Explanipedia

Lumbosacral transitional vertebra alters the mobility of the lumbar spine on flexion-extension radiographs Open

Anttoni Kuoppala, Juhani Määttä, Jaakko Hanhivaara, Jaakko Niinimäki, Mika Nevalainen · 2025

Exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy and lifelong smoking: Association with vertebral dimensions in middle age Open

Merja Suominen, Petteri Oura, Jaakko Niinimäki, Jaro Karppinen, Eveliina Heikkala · 2025

Exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy is negatively associated with bone development, however, some studies have reported null findings. Offsprings' smoking behavior may also relate to bone structure. However, it is unclear whether…

Forensic shotgun pellet examination – material detection with dual-energy computed tomography Open

Mikael Brix, Juho‐Antti Junno, Eveliina Lammentausta, Alina Junno, Timo Liimatainen , et al. · 2025

Temporal muscle thickness and index predict overall survival after surgical evacuation of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage Open

Emilia K Pesonen, Otso Arponen, Jaakko Niinimäki, Angie Hernández, Lasse Pikkarainen , et al. · 2025

TMT and TMI provide prognostic information supplemental to established outcome predictors in surgically treated ICH. These parameters may improve surgical patient selection and detection of patients at risk of poor outcomes who might benef…

Kellgren-Lawrence grading of knee osteoarthritis using deep learning: Diagnostic performance with external dataset and comparison with four readers Open

Elias Vaattovaara, Egor Panfilov, Aleksei Tiulpin, Tuukka Niinimäki, Jaakko Niinimäki , et al. · 2025

Beta-tricalcium phosphate combined with native bone proteins (β-TCP - NBP): a novel bone graft substitute for ankle and hindfoot arthrodesis Open

Juhana Leppilahti, Mari Kuoppala, Timo Sirola, Łukasz Kołodziej, Katri Ahonen , et al. · 2025

Purpose The purpose of this prospective, multi-centre study was to assess the performance and safety of a combination of osteoconductive β-tricalcium phosphate and osteoinductive native bone proteins (β-TCP - NBP) used as alternative for a…

Age- and sex-adjusted CT-based reference values for temporal muscle thickness, cross-sectional area and radiodensity Open

Emilia K Pesonen, Otso Arponen, Jaakko Niinimäki, Noemi Hernández, Lasse Pikkarainen , et al. · 2025

Muscle mass has been traditionally assessed by measuring paraspinal muscle areas at the level of the third lumbar vertebra on computed tomography (CT). Neurological or neurosurgical patients seldom undergo CT scans of the lumbar region. In…

Preoperative advanced adjacent segment degeneration is associated with significantly worse one-year leg pain outcomes following lumbar discectomy Open

T K Korhonen, Jyri Järvinen, Juha Pesälä, Marianne Haapea, Pentti Kinnunen , et al. · 2025

Association Between Cumulative G-force Exposure and Cervical Spine Degenerative Changes Open

Tuomas Keskimölö, Petteri Oura, Tuomas Honkanen, Jaakko Niinimäki, Roope Sovelius , et al. · 2024

Introduction Fighter pilots work in a unique environment and are subject to high G-force loads under simultaneous head movements. Neck pain is reported to be a common health problem among fighter pilots leading to time lost flying and flig…

Expanding bullets and ballistic gelatin – A restricted expansion experiment Open

Juho‐Antti Junno, Mikael Brix, Eveliina Lammentausta, Timo Liimatainen, Alina Junno , et al. · 2024

Ballistic gelatin has gained a status as standard method for terminal ballistic testing and experimenting. Variation considering the recipe and manufacturing of the blocks exists. The golden standard has been a cuboid gelatin block, dimens…

Three-dimensional visualization of gunshot cavities in ballistic gelatine with computed tomography – A forensic ballistics case study Open

Petteri Oura, Mikael Brix, Eveliina Lammentausta, Timo Liimatainen, Juha Kiljunen , et al. · 2024

