Explanipedia

Mission SpaceX CRS-16 RRRM-1 space flight induced skin genomic plasticity via an epigenetic trigger Open

Kanhaiya Singh, Priyanka Verma, Rajneesh Srivastava, Yashika Rustagi, Manishekhar Kumar , et al. · 2025

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.111382.].

Space-related dermatoses Open

Hossein Akbarialiabad, Seyedeh Yasamin Parvar, Ayman Grada, Christopher G. Bunick, Kazuaki Shimada , et al. · 2025

Importance of De Novo Gene Evolution to Emerging Viral Threats: The ORF10 Strain-Restricted Orphan Gene of SARS-CoV-2 Promotes Pathogenesis Open

Jeffrey Haltom, Nídia S. Trovão, Joseph W. Guarnieri, Vincent S. Pan, Urminder Singh , et al. · 2025

Orphan genes, which encode species-specific proteins, are common but are rarely investigated. The SARS-CoV-2 orphan gene, ORF10, has been understudied; in vitro work suggests it may modulate innate immunity. Whether ORF10 influences COVID-…

Adverse Outcome Pathways Applied to Space Radiation Research Open

Vinita Chauhan, Veronica S. Grybas, Devyn Hoopfer, Casey Higginson, Elizabeth A. Ainsbury , et al. · 2025

Long‐duration spaceflight exposes astronauts to various stressors that can alter human physiology, potentially causing immediate and long‐term health effects. These stressors can damage biomolecules, cells, tissues, and organs, leading to …

Genomic Analysis of Cardiovascular Diseases Utilizing Space Omics and Medical Atlas Open

Ryung Lee, Abir Rayhun, JangKeun Kim, Cem Meydan, Afshin Beheshti , et al. · 2025

Background: The Space Omics and Medical Atlas (SOMA) is an extensive database containing gene expression information from samples collected during the short-duration Inspiration4 spaceflight mission in 2021. Given our prior understanding o…

The Simons Observatory: science goals and forecasts for the enhanced Large Aperture Telescope Open

M. Abitbol, Irene Abril-Cabezas, S. Adachi, P. A. R. Ade, Alexandre Adler , et al. · 2025

We describe updated scientific goals for the wide-field, millimeter-wave survey that will be produced by the Simons Observatory (SO). Significant upgrades to the 6-meter SO Large Aperture Telescope (LAT) are expected to be complete by 2028…

Respiratory viral infections awaken metastatic breast cancer cells in lungs Open

Shi B. Chia, Bryan Johnson, Junxiao Hu, Felipe Valença-Pereira, Marc Chadeau‐Hyam , et al. · 2025

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer globally, with most deaths caused by metastatic disease, often following long periods of clinical dormancy 1 . Understanding the mechanisms that disrupt the quiescence of dormant disseminated …

Obesity‐Induced Metabolic Priming Exacerbates <span>SARS</span>‐<span>CoV</span>‐2 Inflammation Open

Gustavo Gastão Davanzo, Bianca Gazieri Castelucci, Gabriela Fabiano de Souza, Stéfanie Primon Muraro, Larissa Menezes dos Reis , et al. · 2025

Despite the early recognition that individuals living with obesity are more prone to develop adverse outcomes during COVID‐19, the mechanisms underlying these conditions are still unclear. During obesity, an accumulation of free fatty acid…

Author Correction: Spaceflight causes strain-dependent gene expression changes in the kidneys of mice Open

Rebecca Finch, Géraldine Vitry, Keith Siew, Stephen B. Walsh, Afshin Beheshti , et al. · 2025

Spaceflight causes strain-dependent gene expression changes in the kidneys of mice Open

Rebecca Finch, Géraldine Vitry, Keith Siew, Stephen B. Walsh, Afshin Beheshti , et al. · 2025

Core mitochondrial genes are down-regulated during SARS-CoV-2 infection of rodent and human hosts Open

