai Dang Le, Chunguang Zhao, Mike T. Carson , et al. · 2022

Research has generally outlined that the Neolithic East Asian farmers expanded into Southeast Asia, leading to substantial social and cultural transformations. However, the associated archaeobotanical evidence until now has been insufficie…

Corrigendum: Before Rice and the First Rice: Archaeobotanical Study in Ha Long Bay, Northern Vietnam Open

Weiwei Wang, Kim Dung Nguyen, Hai Dang Le, Chunguang Zhao, Mike T. Carson , et al. · 2022

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Early Austronesians Cultivated Rice and Millet Together: Tracing Taiwan’s First Neolithic Crops Open

Zhenhua Deng, Su‐chiu Kuo, Mike T. Carson, Hsiao‐chun Hung · 2022

This study presents the first directly dated physical evidence of crop remains from the Early Neolithic archaeological layers in Taiwan. Systematic sampling and analysis of macro-plant remains suggested that Neolithic farmers at the Zhiwuy…

Before Rice and the First Rice: Archaeobotanical Study in Ha Long Bay, Northern Vietnam Open

Weiwei Wang, Kim Dung Nguyen, Hai Dang Le, Chunguang Zhao, Mike T. Carson , et al. · 2022

Mainland Southeast Asia experienced a long, sustained period of foraging economy before rice and millet farming spread into this area prior to 4,000 years BP. Although hundreds of individuals from dense cemeteries are found in several hunt…

Preceramic riverside hunter-gatherers and the arrival of Neolithic farmers in northern Luzon Open

Hsiao‐chun Hung, Cheng-hwa Tsang, Zhenhua Deng, Mary Jane Louise A. Bolunia, Rey Santiago , et al. · 2022

The most westerly Pacific island chain, running from Taiwan southwards through the Philippines, has long been central in debates about the origins and early migrations of Austronesian-speaking peoples from the Asian mainland into the islan…

Negritos in Taiwan and the wider prehistory of Southeast Asia: new discovery from the Xiaoma Caves Open

Hsiao‐chun Hung, Hirofumi Matsumura, Lan Cuong Nguyen, Tsunehiko Hanihara, Shih‐Chiang Huang , et al. · 2022

Taiwan is known as the homeland of the Austronesian-speaking groups, yet other populations already had lived here since the Pleistocene. Conventional notions have postulated that the Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers were replaced or absorbed …

Mongol fleet on the way to Java: First archaeological remains from the Karimata Strait in Indonesia Open

Hsiao‐chun Hung, Hartatik Hartatik, Tisna Arif Ma'rifat, Truman Simanjuntak · 2021

Female craniometrics support the ‘two-layer model’ of human dispersal in Eastern Eurasia Open

Hirofumi Matsumura, Guangmao Xie, Lan Cuong Nguyen, Tsunehiko Hanihara, Li Zhen , et al. · 2021

Speech of H.E. Mr. Nguyen Hung, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Socialist Republic of Vietnam to the Republic of Poland on the occasion of 76th anniversary of the National Independence Day (September 2, 2021) Open

Hsiao‐chun Hung · 2021

Выступление Е. П. господина Нгуен Хунга, Чрезвычайного и Полномочного Посла Социалистической Республики Вьетнам в Республике Польша по случаю 76-й годовщины Дня национальной независимости (2 сентября 2021 г.)

Let’s catch octopus for dinner: ancient inventions of octopus lures in the Mariana Islands of the remote tropical pacific Open

Mike T. Carson, Hsiao‐chun Hung · 2021

When people first lived in remote tropical seashores, they developed novel adaptations for living in these extreme environments, including the use of a specialized octopus lure device. The evidence for this fishing tradition now can be tra…

The Probable Critical Role of Early Holocene Monsoon Activity in Siting the Origins of Rice Agriculture in China Open

John Dodson, Hsiao‐chun Hung, Chenzi Li, Jianyong Li, Fengyan Lu , et al. · 2021

The long process of rice domestication likely started 10,000–8,000 years ago in China, and the pre-existing hunter-gatherer communities gradually adopted more sedentary lifestyles with the dependence of rice agricultural economies. The arc…

Ancient DNA from Guam and the peopling of the Pacific Open

Irina Pugach, Alexander Hübner, Hsiao‐chun Hung, Matthias Meyer, Mike T. Carson , et al. · 2020

Significance We know more about the settlement of Polynesia than we do about the settlement of the Mariana Islands in the western Pacific. There is debate over where people came from to get to the Marianas, with various lines of evidence p…

