Jack Landy
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View article: On the statistical relationship between sea ice freeboard and C-band microwave backscatter – a case study with Sentinel-1 and Operation IceBridge
On the statistical relationship between sea ice freeboard and C-band microwave backscatter – a case study with Sentinel-1 and Operation IceBridge Open
In this study, we evaluate the statistical relationship between sea ice freeboard and C-band microwave backscatter. By collocating observations between Sentinel-1 images and Operation IceBridge (OIB) measurements in April 2019, we evaluate…
View article: Enhanced neural network classification for Arctic summer sea ice
Enhanced neural network classification for Arctic summer sea ice Open
Lead/floe discrimination is essential for calculating sea ice freeboard and thickness (SIT) from radar altimetry. During the summer months (May–September) the classification is complicated by the presence of melt ponds. In this study, we d…
View article: Exploring the World of Sea-Ice Algae in Polar Regions
Exploring the World of Sea-Ice Algae in Polar Regions Open
Sea ice in the Arctic and Antarctic is home to microscopic algae that form the base of the food chain in polar marine ecosystems. Scientists investigate these algae by collecting samples from the sea ice and the water below. To understand …
View article: Near sea ice-free conditions in the northern route of the Northwest Passage at the end of the 2024 melt season
Near sea ice-free conditions in the northern route of the Northwest Passage at the end of the 2024 melt season Open
The Northwest Passage through the Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) provides a shorter transit route connecting the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean but ever-present sea ice has prevented its practical navigation. Sea ice area in the no…
View article: Initial assessment of all-season Arctic sea ice thickness from ICESat-2
Initial assessment of all-season Arctic sea ice thickness from ICESat-2 Open
We present an initial assessment of all-season Arctic sea ice thickness estimates from ICESat-2 by combining freeboard retrievals with all-season SnowModel-LG snow loading. ICESat-2 captures the key regional and seasonal patterns of Arctic…
View article: Bayesian inversion of satellite altimetry for Arctic sea ice and snow thickness
Bayesian inversion of satellite altimetry for Arctic sea ice and snow thickness Open
Inverse methods have been widely used in the field of Earth Sciences, particularly in seismology. Here, we introduce a new application of inversion theory to retrieve Arctic sea ice thickness (SIT) and its overlying snow depth (SD) using f…
View article: Impacts of air fraction increase on Arctic sea ice density, freeboard, and thickness estimation during the melt season
Impacts of air fraction increase on Arctic sea ice density, freeboard, and thickness estimation during the melt season Open
Arctic sea ice has undergone significant changes over the past 50 years. Modern large-scale estimates of sea ice thickness and volume come from satellite observations. However, these estimates have limited accuracy, especially during the m…
View article: Cryo2S1: Mapping sea ice radar freeboard in Sentinel-1 SAR imagery from CryoSat-2 using deep learning
Cryo2S1: Mapping sea ice radar freeboard in Sentinel-1 SAR imagery from CryoSat-2 using deep learning Open
Sea ice is critical to map for safe and efficient maritime navigation, to mitigate ship trapping and capsizing. Sea ice is also vital to monitor to assess the state of the changing climate and a critical component in climate and weather mo…
View article: On the Statistical Relationship between Sea Ice Freeboard and C-Band Microwave Backscatter – A Study with Sentinel-1 and Operation IceBridge
On the Statistical Relationship between Sea Ice Freeboard and C-Band Microwave Backscatter – A Study with Sentinel-1 and Operation IceBridge Open
In this study, we evaluate the statistical relationship between sea ice freeboard and C-band microwave backscatter. By collocating observations between Sentinel-1 images and Operation IceBridge (OIB) measurements in April 2019, we evaluate…
View article: Sensitivity to Sea Ice Thickness Parameters in a Coupled Ice‐Ocean Data Assimilation System
Sensitivity to Sea Ice Thickness Parameters in a Coupled Ice‐Ocean Data Assimilation System Open
Sea ice thickness (SIT) estimates derived from CryoSat‐2 radar freeboard measurements are assimilated into the Met Office's Forecast Ocean Assimilation Model. We test the sensitivity of winter simulations to the snow depth, radar freeboard…
View article: Snow depth estimation on leadless landfast ice using Cryo2Ice satellite observations
Snow depth estimation on leadless landfast ice using Cryo2Ice satellite observations Open
Observations of snow on Arctic Sea ice are vitally important for sea ice thickness estimation, bio-physical processes, and human activities. While previous studies have combined CryoSat-2- and ICESat-2-derived freeboards to estimate snow d…
View article: A multi-frequency altimetry snow depth product over Arctic sea ice
A multi-frequency altimetry snow depth product over Arctic sea ice Open