Joseph W. Guarnieri, Joseph M. Dybas, Hossein Fazelinia, Man S. Kim, Justin J. Frere , et al. · 2025

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral proteins bind to host mitochondrial proteins, likely inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and stimulating glycolysis. We analyzed mitochondrial gene expression in …

The Simons Observatory: Science Goals and Forecasts for the Enhanced Large Aperture Telescope Open

The Simons Observatory Collaboration, M. Abitbol, S. Adachi, S. Adachi, P. A. R. Ade , et al. · 2025

We describe updated scientific goals for the wide-field, millimeter-wave survey that will be produced by the Simons Observatory (SO). Significant upgrades to the 6-meter SO Large Aperture Telescope (LAT) are expected to be complete by 2028…

P-1935. Proteomic and transcriptomic signatures of SARS-CoV-2 associated myocarditis Open

Simon Pollett, Josh Chenoweth, Clifton L. Dalgard, Nusrat J Epsi, Stephanie A Richard , et al. · 2025

Background SARS-CoV-2 myocarditis is a rare but serious complication of COVID-19. The host response correlates of SARS-CoV-2 myocarditis remain unclear, thereby limiting therapeutic development. We therefore performed proteomic and transcr…

Space exploration and risk of Parkinson’s disease: a perspective review Open

Nilufar Ali, Afshin Beheshti, Greg Hampikian · 2025

Systemic mitochondrial dysfunction, dopamine loss, sustained structural changes in the basal ganglia including reduced tyrosine hydroxylase, and altered gait- these effects observed in space-flown animals and astronauts mirrors Parkinson's…

Guardians of the Mitochondria: Space Mitochondria 2.0 Systemic Analysis Reveals Bioenergetic Dysregulation Across Species Open

Joseph W. Guarnieri, Zeynab Maghsoudi, JangKeun Kim, Phi Bya, Gabrielle A. Widjaja , et al. · 2025

Synergistic label-free fluorescence imaging and miRNA studies reveal dynamic human neuron-glial metabolic interactions following injury Open

Yang Zhang, Maria G. Savvidou, Volha Liaudanskaya, Pramesh Singh, Yuhang Fu , et al. · 2024

Neuron–glial cell interactions following traumatic brain injury (TBI) determine the propagation of damage and long-term neurodegeneration. Spatiotemporally heterogeneous cytosolic and mitochondrial metabolic pathways are involved, leading …

Lethal COVID-19 associates with RAAS-induced inflammation for multiple organ damage including mediastinal lymph nodes. Open

Michael J. Topper, Joseph W. Guarnieri, Jeffrey Haltom, Amy Chadburn, Henry Cope , et al. · 2024

Lethal COVID-19 outcomes are attributed to classic cytokine storm. We revisit this using RNA sequencing of nasopharyngeal and 40 autopsy samples from patients dying of SARS-CoV-2. Subsets of the 100 top-upregulated genes in nasal swabs are…

Lethal COVID-19 associates with RAAS-induced inflammation for multiple organ damage including mediastinal lymph nodes Open

Michael J. Topper, Joseph W. Guarnieri, Jeffrey Haltom, Amy Chadburn, Henry Cope , et al. · 2024

Lethal COVID-19 outcomes are attributed to classic cytokine storm. We revisit this using RNA sequencing of nasopharyngeal and 40 autopsy samples from patients dying of SARS-CoV-2. Subsets of the 100 top-upregulated genes in nasal swabs are…

Aging and putative frailty biomarkers are altered by spaceflight Open

Andrea Camera, Marshall Tabetah, Verónica Castañeda, JangKeun Kim, Aman Singh Galsinh , et al. · 2024

Transcriptomics analysis reveals molecular alterations underpinning spaceflight dermatology Open

Henry Cope, Jonas Elsborg, Samuel Demharter, J. Tyson McDonald, Chiara Wernecke , et al. · 2024

