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View article: Rationale and Methodological Approach Underlying the Development of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)–2 Score
Rationale and Methodological Approach Underlying the Development of the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA)–2 Score Open
Importance The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was published in 1996 to describe organ dysfunction in critically ill adult patients in a readily quantifiable and sequential manner. Considerable changes have occurred over t…
View article: Beyond survival: Functionality and health-related quality of life among a cohort of ICU survivors 6 months after hospital discharge – a single-centre study in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa
Beyond survival: Functionality and health-related quality of life among a cohort of ICU survivors 6 months after hospital discharge – a single-centre study in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa Open
Background. New or worsened impairments in physical, cognitive and/or psychological health may persist after critical care discharge and impact negatively on survivors’ health-related quality of life (HRQOL), functionality and life roles. …
View article: Six-month trajectory of physical function in ICU survivors: Experience from an Eastern Cape centre
Six-month trajectory of physical function in ICU survivors: Experience from an Eastern Cape centre Open
Background: Physical impairment affects up to 60% of intensive care unit (ICU) survivors due to factors such as ICU-acquired neuromuscular weakness (ICU-AW), chronic pain, deconditioning and reduced organ and metabolic function. This impai…
View article: South African Rheumatism and Arthritis Association 2024 guidelines for the management of axial spondyloarthritis
South African Rheumatism and Arthritis Association 2024 guidelines for the management of axial spondyloarthritis Open
Early diagnosis and prompt treatment initiation are essential in the management of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), also known as ankylosing spondylitis, remembering that underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis of axSpA are common. These South Af…
View article: South African Rheumatism and Arthritis Association 2024 guidelines for the management of axial spondyloarthritis
South African Rheumatism and Arthritis Association 2024 guidelines for the management of axial spondyloarthritis Open
Early diagnosis and prompt treatment initiation are essential in the management of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), also known as ankylosing spondylitis, remembering that underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis of axSpA are common. These South Af…
View article: Symptoms of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder 6 weeks and 6 months after ICU: Six out of 10 survivors affected
Symptoms of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder 6 weeks and 6 months after ICU: Six out of 10 survivors affected Open
Background. Mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are being increasingly recognised as common adverse outcomes for critical illness survivors. These conditions can have lasting conse…
View article: Upper limb muscle strength and exercise endurance as predictors of successful extubation in mechanically ventilated patients
Upper limb muscle strength and exercise endurance as predictors of successful extubation in mechanically ventilated patients Open
Background Failed extubation increases the intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, hospital length of stay, and financial costs and it reduces the patient’s functional ability. Avoiding failed extubation is of utmost importance, therefor…
View article: Core competencies in critical care for general medical practitioners in South Africa: A Delphi study
Core competencies in critical care for general medical practitioners in South Africa: A Delphi study Open
Background. Despite a high burden of disease that requires critical care services, there are a limited number of intensivists in South Africa (SA). Medical practitioners at district and regional public sector hospitals frequently manage cr…
View article: Peri-operative pharmacokinetics of cefazolin prophylaxis during valve replacement surgery
Peri-operative pharmacokinetics of cefazolin prophylaxis during valve replacement surgery Open
Objective There is little prospective data to guide effective dosing for antibiotic prophylaxis during surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We aim to describe the effects of CPB on the population pharmacokinetics (PK) of total a…
View article: Clinical Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Antifungal, Fosmanogepix, in Patients with Candidemia Caused by Candida auris <i>:</i> Results from a Phase 2 Trial
Clinical Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Antifungal, Fosmanogepix, in Patients with Candidemia Caused by Candida auris <i>:</i> Results from a Phase 2 Trial Open
Fosmanogepix (FMGX), a novel antifungal available in intravenous (IV) and oral formulations, has broad-spectrum activity against pathogenic yeasts and molds, including fungi resistant to standard of care antifungals. This multicenter, open…
View article: Evaluating the usefulness of the estimated glomerular filtration rate for determination of imipenem dosage in critically ill patients
Evaluating the usefulness of the estimated glomerular filtration rate for determination of imipenem dosage in critically ill patients Open
Background. Antibiotic dosing in critically ill patients is complicated by variations in the pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in this group. The dosing of imipenem/cilastatin is usually determined by severity of illness and renal function.O…
View article: Development and validation of a clinical prediction model of acute kidney injury in intensive care unit patients at a rural tertiary teaching hospital in South Africa: a study protocol
Development and validation of a clinical prediction model of acute kidney injury in intensive care unit patients at a rural tertiary teaching hospital in South Africa: a study protocol Open
Introduction Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a decline in renal function lasting hours to days. The rising global incidence of AKI, and associated costs of renal replacement therapy, is a public health priority. With the only therapeutic opti…
View article: Long-stay medical-surgical intensive care unit patients in South Africa: Quality of life and mortality 1 year after discharge
Long-stay medical-surgical intensive care unit patients in South Africa: Quality of life and mortality 1 year after discharge Open
Background. Although mortality is the primary measure of critical care outcome, the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of survivors is often diminished. There is a paucity of South African research on HRQOL in intensive care unit (ICU)…
View article: Quantifying the burden of the post-ICU syndrome in South Africa: A scoping review of evidence from the public health sector.
Quantifying the burden of the post-ICU syndrome in South Africa: A scoping review of evidence from the public health sector. Open
This review identified the available publications investigating the post ICU syndrome (PICS) in the South African public healthcare setting. A small number of ground-breaking studies were found. Knowledge gaps in this field were identified.