Three-dimensional (3D) imaging, primarily computed tomography (CT), has proven valuable in the documentation and analysis of gunshot injuries. Explicit visualization of findings may play a pivotal role in judicial settings. This forensic b…

Musket ball injuries to the head – Experimental CT-study Open

Juho‐Antti Junno, Jaakko Niinimäki, Markku Niskanen, Alina Junno, Heli Maijanen , et al. · 2024

A smoothbore musket firing a round ball was the primary weapon of the infantry from the 16th to mid 19th century. Musket ball injuries are thus relatively common when archaeological remains of battlefield victims from that period are studi…

Financial impact of incorporating deep learning reconstruction into magnetic resonance imaging routine Open

Mikael Brix, Jyri Järvinen, Michaela K. Bode, Mika Nevalainen, Marko Nikki , et al. · 2024

Procuring DLR for our existing five-scanner fleet allows us to sustain our current MRI service levels without the need for an additional scanner, thereby achieving considerable cost savings. These reductions highlight the efficiency and ec…

Clinical Super-Resolution Computed Tomography of Bone Microstructure: Application in Musculoskeletal and Dental Imaging Open

S.J.O. Rytky, Aleksei Tiulpin, Mikko Finnilä, Sakari S. Karhula, Annina Sipola , et al. · 2024

Purpose Clinical cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) devices are limited to imaging features of half a millimeter in size and cannot quantify the tissue microstructure. We demonstrate a robust deep-learning method for enhancing clinical C…

Semiautomatic Assessment of Facet Tropism From Lumbar Spine MRI Using Deep Learning Open

Narasimharao Kowlagi, Antti Kemppainen, Egor Panfilov, Terence McSweeney, Simo Saarakkala , et al. · 2023

Study Design. This is a retrospective, cross-sectional, population-based study that automatically measured the facet joint (FJ) angles from T2-weighted axial magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs) of the lumbar spine using deep learning (DL). …

Sex estimation from humeral and femoral head diameters using CT-scans of living Finns Open

Heli Maijanen, Jeffrey James Lynch, Juho‐Antti Junno, Jaakko Niinimäki · 2023

This study used 155 computed tomography (CT) scans of Finns (81 males, 74 females) for creating population-specific sectioning points from femoral and humeral head diameters for the purposes of sex estimation. The study included four measu…

Observing the fragmentation of two expanding bullet types and a full metal-jacketed bullet with computed tomography—a forensic ballistics case study Open

Petteri Oura, Jaakko Niinimäki, Mikael Brix, Eveliina Lammentausta, Timo Liimatainen , et al. · 2023

Computed tomography (CT) may have a crucial role in the forensic documentation and analysis of firearm injuries. The aim of this forensic ballistics case study was to explore whether two types of expanding bullets and a full metal-jacketed…

Association between vertebral cross-sectional area and lumbar disc displacement – a population-based study Open

Laura Ollila, Petteri Oura, Jaro Karppinen, Jaakko Niinimäki, Juho‐Antti Junno · 2023

Purpose Vertebral dimensions may constitute a potential risk factor for degenerative changes in the spine. Previous studies have found a positive association between vertebral height and both type 2 Modic changes and intervertebral disc he…

Assessment of articular cartilage of ankle joint in stable and unstable unilateral weber type-B/SER-type ankle fractures shortly after trauma using T2 relaxation time Open

Sami Lehtovirta, Victor Casula, Marianne Haapea, Simo Nortunen, Sannamari Lepojärvi , et al. · 2023

Background Early detection of post-traumatic cartilage damage in the ankle joint in magnetic resonance images can be difficult due to disturbances to structures usually appearing over time. Purpose To study the articular cartilage of unila…

Clinical super-resolution computed tomography of bone microstructure: application in musculoskeletal and dental imaging Open

S.J.O. Rytky, Aleksei Tiulpin, Mikko Finnilä, Sakari S. Karhula, Annina Sipola , et al. · 2023

