Explanipedia

Krylov Complexity Meets Confinement Open

Xudong Jiang, Jad C. Halimeh, N. S. Srivatsa · 2025

In high-energy physics, confinement denotes the tendency of fundamental particles to remain bound together, preventing their observation as free, isolated entities. Interestingly, analogous confinement behavior emerges in certain condensed…

Prethermal gauge structure and surface growth in $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge theories Open

Lukas Homeier, Andrea Pizzi, Hongzheng Zhao, Jad C. Halimeh, Fabian Grusdt , et al. · 2025

Universal aspects of thermalization in interacting many-body systems are typically challenging to derive microscopically, yet provide a powerful framework for understanding emergent phenomena. Here, we numerically study the mean-field dyna…

Role of Plaquette Term in Genuine $2+1$D String Dynamics on Quantum Simulators Open

Yujia Tian, N. S. Srivatsa, Kaidi Xu, Jesse J. Osborne, Umberto Borla , et al. · 2025

With the advent of quantum simulators of $2+1$D lattice gauge theories (LGTs), a fundamental open question is under what circumstances the observed physics is genuinely $2+1$D rather than effectively $1+1$D. Here, we address this question …

Truncation uncertainties for accurate quantum simulations of lattice gauge theories Open

Anthony N. Ciavarella, Siddharth Hariprakash, Jad C. Halimeh, C. Bauer · 2025

The encoding of lattice gauge theories onto quantum computers requires a discretization of the gauge field's Hilbert space on each link, which presents errors with respect to the Kogut--Susskind limit. In the electric basis, Hilbert space …

Probing confinement through dynamical quantum phase transitions: From quantum spin models to lattice gauge theories Open

NULL AUTHOR_ID, Ian P. McCulloch, Jad C. Halimeh · 2025

Confinement is an intriguing phenomenon prevalent in condensed matter and high-energy physics. Exploring its effect on the far-from-equilibrium criticality of quantum many-body systems is of great interest from both a fundamental and a tec…

Efficient Qudit Circuit for Quench Dynamics of $2+1$D Quantum Link Electrodynamics Open

Rohan Joshi, M. Meth, Jan C. Louw, Jesse J. Osborne, Kevin Mato , et al. · 2025

A major challenge in the burgeoning field of quantum simulation for high-energy physics is the realization of scalable $2+1$D lattice gauge theories on state-of-the-art quantum hardware, which is an essential step towards the overarching g…

Probing Hadron Scattering in Lattice Gauge Theories on Qudit Quantum Computers Open

Rohan Joshi, Jan C. Louw, M. Meth, Jesse J. Osborne, Kevin Mato , et al. · 2025

An overarching goal in the flourishing field of quantum simulation for high-energy physics is the first-principles study of the microscopic dynamics of scattering processes on a quantum computer. Currently, this is hampered by small system…

Large-scale 2 + 1D U(1) gauge theory with dynamical matter in a cold-atom quantum simulator Open

Jesse J. Osborne, Ian P. McCulloch, Bing Yang, Philipp Hauke, Jad C. Halimeh · 2025

A major driver of quantum-simulator technology is the prospect of probing high-energy phenomena in synthetic quantum matter setups at a high level of control and tunability. Here, we propose an experimentally feasible realization of a larg…

String Breaking Dynamics and Glueball Formation in a $2+1$D Lattice Gauge Theory Open

Kaidi Xu, Umberto Borla, Sergej Moroz, Jad C. Halimeh · 2025

With the advent of advanced quantum processors capable of probing lattice gauge theories (LGTs) in higher spatial dimensions, it is crucial to understand string dynamics in such models to guide upcoming experiments and to make connections …

Universal framework with exponential speedup for the quantum simulation of quantum field theories including QCD Open

Jad C. Halimeh, Shunji Matsuura · 2025

We present a quantum simulation framework universally applicable to a wide class of quantum systems, including quantum field theories such as quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Specifically, we generalize an efficient quantum simulation protoco…

Quantum simulation of fermionic non-Abelian lattice gauge theories in $(2+1)$D with built-in gauge protection Open

Gaia De Paciani, Lukas Homeier, Jad C. Halimeh, Monika Aidelsburger, Fabian Grusdt · 2025

Recent advancements in the field of quantum simulation have significantly expanded the potential for applications, particularly in the context of lattice gauge theories (LGTs). Maintaining gauge invariance throughout a simulation remains a…

Mass-assisted local deconfinement in a confined lattice gauge theory Open

Jean-Yves Desaules, Thomas Iadecola, Jad C. Halimeh · 2025

Confinement is a prominent phenomenon in condensed-matter and high-energy physics that has recently become the focus of quantum-simulation experiments of lattice gauge theories (LGTs). As such, a theoretical understanding of the effect of …

Observation of hadron scattering in a lattice gauge theory on a quantum computer Open

Julian Schuhmacher, Guo-Xian Su, Jesse J. Osborne, Anthony Gandon, Jad C. Halimeh , et al. · 2025

Scattering experiments are at the heart of high-energy physics (HEP), breaking matter down to its fundamental constituents, probing its formation, and providing deep insight into the inner workings of nature. In the current huge drive to f…

Disorder-Free Localization and Fragmentation in a Non-Abelian Lattice Gauge Theory Open