View article: Positioning the role of qSOFA for screening and prognostication in critically ill medical and surgical patients with suspected sepsis
Positioning the role of qSOFA for screening and prognostication in critically ill medical and surgical patients with suspected sepsis Open
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View article: SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence in healthcare workers and administrative and support staff: The first-wave experience at three academic hospitals in the Tshwane district of Gauteng Province, South Africa
SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence in healthcare workers and administrative and support staff: The first-wave experience at three academic hospitals in the Tshwane district of Gauteng Province, South Africa Open
This study highlights that hospital staff, including administrative staff, are clearly at high risk for acquisition of SARS-CoV-2 infection during a surge.
View article: Investigating the need for therapeutic drug monitoring of imipenem in critically ill patients: Are we getting it right?
Investigating the need for therapeutic drug monitoring of imipenem in critically ill patients: Are we getting it right? Open
Background. The drug levels and clearances of imipenem in critically ill patients are not comprehensively described in current literature, yet it is vital that adequate levels be achieved for therapeutic success. Objectives. To determi…
View article: Is there a role for melatonin in the intensive care unit?
Is there a role for melatonin in the intensive care unit? Open
This review examines and discusses the role of melatonin in the intensive care unit in terms of sleep, delirium and sepsis, both the physiology and as a therapy.
View article: Antiretroviral therapy non-adherence among HIV-positive patients presenting to an emergency department in Johannesburg, South Africa: Associations and reasons
Antiretroviral therapy non-adherence among HIV-positive patients presenting to an emergency department in Johannesburg, South Africa: Associations and reasons Open
Of HIV-positive patients presenting to the ED, a high proportion were either not yet initiated on ART or ART non-adherent. HIV programmes should focus on HIV-positive ED attendees with the aim of identifying high-risk patients and providin…
View article: Clinical utility of the BioFire FilmArray Blood Culture Identification panel in the adjustment of empiric antimicrobial therapy in the critically ill septic patient
Clinical utility of the BioFire FilmArray Blood Culture Identification panel in the adjustment of empiric antimicrobial therapy in the critically ill septic patient Open
Sepsis and septic shock are key contributors to mortality in critically ill patients and thus prompt recognition and management thereof is central to achieving improved patient outcomes. Early initiation of appropriate antimicrobial therap…
View article: Labour epidurals in Gauteng Province, South Africa
Labour epidurals in Gauteng Province, South Africa Open
BACKGROUND : Inadequately controlled labour pain is associated with numerous deleterious physiological and psychological effects. Epidural labour analgesia is accepted as the gold standard. OBJECTIVES : To establish the frequency of labour…
View article: Predictors of prolonged hospital stay in HIV-positive patients presenting to the emergency department
Predictors of prolonged hospital stay in HIV-positive patients presenting to the emergency department Open
Background Prolonged hospitalization places a significant burden on healthcare resources. Compared to the general population, hospital length of stay (LOS) is generally longer in HIV-positive patients. We identified predictors of prolonged…
View article: South African Guidelines on the Determination of Death
South African Guidelines on the Determination of Death Open
Death is a medical occurrence that has social, legal, religious and cultural consequences requiring common clinical standards for its diagnosis and legal regulation. The following document compiled by the Critical Care Society of Southern …
View article: Profile of presentation of HIV-positive patients to an emergency department in Johannesburg, South Africa
Profile of presentation of HIV-positive patients to an emergency department in Johannesburg, South Africa Open
Human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients presenting to the CMJAH ED demonstrated a high prevalence of opportunistic infections, required a prolonged hospital stay and had high mortality rates. There is a need to improve the quality o…
View article: Critical care triage during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa: A constitutional imperative!
Critical care triage during the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa: A constitutional imperative! Open
Triage and rationing of scarce intensive care unit (ICU) resources are an unavoidable necessity. In routine circumstances, ICU triage is premised on the best interests of an individual patient; however, when increased demand exceeds capaci…
View article: The role of laboratory testing in hospitalised and critically ill COVID-19-positive patients
The role of laboratory testing in hospitalised and critically ill COVID-19-positive patients Open
The COVID-19 pandemic has placed healthcare resources around the world under immense pressure. South Africa, given the condition of its
\nhealthcare system, is particularly vulnerable. There has been much discussion around rational healthc…
View article: The Critical Care Society of Southern Africa guidelines on the allocation of scarce critical care resources during the COVID-19 public health emergency in South Africa.
The Critical Care Society of Southern Africa guidelines on the allocation of scarce critical care resources during the COVID-19 public health emergency in South Africa. Open
Letter by Gopalan et al. on article by Singh and Moodley (Singh JA, Moodley K. Critical care triaging in the shadow of COVID-19: Ethics considerations. S Afr Med J 2020;110(5):355-359. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2020.v110i5.14778); and r…
View article: Critical Care Society of Southern Africa adult patient blood management guidelines: 2019 Round-table meeting, CCSSA Congress, Durban, 2018.
Critical Care Society of Southern Africa adult patient blood management guidelines: 2019 Round-table meeting, CCSSA Congress, Durban, 2018. Open
The CCSSA PBM Guidelines have been developed to improve patient blood management in critically ill patients in southern Africa. These consensus recommendations are based on a rigorous process by experts in the field of critical care who ar…