Sea ice thickness is an essential variable to understand and forecast the dynamic ice cover and can be estimated by satellite altimetry. Nevertheless, it is affected by uncertainties especially from snow depth, a key parameter to derive it…
View article: Smoother sea ice with fewer pressure ridges in a more dynamic Arctic
Smoother sea ice with fewer pressure ridges in a more dynamic Arctic Open
Pressure ridges, formed by sea ice deformation, affect momentum transfer in the Arctic Ocean and support a larger biomass than the surrounding-level ice. Although trends in Arctic sea ice thickness and concentration are well documented, ch…
View article: Toward a Multidecadal SAR Analysis of Sea Ice Types in the Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean
Toward a Multidecadal SAR Analysis of Sea Ice Types in the Atlantic Sector of the Arctic Ocean Open
We present a methodology to derive sea ice type classification maps in the Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean for the autumn through spring seasons, from 1991 to present. We use datasets from four C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sen…
View article: Observationally constrained estimates of the annual Arctic sea-ice volume budget 2010–2022
Observationally constrained estimates of the annual Arctic sea-ice volume budget 2010–2022 Open
Sea-ice floating in the Arctic ocean is a constantly moving, growing and melting layer. The seasonal cycle of sea-ice volume has an average amplitude of $10\,000\,\mathrm{km}^3$ or 9 trillion tonnes of sea ice. The role of dynamic redistri…
View article: Baffin Bay Ice Export and Production From Sentinel‐1, the RADARSAT Constellation Mission, and CryoSat‐2: 2016–2022
Baffin Bay Ice Export and Production From Sentinel‐1, the RADARSAT Constellation Mission, and CryoSat‐2: 2016–2022 Open
Baffin Bay is located between Greenland and several islands of the Canadian Arctic, providing a conduit for the downstream transport of ice and freshwater to the North Atlantic via Davis Strait. Using satellite observations from Sentinel‐1…
View article: Anticipating CRISTAL: An exploration of multi-frequency satellite altimeter snow depth estimates over Arctic sea ice, 2018–2023
Anticipating CRISTAL: An exploration of multi-frequency satellite altimeter snow depth estimates over Arctic sea ice, 2018–2023 Open
The EU and ESA plan to launch a dual-frequency Ku- and Ka-band polar-orbiting synthetic aperture radar (SAR) altimeter, CRISTAL (Copernicus Polar Ice and Snow Topography Altimeter), by 2028 to monitor polar sea ice thickness and its overly…
View article: Impacts of air fraction increase on Arctic sea-ice thickness retrieval during melt season
Impacts of air fraction increase on Arctic sea-ice thickness retrieval during melt season Open
Uncertainties in sea-ice density lead to high uncertainties in ice thickness retrieval from its freeboard. During the MOSAiC expedition, we observed the first-year ice (FYI) freeboard increase by 0.02 m while its thickness decreased by 0.5…
View article: Co-located OLCI optical imagery and SAR altimetry from Sentinel-3 for enhanced Arctic spring sea ice surface classification
Co-located OLCI optical imagery and SAR altimetry from Sentinel-3 for enhanced Arctic spring sea ice surface classification Open
The Sentinel-3A and Sentinel-3B satellites, launched in February 2016 and April 2018 respectively, build on the legacy of CryoSat-2 by providing high-resolution Ku-band radar altimetry data over the polar regions up to 81° North. The combi…
View article: Sea ice transport and replenishment across and within the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, 2016–2022
Sea ice transport and replenishment across and within the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, 2016–2022 Open
The Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA) serves as both a source and a sink for sea ice from the Arctic Ocean, while also exporting sea ice into Baffin Bay. We use observations from Sentinel-1, RADARSAT-2, the RADARSAT Constellation Mission (…
View article: Mapping Potential Timing of Ice Algal Blooms From Satellite
Mapping Potential Timing of Ice Algal Blooms From Satellite Open
As Arctic sea ice and its overlying snow cover thin, more light penetrates into the ice and upper ocean, shifting the phenology of algal growth within the bottom of sea ice, with cascading impacts on higher trophic levels of the Arctic mar…
View article: Arctic Freeboard and Snow Depth From Near‐Coincident CryoSat‐2 and ICESat‐2 (CRYO2ICE) Observations: A First Examination of Winter Sea Ice During 2020–2022
Arctic Freeboard and Snow Depth From Near‐Coincident CryoSat‐2 and ICESat‐2 (CRYO2ICE) Observations: A First Examination of Winter Sea Ice During 2020–2022 Open
In the summer of 2020, ESA changed the orbit of CryoSat‐2 to align periodically with NASA's ICESat‐2 mission, a campaign known as CRYO2ICE, which allows for near‐coincident CryoSat‐2 and ICESat‐2 observations in space and time over the Arc…
View article: Arctic sea ice freeboard during summer – a new Cryo-TEMPO product
Arctic sea ice freeboard during summer – a new Cryo-TEMPO product Open
Arctic sea ice thickness impacts various physical and biogeochemical processes at the air-ice-ocean interface. For example, it determines how much sunlight reaches the base of the ice – a key parameter for primary production. It is a…