Explanipedia

The impact of anticholinergic burden on the development of mild behavioral impairment Open

Crystal A. Franklin, Paul B. Rosenberg, Constantine G. Lyketsos, Zahinoor Ismail, Jeannie‐Marie Leoutsakos · 2025

Structured Abstract Objective Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) is a syndrome of late-life-onset persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms. Anticholinergic medication is commonly prescribed in older adults. Both MBI and anticholinergic exposure …

Plasma biomarkers in neuropsychiatric syndromes: A narrative review Open

Zahinoor Ismail, Dylan X. Guan, Ganesh M. Babulal, James R. Bateman, Marc Cantillon , et al. · 2025

Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common features of neurodegenerative disease (NDD) but are relatively understudied compared to cognition, especially regarding biomarkers. Further, emerging evidence describes the utility of systematic a…

Drug repurposing for Alzheimer’s disease: a Delphi consensus and stakeholder consultation Open

Anne Corbett, Janet Sultana, Kate Stych, Roger Mills, Jeff Cummings , et al. · 2025

Acceptability and Feasibility of a Sensor-Instrumented ‘SmartSocks’ Wearable Prototype to Detect Agitation in People with Dementia Open

David P. Macfarlane, Ikran Dahir, R. A. M. Ali, Neha Ghosalkar, Laura Webb , et al. · 2025

Background: Objective measurement of agitation in dementia could address the limitations of questionnaire-based assessments and support timely, person-centred interventions. ‘SmartSocks’ (Milbotix Ltd) is a novel wearable device that recor…

Sex Differences in Phenomenology of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia Open

Samira Choudhury, Sarah Colman, Li Chu, Simon Davies, Peter Derkach , et al. · 2025

Introduction: Behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD) are highly prevalent in patients with Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). We examined sex differences in the frequency and severity of BPSD in patients with AD living in long-te…

Culturally sensitive CLEAR guidelines on disclosing and communicating a diagnosis of dementia Open

Zahinoor Ismail, Saskia Sivananthan, Sarah Main, Alixe Ménard, Jhnelle McLaren‐Beato , et al. · 2025

Providing a dementia diagnosis is challenging, especially in primary care and considering diverse patient backgrounds. The Alzheimer Society of Canada (ASC), the College of Family Physicians of Canada, and the Canadian Consensus Conference…

Acceptability and feasibility of a sensor-instrumented ‘SmartSocks’ wearable prototype to detect agitation in people with dementia Open

David P. Macfarlane, Ikran Dahir, R. A. M. Ali, Neha Ghosalkar, Laura Webb , et al. · 2025

The cross-sectional associations between enlarged perivascular spaces and mild behavioral impairment in dementia-free older adults Open

Dinithi Mudalige, Dylan X. Guan, Graham A. McLeod, Eric E. Smith, Aravind Ganesh , et al. · 2025

Background Enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) and mild behavioral impairment (MBI) are associated with greater dementia risk. Objective We investigated cross-sectional associations between EPVS burden and MBI presence and symptom severity…

Validation of the Care Partner Stress Scale in the CAN-PROTECT Study Open

Daniella Vellone, Dylan X. Guan, Jasper F. E. Crockford, Ibaat Warring, Clive Ballard , et al. · 2025

Background Family and friend care partners play a vital role in supporting individuals with neurocognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer disease and related dementias. Care partners are often uncompensated and face unique, multifaceted chal…

Cognitive reserve as a moderator of the association between brain structure and later-life behavioural symptoms across the neurocognitive spectrum Open

G.S. Sidhu, Dylan X. Guan, Maryam Ghahremani, Eric E. Smith, Zahinoor Ismail · 2025

INTRODUCTION Cognitive reserve (CR) may buffer against the clinical manifestations of neurodegenerative disease. However, less is known about the relationship between CR and neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). Here, we investigated the modera…

Validation of the Quality of Life and Function Five Domain Scale (QFS-5) against the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) Open

Zahinoor Ismail, Ibadat Warring, Dylan X. Guan, Pierre Chue, Andrea Bardell , et al. · 2025

INTRODUCTION: Quality of life (QoL) captures objective life conditions, subjective wellbeing, and personal aspirations. There is growing interest in ability-based, patient-centred instruments that are not confounded by health outcomes. The…