Objectives Clinical cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) devices are limited to imaging features of half a millimeter in size. Hence, they do not allow clinical quantification of bone microstructure, which plays an important role in osteoa…

Early disc degeneration in radiotherapy-treated childhood brain tumor survivors Open

Petra Grahn, Tiina Remes, Reetta Kivisaari, Maria Suo‐Palosaari, Pekka Arikoski , et al. · 2023

Background Childhood brain tumor (BT) survivors have an increased risk of treatment-related late effects, which can reduce health-related quality of life and increase morbidity. This study aimed to investigate lumbar disc degeneration in m…

The role of co-occurring insomnia and mental distress in the association between lumbar disc degeneration and low back pain related disability Open

Teija Mertimo, Eveliina Heikkala, Jaakko Niinimäki, Roberto Blanco Sequeiros, Juhani Määttä , et al. · 2023

Clinical Follow-Up without Radiographs Is Sufficient after Most Nonoperatively Treated Distal Radius Fractures in Children Open

Marja Perhomaa, Markus Stöckell, Tytti Pokka, Justus Lieber, Jaakko Niinimäki , et al. · 2023

Distal forearm fractures are common in children and are usually treated nonoperatively. No consensus has been reached on how to perform clinical and radiographic follow-up of these fractures. Our aim was to study whether radiographic and c…

The association between discoblock result and modic changes Open

T K Korhonen, Jyri Järvinen, Juha Pesälä, Marianne Haapea, Jaakko Niinimäki · 2023

External Validation of SpineNet, an Open-Source Deep Learning Model for Grading Lumbar Disk Degeneration MRI Features, Using the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Open

Terence McSweeney, Aleksei Tiulpin, Simo Saarakkala, Jaakko Niinimäki, Rhydian Windsor , et al. · 2022

Study Design. This is a retrospective observational study to externally validate a deep learning image classification model. Objective. Deep learning models such as SpineNet offer the possibility of automating the process of disk degenerat…

Early disc degeneration in radiotherapy-treated childhood brain tumor survivors Open

Petra Grahn, Tiina Remes, Reetta Kivisaari, Maria Suo‐Palosaari, Pekka Arikoski , et al. · 2022

Background: Childhood brain tumor (BT) survivors have an increased risk of treatment-related late effects, which can reduce health-related quality of life and increase morbidity. With an increasing population of childhood BT survivors, the…

Modic changes associated with greater pain relief following anesthetization of the adjacent lumbar intervertebral disc: A retrospective study of chronic low back pain patients Open

Tero Korhonen, Jyri Järvinen, Juha Pesälä, Marianne Haapea, Jaakko Niinimäki · 2022

The death of King Charles XII of Sweden revisited Open

Juho‐Antti Junno, Markku Niskanen, Heli Maijanen, Jaakko Niinimäki, Alina Junno , et al. · 2022

The death of King Charles XII of Sweden has remained as a mystery for more than three centuries. Was he assassinated by his own men or killed by the enemy fire? Charles was killed by a projectile perforating his skull from left to right. I…

Retrograde intramedullary nailing of the radius in children: A pilot magnetic resonance imaging study of soft-tissue findings Open

Marja Perhomaa, Antti Kyrö, Jaakko Niinimäki, Juha‐Jaakko Sinikumpu · 2022

Purpose: Unstable forearm shaft fractures in children are preferably treated surgically using elastic stable intramedullary nails. The radius is nailed retrograde from the distal metaphysis. There is a risk of surgery-related soft-tissue c…

Gravidity, parity and knee breadth at midlife: a population-based cohort study Open

Juho‐Antti Junno, Asla Keisu, Maarit Niinimäki, Jaakko Niinimäki, Petri Lehenkari , et al. · 2022

Gestation increases the biomechanical loading of lower extremities. Gestational loading may influence anthropometrics of articular surfaces in similar means as bone diaphyseal properties. This study aimed to investigate whether gravidity (…

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