Jacob Montgomery
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View article: Interpersonal influences on offending decisions: verbal communications and relationship to speaker
Interpersonal influences on offending decisions: verbal communications and relationship to speaker Open
Objective This study examines whether the impact of verbal communications on a potential offender’s perceptions of legal risks and anticipated social costs from crime varies depending on whether the communication is from a friend or a stra…
View article: Toward a framework for creating trustworthy measures with supervised machine learning for text
Toward a framework for creating trustworthy measures with supervised machine learning for text Open
Supervised learning is increasingly used in social science research to quantify abstract concepts in textual data. However, a review of recent studies reveals inconsistencies in reporting practices and validation standards. To address this…
View article: What Drives Perceptions of the Political in Online Advertising?: The Source, Content, and Political Orientation
What Drives Perceptions of the Political in Online Advertising?: The Source, Content, and Political Orientation Open
As digital platforms become a key channel for political advertising, there are continued calls for expanding regulation of digital political ads as a distinct content category. However, designing policies to meet these demands requires us …
View article: The Effects of Unsubstantiated Claims of Voter Fraud on Confidence in Elections – CORRIGENDUM
The Effects of Unsubstantiated Claims of Voter Fraud on Confidence in Elections – CORRIGENDUM Open
View article: Polarization but not populism strengthens the association between presidential election results and emotions
Polarization but not populism strengthens the association between presidential election results and emotions Open
We investigate whether election results are associated with emotional reactions among voters across democracies and under what conditions these responses are more intense. Building on recent work in comparative politics, we theorize that e…
View article: Speaking their language?: Multilingualism in party communication across democracies
Speaking their language?: Multilingualism in party communication across democracies Open
Which parties embrace multilingualism in their communication? Despite growing interest in parties’ multilingualism among normative scholars of deliberative democracy, empirical research has largely overlooked the linguistic aspect of party…
View article: A Dynamic, Ordinal Gaussian Process Item Response Theoretic Model
A Dynamic, Ordinal Gaussian Process Item Response Theoretic Model Open
Social scientists are often interested in using ordinal indicators to estimate latent traits that change over time. Frequently, this is done with item response theoretic (IRT) models that describe the relationship between those latent trai…
View article: Idiographic Personality Gaussian Process for Psychological Assessment
Idiographic Personality Gaussian Process for Psychological Assessment Open
We develop a novel measurement framework based on a Gaussian process coregionalization model to address a long-lasting debate in psychometrics: whether psychological features like personality share a common structure across the population,…
View article: More Distinctively Black and Feminine Faces Lead to Increased Stereotyping in Vision-Language Models
More Distinctively Black and Feminine Faces Lead to Increased Stereotyping in Vision-Language Models Open
Vision Language Models (VLMs), exemplified by GPT-4V, adeptly integrate text and vision modalities. This integration enhances Large Language Models' ability to mimic human perception, allowing them to process image inputs. Despite VLMs' ad…
View article: More Distinctively Black and Feminine Faces Lead to Increased Stereotyping in Vision-Language Models
More Distinctively Black and Feminine Faces Lead to Increased Stereotyping in Vision-Language Models Open
Vision Language Models (VLMs), exemplified by GPT-4V, adeptly integrate text and vision modalities. This integration enhances Large Language Models' ability to mimic human perception, allowing them to process image inputs. Despite VLMs' ad…
View article: Large Language Models Portray Socially Subordinate Groups as More Homogeneous, Consistent with a Bias Observed in Humans
Large Language Models Portray Socially Subordinate Groups as More Homogeneous, Consistent with a Bias Observed in Humans Open
Large language models (LLMs) are becoming pervasive in everyday life, yet their propensity to reproduce biases inherited from training data remains a pressing concern. Prior investigations into bias in LLMs have focused on the association …
View article: Non-Targeted Detection of Synthetic Oligonucleotides in Equine Serum Using Liquid Chromatography–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry
Non-Targeted Detection of Synthetic Oligonucleotides in Equine Serum Using Liquid Chromatography–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Open
There is great concern in equine sport over the potential use of pharmaceutical agents capable of editing the genome or modifying the expression of gene products. Synthetic oligonucleotides are short, single-stranded polynucleotides that r…
View article: More Distinctively Black and Feminine Faces Lead to Increased Stereotyping in Vision-Language Models
More Distinctively Black and Feminine Faces Lead to Increased Stereotyping in Vision-Language Models Open
Vision Language Models (VLMs), exemplified by GPT-4V, adeptly integrate text and vision modalities. This integration enhances Large Language Models' ability to mimic human perception, allowing them to process image inputs. Despite VLMs' ad…
View article: Large Language Models Portray Socially Subordinate Groups as More Homogeneous, Consistent with a Bias Observed in Humans
Large Language Models Portray Socially Subordinate Groups as More Homogeneous, Consistent with a Bias Observed in Humans Open
Large language models (LLMs) are becoming pervasive in everyday life, yet their propensity to reproduce biases inherited from training data remains a pressing concern. Prior investigations into bias in LLMs have focused on the association …
View article: America’s racial framework of superiority and Americanness embedded in natural language
America’s racial framework of superiority and Americanness embedded in natural language Open
America’s racial framework can be summarized using two distinct dimensions: superiority/inferiority and Americanness/foreignness (Zou & Cheryan, 2017). We investigated America’s racial framework in a corpus of spoken and written langua…