Ancient DNA from Guam and the Peopling of the Pacific Open

Irina Pugach, Alexander Hübner, Hsiao‐chun Hung, Matthias Meyer, Mike T. Carson , et al. · 2020

Humans reached the Mariana Islands in the western Pacific by ~3500 years ago, contemporaneous with or even earlier than the initial peopling of Polynesia. They crossed more than 2000 km of open ocean to get there, whereas voyages of simila…

Validating earliest rice farming in the Indonesian Archipelago Open

Zhenhua Deng, Hsiao‐chun Hung, Mike T. Carson, Adhi Agus Oktaviana, Budianto Hakim , et al. · 2020

Food and ritual resources in hunter-gatherer societies: Canarium nuts in southern China and beyond Open

Zhenhua Deng, Hsiao‐chun Hung, Li Zhen, Mike T. Carson, Qiang Huang , et al. · 2019

Author Correction: Craniometrics Reveal “Two Layers” of Prehistoric Human Dispersal in Eastern Eurasia Open

Hirofumi Matsumura, Hsiao‐chun Hung, Charles Higham, Chi Zhang, Mariko Yamagata , et al. · 2019

Craniometrics Reveal “Two Layers” of Prehistoric Human Dispersal in Eastern Eurasia Open

Hirofumi Matsumura, Hsiao‐chun Hung, Charles Higham, Chi Zhang, Mariko Yamagata , et al. · 2019

This cranio-morphometric study emphasizes a “two-layer model” for eastern Eurasian anatomically modern human (AMH) populations, based on large datasets of 89 population samples including findings directly from ancient archaeological contex…

Ancient interactions between eastern Taiwan and the Philippines: From the Palaeolithic Age to Iron Age Open

Hsiao‐chun Hung · 2019

Archaeological records have shown the variable interactions among people of eastern Taiwan and the Philippines over time scales of thousands of years, involving different configurations of trade and exchange through complex and dynamic soc…

The prehistoric peopling of Southeast Asia Open

Hugh McColl, Fernando Racimo, Lasse Vinner, Fabrice Demeter, Takashi Gakuhari , et al. · 2018

Ancient migrations in Southeast Asia The past movements and peopling of Southeast Asia have been poorly represented in ancient DNA studies (see the Perspective by Bellwood). Lipson et al. generated sequences from people inhabiting Southeas…

Cranio-morphometric and aDNA corroboration of the Austronesian dispersal model in ancient Island Southeast Asia: Support from Gua Harimau, Indonesia Open

Hirofumi Matsumura, Ken‐ichi Shinoda, Truman Shimanjuntak, Adhi Agus Oktaviana, Sofwan Noerwidi , et al. · 2018

The Austronesian language is spread from Madagascar in the west, Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) in the east (e.g. the Philippines and Indonesian archipelagoes) and throughout the Pacific, as far east as Easter Island. While it seems clear th…

Ancient Genomics Reveals Four Prehistoric Migration Waves into Southeast Asia Open

Hugh McColl, Fernando Racimo, Lasse Vinner, Fabrice Demeter, J. Víctor Moreno Mayar , et al. · 2018

Two distinct population models have been put forward to explain present-day human diversity in Southeast Asia. The first model proposes long-term continuity (Regional Continuity model) while the other suggests two waves of dispersal (Two L…

Professor Peter Bellwood’s Ongoing Journey in Archaeology Open

Hsiao‐chun Hung · 2017

Peter Bellwood is known for his decades of contributions to Asian and Pacific archaeology, responsible for formulating the fundamental chronological sequences of the region and situating these findings within broader contexts of human migr…

Enter the Ceramic Matrix: Identifying the Nature of the Early Austronesian Settlement in the Cagayan Valley, Philippines Open

Helen Rosemarie Heath, Glenn R. Summerhayes, Hsiao‐chun Hung · 2017

This paper addresses a major gap in our knowledge: the nature of Austronesian societies associated with the spread of the Neolithic through Island Southeast Asia. It addresses this gap by presenting a pilot study on the changing nature of …

Mid-Holocene Hunter-Gatherers ‘Gaomiao’ in Hunan, China: The First of the Two-layer Model in the Population History of East/Southeast Asia Open

Hirofumi Matsumura, Hsiao‐chun Hung, Nguyen Lan Cuong, Ya‐feng Zhao, Gang He , et al. · 2017

Gaomiao, the eponymous archaeological site of the Gaomiao Culture (ca. 7500–5500 BP) has produced evidence of a unique hunter-gatherer society in Hunan Province, China, that produced fine decorated pottery. The human remains unearthed from…

Taiwan's Early Metal Age and Southeast Asian trading systems Open

Hsiao‐chun Hung, Chin-yung Chao · 2016

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