Peter J. Buckley
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View article: Is entrepreneurship in secular decline?
Is entrepreneurship in secular decline? Open
This paper argues that both on the supply and the demand side, entrepreneurship is in secular decline. On the supply side, the balance of rewards to the exercise of the entrepreneurship function is diminishing as potential entrepreneurs va…
View article: The entrepreneurship triangle: a novel approach to explain national differences in entrepreneurship
The entrepreneurship triangle: a novel approach to explain national differences in entrepreneurship Open
This conceptual paper introduces the entrepreneurship triangle as a mechanism to analyze differences in entrepreneurial ecosystems across nations. The theory provides a structure to examine how institutional processes and changes in state,…
View article: The Global Factory Revisited
The Global Factory Revisited Open
The global factory concept is key to understanding global production systems and their evolution in response to environmental change over the past 70 years. Adaptation is apparent with shifts in location, control, and ownership. Stages of …
View article: Space: a new frontier for international business
Space: a new frontier for international business Open
This article examines (outer) Space as a new frontier for international business (IB) and highlights the unique challenges and opportunities it presents. Unlike terrestrial business environments, Space is characterized by extreme physical …
View article: “Who is us?” revisited: Robert Reich’s challenge in a globalized world
“Who is us?” revisited: Robert Reich’s challenge in a globalized world Open
“Who is us?” is a fundamental issue in international business theory and policy. Policies to maximise the benefits of a country’s locational domain (best for the individuals within the territory of the home country, “citizens”), differ mar…
View article: Tackling grand challenges: reimagining a moral ecology of globalisation
Tackling grand challenges: reimagining a moral ecology of globalisation Open
This paper argues the case for a morally superior globalisation designed to overcome some of the most striking limitations of recent global waves but retaining the economic power to address global challenges. There are three steps in reima…
View article: The kaleidoscope of international business – The past, current, and future development of theory
The kaleidoscope of international business – The past, current, and future development of theory Open
View article: The Democratic Deficit of the Global Dominance of Producer-Driven Society
The Democratic Deficit of the Global Dominance of Producer-Driven Society Open
The argument of this paper is sequential. Democracy is associated with openness in trade, investment, and entrepreneurship. This is because of its support of property rights, contract enforcement, open governance, and civil society operati…
View article: It's personal: The emotional dimension of psychic distance perception in intercultural knowledge transfer
It's personal: The emotional dimension of psychic distance perception in intercultural knowledge transfer Open
View article: A linguistic and philosophical analysis of emic and etic and their use in international business research
A linguistic and philosophical analysis of emic and etic and their use in international business research Open
View article: <p>The Role of Emotions in Intercultural Business Communication: Language Standardization in The Context of International Knowledge Transfer</p>
The Role of Emotions in Intercultural Business Communication: Language Standardization in The Context of International Knowledge Transfer Open
View article: Managers and <scp>internationalization decisions</scp>: An affect‐enacted model
Managers and <span>internationalization decisions</span>: An affect‐enacted model Open
Research Summary This paper identifies a critical gap in foundational assumptions between traditional International Business (IB) theories (e.g., internalization theory and Uppsala model) and empirical individual‐level research. Traditiona…
View article: Family firms and the governance of global value chains
Family firms and the governance of global value chains Open
View article: Horizontal subcontracting and the global factory
Horizontal subcontracting and the global factory Open
View article: International business theory and the criminal multinational enterprise
International business theory and the criminal multinational enterprise Open
Criminal syndicates have been around for millennia. While some were founded to undertake cross-border activities, others have expanded internationally, evolving into sophisticated organizations that mimic multinational enterprises. The gro…
View article: Towards a theoretically based global foreign direct investment policy regime
Towards a theoretically based global foreign direct investment policy regime Open
This chapter seeks to derive rational policies towards multinational enterprises (MNEs) from extant international business theory. It examines the impact of national institutions and policies on both inward and outward direct foreign inves…
View article: An internalization perspective on subsidiaries’ reputation and its impact on subsidiaries’ marketing advantage: The moderating roles of resources and autonomy
An internalization perspective on subsidiaries’ reputation and its impact on subsidiaries’ marketing advantage: The moderating roles of resources and autonomy Open
Internalization theory of Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) provides a paradigm in the international business field. Contemporary discussions consider MNEs as differentiated network with self-initiated subsidiaries. However, while moving aw…
View article: It’s personal: The emotional dimension of psychic distance perception in intercultural knowledge transfer
It’s personal: The emotional dimension of psychic distance perception in intercultural knowledge transfer Open
View article: Author Index
Author Index Open
View article: The creation and diffusion of international business research
The creation and diffusion of international business research Open
“W(h)ither U.S. Hegemony in International Business Research?” by Grigorios Livanis and Michael Geringer, is an excellent effort to encompass the growth of international business (IB) scholarly research worldwide. This commentary examines t…
View article: Spatial and temporal distances in a virtual global world: Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic
Spatial and temporal distances in a virtual global world: Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic Open
The experience of COVID-19 prompted us to rethink the imperatives of distance for the organization of value-creating activities globally. We advance a conceptualization of distance as representing separation in both space and time and posi…
View article: Externalities in global value chains: Firm solutions for regulation challenges
Externalities in global value chains: Firm solutions for regulation challenges Open
Research summary Negative externalities in global value chains (GVCs) create challenges for regulation. We establish conditions under which firms are more likely to adapt their GVCs to rectify negative externalities that occur at global sc…
View article: Equivalence in international business research: A three-step approach
Equivalence in international business research: A three-step approach Open
View article: The necessity of civility in academic life
The necessity of civility in academic life Open
The increasingly fractured and contentious debates in academic life are in danger of undermining polite discourse in research and its publication – and therefore progress in research itself. This piece advocates a return to civility as a p…
View article: Navigating three vectors of power: Global strategy in a world of intense competition, aggressive nation states, and antagonistic civil society
Navigating three vectors of power: Global strategy in a world of intense competition, aggressive nation states, and antagonistic civil society Open
Research Summary Global strategy must negotiate three vectors of external power: State policies (that often conflict across national boundaries), the demands of civil society, and market pressures. The global strategies of corporations mus…
View article: The Role of Outward FDI in Creating Korean Global Factories
The Role of Outward FDI in Creating Korean Global Factories Open
View article: A bargaining and property rights perspective on the Belt and Road Initiative: Cases from the Italian port system
A bargaining and property rights perspective on the Belt and Road Initiative: Cases from the Italian port system Open
View article: The world has a unique opportunity: Accelerating technology transfer and vaccine production through partnerships
The world has a unique opportunity: Accelerating technology transfer and vaccine production through partnerships Open
View article: Multinational Enterprises and International Cartels: The Strategic Implications of De-globalization
Multinational Enterprises and International Cartels: The Strategic Implications of De-globalization Open
A cartel is an association of independent businesses for the purpose of regulating trade in an industry. There are three important reasons for studying international cartels: they will become important in the future; they are of immense hi…
View article: Understanding the Processes Underlying Inter-Firm Collaboration: Mutual Forbearance and the Principle of Congruity
Understanding the Processes Underlying Inter-Firm Collaboration: Mutual Forbearance and the Principle of Congruity Open
This paper makes a theoretical innovation by integrating two key principles – mutual forbearance and the principle of congruity – into one general process model. It examines the micro‐mechanisms underlying the formation of a mutual‐forbear…