View article: America's racial framework of superiority and Americanness embedded in natural language
America's racial framework of superiority and Americanness embedded in natural language Open
America's racial framework can be summarized using two distinct dimensions: superiority/inferiority and Americanness/foreignness. We investigated America's racial framework in a corpus of spoken and written language using word embeddings. …
View article: Partisanship and older Americans’ engagement with dubious political news
Partisanship and older Americans’ engagement with dubious political news Open
Studies based on digital trace data show that older Americans visit and share dubious news sources far more often than younger cohorts, tendencies often attributed to lower levels of digital literacy. At the same time, survey experiments s…
View article: Replication Data for: Ends Against the Middle: Measuring Latent Traits When Opposites Respond the Same Way for Antithetical Reasons
Replication Data for: Ends Against the Middle: Measuring Latent Traits When Opposites Respond the Same Way for Antithetical Reasons Open
Standard methods for measuring latent traits from categorical data assume that response functions are monotonic. This assumption is violated when individuals from both extremes respond identically but for conflicting reasons. Two survey re…
View article: Polls, Context, and Time: A Dynamic Hierarchical Bayesian Forecasting Model for US Senate Elections
Polls, Context, and Time: A Dynamic Hierarchical Bayesian Forecasting Model for US Senate Elections Open
We present a hierarchical Dirichlet regression model with Gaussian process priors that enables accurate and well-calibrated forecasts for US Senate elections at varying time horizons. This Bayesian model provides a balance between predicti…
View article: The Effects of Unsubstantiated Claims of Voter Fraud on Confidence in Elections
The Effects of Unsubstantiated Claims of Voter Fraud on Confidence in Elections Open
Political elites sometimes seek to delegitimize election results using unsubstantiated claims of fraud. Most recently, Donald Trump sought to overturn his loss in the 2020 US presidential election by falsely alleging widespread fraud. Our …
View article: Overconfidence in news judgments is associated with false news susceptibility
Overconfidence in news judgments is associated with false news susceptibility Open
Significance Although Americans believe the confusion caused by false news is extensive, relatively few indicate having seen or shared it—a discrepancy suggesting that members of the public may not only have a hard time identifying false n…
View article: Replication Data for: Topics, Concepts, and Measurement: A Crowdsourced Procedure for Validating Topics as Measures
Replication Data for: Topics, Concepts, and Measurement: A Crowdsourced Procedure for Validating Topics as Measures Open
Topic models, as developed in computer science, are effective tools for exploring and summarizing large document collections. When applied in social science research, however, they are commonly used for measurement, a task that requires ca…
View article: Love and Anger in Global Party Politics
Love and Anger in Global Party Politics Open
The reactions feature of Facebook provides an opportunity to explore emotional responses to political messages across the globe on a common platform. In this article, we describe this new measure and present a dataset of over two million p…
View article: Replication Data for: Love and Anger in Global Party Politics: Facebook Reactions to Political Party Posts in 79 Democracies
Replication Data for: Love and Anger in Global Party Politics: Facebook Reactions to Political Party Posts in 79 Democracies Open
The reactions feature of Facebook provides an opportunity to explore emotional responses to political messages across the globe on a common platform. In this article, we describe this new measure and present a dataset of over two million p…
View article: Replication Data for: The Effects of Unsubstantiated Claims of Voter Fraud on Confidence in Elections
Replication Data for: The Effects of Unsubstantiated Claims of Voter Fraud on Confidence in Elections Open
Replication materials for, "The Effects of Unsubstantiated Claims of Voter Fraud on Confidence in Elections" including datasets and statistical code.
View article: Understanding community assembly rules in managed floodplain food webs
Understanding community assembly rules in managed floodplain food webs Open
Community assembly has been an important topic in ecological research and theory for over a century. Recently, restoration ecologists have emphasized the use of community assembly rules, such as environmental filtering, to better inform ma…
View article: A digital media literacy intervention increases discernment between mainstream and false news in the United States and India
A digital media literacy intervention increases discernment between mainstream and false news in the United States and India Open
Widespread belief in misinformation circulating online is a critical challenge for modern societies. While research to date has focused on psychological and political antecedents to this phenomenon, few studies have explored the role of di…
View article: GPIRT: A Gaussian Process Model for Item Response Theory
GPIRT: A Gaussian Process Model for Item Response Theory Open
The goal of item response theoretic (IRT) models is to provide estimates of latent traits from binary observed indicators and at the same time to learn the item response functions (IRFs) that map from latent trait to observed response. How…
View article: Replication Data for: "GPIRT: A Gaussian Process Model for Item Response Theory"
Replication Data for: "GPIRT: A Gaussian Process Model for Item Response Theory" Open
This repository contains the code and raw data necessary to reproduce the results in "GPIRT: A Gaussian Process Model for Item Response Theory" by JBrandon Duck-Mayr, Roman Garnett, and Jacob M. Montgomery.
View article: Replication Data for: "A digital media literacy intervention increases discernment between mainstream and false news in the United States and India"
Replication Data for: "A digital media literacy intervention increases discernment between mainstream and false news in the United States and India" Open
Widespread belief in misinformation circulating online is a critical challenge for modern societies. While research to date has focused on psychological and political antecedents to this phenomenon, few studies have explored the role of di…