New landscape of the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease Open

Giovanni B. Frisoni, Oskar Hansson, Emma Nichols, Valentina Garibotto, Suzanne E. Schindler , et al. · 2025

Alzheimer's disease involves a drastic departure from the cognitive, functional, and behavioural trajectory of normal ageing, and is both a dreaded and highly prevalent cause of disability to individuals, and a leading source of health and…

Treatment for Alzheimer's disease Open

Nick C. Fox, Christopher R S Belder, Clive Ballard, Helen C. Kales, Catherine J. Mummery , et al. · 2025

Over the last three decades, the evidence on how to best treat the cognitive and non-cognitive symptoms of patients with Alzheimer's disease has increased. Although these pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies have significantl…

Creating a Clinical Care Pathway for Depressive Symptoms and Disorders in Long-Term Care: A Modified Delphi Process Open

Kayla Atchison, Andrea Gruneir, Jason M. Sutherland, Eric E. Smith, Marie-Andrée Bruneau , et al. · 2025

The generated statements provide steps for identifying and managing depression among residents of LTC. These steps can be further tested in practice Canada-wide to improve care for residents. Steps that detail care outside current practice…

Enhancing Alzheimer Disease Detection Using Neuropsychiatric Symptoms: The Role of Mild Behavioural Impairment in the Revised NIA-AA Research Framework Open

Rebeca Leon, Maryam Ghahremani, Dylan X. Guan, Eric E. Smith, Henrik Zetterberg , et al. · 2025

Background As the prevalence of Alzheimer disease (AD) rises, early identification of at-risk individuals is essential for effective intervention. Mild behavioral impairment (MBI), which captures emergent and persistent neuropsychiatric sy…

Understanding difficulty in transitioning from residency to independent practice in pathology Open

Gabriel E. Ayala, Zahinoor Ismail, Davinder Sidhu, Christopher Naugler · 2025

A web-based survey of 118 pathologists was used to determine the incidence of difficulty transitioning from residency to independent practice. The underlying themes associated with difficulty were further explored through semi-structured i…

The Mild Behavioral Impairment Checklist for Parkinson's Disease: An Ancillary Instrument in Cognitive Assessment Open

Gabriel David Pinilla-Monsalve, Song Yuan, Alexandru Hanganu, Zahinoor Ismail, Oury Monchi · 2025

Background Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) is a syndrome characterized by the later‐life onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and serves as a potential marker for dementia. In Parkinson's disease (PD), MBI has been associated with wor…

Patient-reported efficacy of adjunctive brexpiprazole in major depressive disorder in a phase 4, open-label, interventional study Open

François Therrien, Pratap Chokka, Jeffrey Habert, Zahinoor Ismail, Roger S. McIntyre , et al. · 2025

Patient-reported diary data revealed early and sustained improvements in depressive symptom severity during 8 weeks of adjunctive brexpiprazole treatment. 'Word of the day' may be an effective qualitative tool for future trials.

Recommendations for management and future investigation of psychosis in neurodegenerative disease: Findings from the International Psychogeriatric Association (IPA) working group Open

Andrew Namasivayam, Corinne E. Fischer, Victor Abler, Byron Creese, Maria Paula Gastiazoro , et al. · 2025

Future directions include the need for the implementation of evidence-based nonpharmacological treatments consistent with the aims of precision medicine, further investigation into novel pharmacological agents, mapping specific psychotic s…

Diagnosis and Management of Alzheimer’s Disease in Primary Care: A Real-World Study in Ontario, Canada Open

Zahinoor Ismail, Melanie Wilson, H. Hadj Khalifa, Doris Belovich, Eileen Shaw , et al. · 2025

Objective: To understand the real-world clinical practice patterns and variation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnostic and screening tool utilization by primary care physicians (PCPs), including tools used for assessing dementia/AD severi…

Mild Behavioral Impairment and Cortical Thinning: Biomarkers of Early Neurodegeneration Open

Yi Jin Leow, Seyed Ehsan Saffari, Ashwati Vipin, Pricilia Tanoto, Reza Salim , et al. · 2025

