Isaac Ginis
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View article: POWER AND LIMITATIONS OF NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS TO ENHANCE COASTAL RESILIENCE
POWER AND LIMITATIONS OF NATURE-BASED SOLUTIONS TO ENHANCE COASTAL RESILIENCE Open
Coastal communities are unquestionably threatened by sea level rise and storm intensification. Their vulnerability is primarily function of their exposure, increasing in time, resulting into cascading effects affecting the spatial and temp…
View article: Past and Future Storm-Driven Changes to a Dynamic Sandy Barrier System: Outer Cape Cod, Massachusetts
Past and Future Storm-Driven Changes to a Dynamic Sandy Barrier System: Outer Cape Cod, Massachusetts Open
Sandy barrier systems are highly dynamic, with the most significant natural morphological changes to these systems occurring during high-energy storm conditions. These systems provide a range of economic and ecosystem benefits and protect …
View article: Numerical Study of Effects of Warm Ocean Eddies on Tropical Cyclones Intensity in Northwest Pacific
Numerical Study of Effects of Warm Ocean Eddies on Tropical Cyclones Intensity in Northwest Pacific Open
This study investigates the impact of warm core eddies (WCEs) on the ocean response and intensity of tropical cyclones (TCs) in the Northwest Pacific, focusing on three typhoons in 2018: Jebi, Trami, and Kong-rey. The research uses the Hur…
View article: Anomalously large latent heat fluxes in low to moderate wind conditions within the eddy-rich zone of the Northwestern Pacific
Anomalously large latent heat fluxes in low to moderate wind conditions within the eddy-rich zone of the Northwestern Pacific Open
An air-sea interaction field campaign was conducted in September of 2017 within the warm and cold eddy region of the western Northwest Pacific (WNP) (17.5˚-20.5˚N, 127.5˚E-133.5˚E). Both near-surface oceanic and atmospheric conditions in a…
View article: Evidence of Langmuir Mixing Effects in the Upper Ocean Layer During Tropical Cyclones Using Observations and a Coupled Wave‐Ocean Model
Evidence of Langmuir Mixing Effects in the Upper Ocean Layer During Tropical Cyclones Using Observations and a Coupled Wave‐Ocean Model Open
Mixing of the ocean beneath tropical cyclones (TC) cools the surface temperature thereby modifying the storm intensity. Modeling studies predict that surface wave forcing through Langmuir turbulence (LT) increases the mixing and cooling an…
View article: REINFORCING ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS WITH ENHANCED VEGETATION AND AN ARTIFICIAL REEF ALONG THE US RHODE ISLAND COASTAL BARRIER SYSTEMS
REINFORCING ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS WITH ENHANCED VEGETATION AND AN ARTIFICIAL REEF ALONG THE US RHODE ISLAND COASTAL BARRIER SYSTEMS Open
Beach barrier systems (BBS) act as “ecosystem engi-neers” (EE), protecting the mainland and back bays from direct wave impact and reducing storm surge and flow passing through their inlets. BBS naturally adapt to slowly evolving wave clima…
View article: 3D Morphodynamic Visualizations of Storm Impacts for Decision Support.
3D Morphodynamic Visualizations of Storm Impacts for Decision Support. Open
3D flood visualizations are commonly used by coastal managers and other experts to engage the public regarding storm impacts, and to support management decisions. 3D flood visualizations do not, however, capture physical changes to the lan…
View article: New parameterization of air-sea exchange coefficients and its impact on intensity prediction under major tropical cyclones
New parameterization of air-sea exchange coefficients and its impact on intensity prediction under major tropical cyclones Open
Understanding and quantifying air-sea exchanges of enthalpy and momentum fluxes are crucial for the advanced prediction of tropical cyclone (TC) intensity. Here, we present a new parameterization of air-sea fluxes at extreme wind speeds fr…
View article: Drag Coefficient and Its Sea State Dependence under Tropical Cyclones
Drag Coefficient and Its Sea State Dependence under Tropical Cyclones Open
The drag coefficient under tropical cyclones and its dependence on sea states are investigated by combining upper-ocean current observations [using electromagnetic autonomous profiling explorer (EM-APEX) floats deployed under five tropical…
View article: Sea Spray Generation Function in Major Tropical Cyclones
Sea Spray Generation Function in Major Tropical Cyclones Open
<p>Sea spray is a factor in thermodynamics, intensity, and intensification of tropical cyclones. However, the sea spray generation function under major tropical cyclone conditions is still virtually unknown and the scatter of data be…
View article: Sea Spray in Air-Sea Enthalpy and Momentum Exchanges in Tropical Cyclones
Sea Spray in Air-Sea Enthalpy and Momentum Exchanges in Tropical Cyclones Open
<p>Under tropical cyclones, sea spray is produced by breaking waves and direct disruption of the air-sea interface. The influence of sea spray on tropical cyclone intensity and intensification has not been well understood. There are …
View article: Flood risk in past and future: A case study for the Pawtuxet River's record‐breaking March 2010 flood event