Mission SpaceX CRS-16 RRRM-1 space flight induced skin genomic plasticity via an epigenetic trigger Open

Kanhaiya Singh, Priyanka Verma, Rajneesh Srivastava, Yashika Rustagi, Manishekhar Kumar , et al. · 2024

Genomic plasticity helps adapt to extreme environmental conditions. We tested the hypothesis that exposure to space environment (ESE) impacts the epigenome inducing genomic plasticity. Murine skin samples from the Rodent Research Reference…

sChemNET: a deep learning framework for predicting small molecules targeting microRNA function Open

Diego Galeano, Imrat, Jeffrey Haltom, Chaylen Andolino, Aliza Yousey , et al. · 2024

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in human disorders, from cancers to infectious diseases. Targeting miRNAs or their target genes with small molecules offers opportunities to modulate dysregulated cellular processes linked to disease…

Author Correction: To boldly go where no microRNAs have gone before: spaceflight impact on risk for small-for-gestational-age infants Open

Giada Corti, JangKeun Kim, Francisco J. Enguita, Joseph W. Guarnieri, Lawrence I. Grossman , et al. · 2024

To boldly go where no microRNAs have gone before: spaceflight impact on risk for small-for-gestational-age infants Open

Giada Corti, JangKeun Kim, Francisco J. Enguita, Joseph W. Guarnieri, Lawrence I. Grossman , et al. · 2024

In the era of renewed space exploration, comprehending the effects of the space environment on human health, particularly for deep space missions, is crucial. While extensive research exists on the impacts of spaceflight, there is a gap re…

AOP Report: Development of an adverse outcome pathway for deposition of energy leading to bone loss Open

Snehpal Sandhu, Mitchell Keyworth, Syna Karimi‐Jashni, Dalya Alomar, Ben J. Smith , et al. · 2024

Bone loss, commonly seen in osteoporosis, is a condition that entails a progressive decline of bone mineral density and microarchitecture, often seen in post‐menopausal women. Bone loss has also been widely reported in astronauts exposed t…

“Monitoring inflammatory, immune system mediators, and mitochondrial changes related to brain metabolism during space flight” Open

Darcy Tocci, Tomas Ducai, C A Barry Stoute, Gabrielle Hopkins, Mohammad Golam Sabbir , et al. · 2024

The possibility of impaired cognitive function during deep space flight missions or while living on a Martian colony is a critical point of concern and pleads for further research. In addition, a fundamental gap exists both in our understa…

Unveiling Parkinson's Disease-like Changes Triggered by Spaceflight Open

Nilufar Ali, Afshin Beheshti, Greg Hampikian · 2024

A meta-analysis of spaceflight data from both mouse and human flights reveals a striking overlap with Parkinson's disease (PD). Parallels include: changes in gait, loss of dopamine, sustained changes in the basal ganglia, loss of tyrosine …

RNA editing regulates host immune response and T cell homeostasis in SARS-CoV-2 infection Open

Molly Huang, Adam Mark, Jessica Pham, Karina Vera, Amanda Saravia-Butler , et al. · 2024

Adenosine to inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing by ADAR1 has been implicated in maintaining self-tolerance, preventing autoimmunity, and mediating antiviral immunity. Foreign viral double-stranded RNA triggers rapid interferon response and activ…

Single-cell analysis identifies conserved features of immune dysfunction in simulated microgravity and spaceflight Open

Fei Wu, Huixun Du, Eliah Overbey, JangKeun Kim, Priya Makhijani , et al. · 2024

Spatiotemporal expression and control of haemoglobin in space Open

Josef Borg, Conor Loy, JangKeun Kim, Alfred Buhagiar, Christopher R. Chin , et al. · 2024

It is now widely recognised that the environment in space activates a diverse set of genes involved in regulating fundamental cellular pathways. This includes the activation of genes associated with blood homeostasis and erythropoiesis, wi…

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