Elevated MBI, particularly abnormal beliefs, is linked to cortical thinning in regions subserving memory, sensory integration, and emotion regulation predominantly in the right hemisphere. These findings highlight the potential of the MBI-…

THE EFFECT OF HEALTH EDUCATION TROUGH SOCIAL MEDIA ON SAFETY BEHAVIOR AMONG MIDWIVES TOWARD SAFE AND HEALTHY CHILBIRTH PROCESS Open

Zahinoor Ismail, Anita Dewi Prahastuti Sujoso, Sugeng Winarso · 2025

The greatest risk factor for transmission occurs between pregnant women and children, both during childbirth and in infancy, with a risk factor of up to 99%. Neonatal intervention will reduce the risk of transmission from 95% to <5%. Safet…

Pre-psychosis in later life as a risk factor for progressive cognitive decline: Findings from the IPA psychosis in neurodegenerative disease working group Open

Byron Creese, Jeffrey L. Cummings, Corinne E. Fischer, Dilip V. Jeste, Manabu Ikeda , et al. · 2025

Mild behavioural impairment-apathy and core Alzheimer's disease cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers Open

Daniella Vellone, Rebeca Leon, Zahra Goodarzi, Nils D. Forkert, Eric E. Smith , et al. · 2025

Apathy is a common neuropsychiatric symptom (NPS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) but can emerge earlier in prodromal and even preclinical stages as part of mild behavioural impairment (MBI-apathy), a syndrome defined by emergent and persisten…

Red flags for remote cognitive diagnostic assessment: A Delphi expert consensus study by the Canadian Consortium on Neurodegeneration in Aging Open

Nathan Friedman, Sophie Hallot, Inbal Itzhak, Richard Camicioli, Alexandre Henri‐Bhargava , et al. · 2025

Despite the potential benefits of remote cognitive assessment for dementia, it is not appropriate for all clinical encounters. Our aim was to develop guidance on determining a patient's suitability for comprehensive remote cognitive diagno…

Validation of the standard assessment of global everyday activities (SAGEA) scale for dementia diagnosis Open

Jolene Phelps, Dylan X. Guan, Koon Teo, Martin O’Donnell, Salim Yusuf , et al. · 2025

Background Standardised questionnaires of cognitive symptoms and cognitive-related function can assist in diagnosing dementia. The Standardised Assessment of Global Everyday Activities (SAGEA) is a 15-item questionnaire, developed to measu…

Neuropsychiatric symptoms and progression to pathologically confirmed Alzheimer’s disease Open

Sergio Fernandez Sharif, Dylan X. Guan, Tamara S. Bodnar, Jeffrey T. Joseph, Henrik Zetterberg , et al. · 2025

Whether or not neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in advance of dementia are associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and/or other neurodegenerative dementias remains to be determined. The mild behavioural impairment (MBI) construct selects p…

Mapping of validated apathy scales onto the apathy diagnostic criteria for neurocognitive disorders Open

Krushnaa Sankhe, Kritleen K. Bawa, David S. Miller, Daniel R. Bateman, Jeffrey L. Cummings , et al. · 2025

More NPI-C apathy than AES items mapped strongly and uniquely onto the DCA-NCD and its dimensions. The NPI-C apathy may better capture the DCA-NCD and its dimensions compared with the AES.

Cannabis Use Prevalence and Correlates in Patients Attending a Canadian Cognitive Clinic Open

Yingwei Yao, Colleen J. Maxwell, Zahinoor Ismail, Kimberly G. Williams, Karyn Fischer , et al. · 2025

Background: Since cannabis was legalized in Canada in 2018, its use among older adults has increased. Although cannabis may exacerbate cognitive impairment, there are few studies on its use among older adults being evaluated for cognitive …

A Cross Sectional and Longitudinal Assessment of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Brain Functional Connectivity in Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment, Cerebrovascular Disease and Parkinson Disease Open

Neda Rashidi‐Ranjbar, Nathan W. Churchill, Sandra E. Black, Sanjeev Kumar, Maria Carmela Tartaglia , et al. · 2025

Introduction Mild Behavioral Impairment (MBI) is characterized by later‐life emergent and persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in older adults without dementia, serving as a potential precursor to various forms of dementia. This stud…

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