Flood risk in past and future: A case study for the Pawtuxet River's record‐breaking March 2010 flood event Open
In March 2010, a sequence of three major rainfall events in New England (United States) led to a record‐breaking flooding event in the Pawtuxet River Watershed with a peak flow discharge of about 500‐year return period. After development o…
View article: Impact of Shoaling Ocean Surface Waves on Wind Stress and Drag Coefficient in Coastal Waters: 1. Uniform Wind
Impact of Shoaling Ocean Surface Waves on Wind Stress and Drag Coefficient in Coastal Waters: 1. Uniform Wind Open
This study investigates the impact of shoaling wind waves on the drag coefficient in coastal waters. The shoaling wave spectrum is simulated using the WAVEWATCH III (WW3) model with shallow water physics. The high‐frequency part (spectral …
View article: Impact of Shoaling Ocean Surface Waves on Wind Stress and Drag Coefficient in Coastal Waters: 2. Tropical Cyclones
Impact of Shoaling Ocean Surface Waves on Wind Stress and Drag Coefficient in Coastal Waters: 2. Tropical Cyclones Open
This study investigates the impacts of shoaling waves on the wind stress and drag coefficient ( C d ) in coastal waters during tropical cyclone (TC) landfall. Numerical experiments are conducted using idealized TCs with two intensities, Ca…
View article: Rainfall Runoff and Flood Simulations for Hurricane Impacts on Woonasquatucket River, USA
Rainfall Runoff and Flood Simulations for Hurricane Impacts on Woonasquatucket River, USA Open
Integrated hydrological and hydrodynamic modeling study has been conducted to investigate hurricane impact on Woonasquatucket River, Rhode Island, USA. Model simulation was conducted for the case study of 2010 storm event. The hydrological…
View article: Wind–Wave Misalignment Effects on Langmuir Turbulence in Tropical Cyclone Conditions
Wind–Wave Misalignment Effects on Langmuir Turbulence in Tropical Cyclone Conditions Open
This study utilizes a large-eddy simulation (LES) approach to systematically assess the directional variability of wave-driven Langmuir turbulence (LT) in the ocean surface boundary layer (OSBL) under tropical cyclones (TCs). The Stokes dr…
View article: Assessing the Multiple Impacts of Extreme Hurricanes in Southern New England, USA
Assessing the Multiple Impacts of Extreme Hurricanes in Southern New England, USA Open
The southern New England coast of the United States is particularly vulnerable to land-falling hurricanes because of its east-west orientation. The impact of two major hurricanes on the city of Providence (Rhode Island, USA) during the mid…
View article: Developing Consequence Thresholds for Storm Models Through Participatory Processes: Case Study of Westerly Rhode Island
Developing Consequence Thresholds for Storm Models Through Participatory Processes: Case Study of Westerly Rhode Island Open
Emergency managers face challenges in understanding and communicating potential hurricane hazards. Preparedness typically emphasizes the last event encountered, the potential implications of future hazards may thus be underestimated. Risk …
View article: Hurricane Model Development at GFDL: A Collaborative Success Story from a Historical Perspective
Hurricane Model Development at GFDL: A Collaborative Success Story from a Historical Perspective Open
The hurricane project at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) was established in 1970. By the mid-1970s pioneering research had led to the development of a new hurricane mo…
View article: Role of Hurricane Wind Models in Accurate Simulation of Storm Surge and Waves
Role of Hurricane Wind Models in Accurate Simulation of Storm Surge and Waves Open
Storm-surge and wave models are routinely used to assess the impact of hurricanes/cyclones for emergency preparedness. Although these models are forced by wind fields, generated by meteorological models in hindcast or forecast mode, select…
View article: Real-Time Chronological Hazard Impact Modeling
Real-Time Chronological Hazard Impact Modeling Open
The potential of using ADvanced CIRCulation model (ADCIRC) to assess the time incremented progression of hazard impacts on individual critical facilities has long been recognized but is not well described. As ADCIRC is applied to create gr…
View article: Sensitivity of Offshore Tropical Cyclone Wave Simulations to Spatial Resolution in Wave Models
Sensitivity of Offshore Tropical Cyclone Wave Simulations to Spatial Resolution in Wave Models Open
This study investigated and quantified the sensitivity of tropical cyclone (TC) wave simulations in the open ocean to different spatial resolutions ( 1 / 3 ∘ , 1 / 6 ∘ , 1 / 12 ∘ and 1 / 24 ∘ ) using two wave models, WAVEWATCH III (WW3) an…
View article: Interaction of Langmuir Turbulence and Inertial Currents in the Ocean Surface Boundary Layer under Tropical Cyclones
Interaction of Langmuir Turbulence and Inertial Currents in the Ocean Surface Boundary Layer under Tropical Cyclones Open
Based on a large-eddy simulation approach, this study investigates the response of the ocean surface boundary layer (OSBL) and Langmuir turbulence (LT) to extreme wind and complex wave forcing under tropical cyclones (TCs). The Stokes drif…