Giovanni Cataldi, Giuseppe Calajò, Pietro Silvi, Simone Montangero, Jad C. Halimeh · 2025

We investigate how isolated quantum many-body systems equilibrate when quenched far from equilibrium under non-Abelian gauge-symmetry constraints. By encoding gauge superselection sectors into static $\mathrm{SU}(2)$ background charges, we…

Bosonic vs. Fermionic Matter in Quantum Simulations of $2+1$D Gauge Theories Open

N. S. Srivatsa, Jesse J. Osborne, Debasish Banerjee, Jad C. Halimeh · 2025

Quantum link models extend lattice gauge theories beyond the traditional Wilson formulation and present promising candidates for both digital and analog quantum simulations. Fermionic matter coupled to $U(1)$ quantum link gauge fields has …

Hilbert space fragmentation at the origin of disorder-free localization in the lattice Schwinger model Open

Jared Jeyaretnam, Tanmay Bhore, Jesse J. Osborne, Jad C. Halimeh, Zlatko Papić · 2025

Quantum many-body scarring in a non-Abelian lattice gauge theory Open

Giuseppe Calajò, Giovanni Cataldi, Marco Rigobello, Darvin Wanisch, Giuseppe Magnifico , et al. · 2025

Quantum many-body scarring (QMBS) is an intriguing mechanism of weak ergodicity breaking that has recently spurred significant attention. Particularly prominent in Abelian lattice gauge theories (LGTs), an open question is whether QMBS non…

Suppressing nonperturbative gauge errors in the thermodynamic limit using local pseudogenerators Open

Maarten Van Damme, Julius Mildenberger, Fabian Grusdt, Philipp Hauke, Jad C. Halimeh · 2025

With recent progress in quantum simulations of lattice-gauge theories, it is becoming a pressing question how to reliably protect the gauge symmetry that defines such models. Recently, an experimentally feasible gauge-protection scheme has…

Generic Hilbert Space Fragmentation in Kogut--Susskind Lattice Gauge Theories Open

Anthony N. Ciavarella, C. Bauer, Jad C. Halimeh · 2025

At the heart of quantum many-body physics lies the understanding of mechanisms that avoid quantum thermalization in an isolated system quenched far from equilibrium. A prominent example is Hilbert space fragmentation, which has recently em…

String Breaking in a $2+1$D $\mathbb{Z}_2$ Lattice Gauge Theory Open

Umberto Borla, Jesse J. Osborne, Sergej Moroz, Jad C. Halimeh · 2025

String breaking is an intriguing phenomenon crucial to the understanding of lattice gauge theories (LGTs), with strong relevance to both condensed matter and high-energy physics (HEP). Recent experiments investigating string breaking in $2…

A universal framework for the quantum simulation of Yang-Mills theory Open

Jad C. Halimeh, Masanori Hanada, Shunji Matsuura, Franco Nori, Enrico Rinaldi , et al. · 2024

We provide a universal framework for the quantum simulation of SU(N) Yang--Mills theories on fault-tolerant digital quantum computers adopting the orbifold lattice formulation. As warm-up examples, we also consider simple models, including…

Probing false vacuum decay on a cold-atom gauge-theory quantum simulator Open

Zi-Hang Zhu, Ying Liu, Gianluca Lagnese, Federica Maria Surace, Wei-Yong Zhang , et al. · 2024

In the context of quantum electrodynamics, the decay of false vacuum leads to the production of electron-positron pair, a phenomenon known as the Schwinger effect. In practical experimental scenarios, producing a pair requires an extremely…

Unifying finite-temperature dynamical and excited-state quantum phase transitions Open

Ángel L. Corps, A. Relaño, Jad C. Halimeh · 2024

In recent years, various notions of dynamical phase transitions have emerged to describe far-from-equilibrium criticality. A unifying framework connecting these different concepts is still missing, and would provide significant progress to…

Cold-Atom Particle Collider Open

Guo-Xian Su, Jesse J. Osborne, Jad C. Halimeh · 2024

A major objective of the strong ongoing drive to realize quantum simulators of gauge theories is achieving the capability to probe collider-relevant physics on them. In this regard, a highly pertinent and sought-after application is the co…

Disorder-Free Localization for Benchmarking Quantum Computers Open

Jad C. Halimeh, Uliana E. Khodaeva, D. L. Kovrizhin, Roderich Moessner, Johannes Knolle · 2024

Disorder-free localization (DFL) is a phenomenon as striking as it appears to be simple: a translationally invariant state evolving under a disorder-free Hamiltonian failing to thermalize. It is predicted to occur in a number of quantum sy…

Robust finite-temperature many-body scarring on a quantum computer Open

Jean-Yves Desaules, Erik Gustafson, Andy C. Y. Li, Zlatko Papić, Jad C. Halimeh · 2024

Mechanisms for suppressing thermalization in disorder-free many-body systems, such as Hilbert space fragmentation and quantum many-body scars, have recently attracted much interest in foundations of quantum statistical physics and potentia…

Spin Exchange-Enabled Quantum Simulator for Large-Scale Non-Abelian Gauge Theories Open

Jad C. Halimeh, Lukas Homeier, Annabelle Bohrdt, Fabian Grusdt · 2024

A central requirement for the faithful implementation of large-scale lattice gauge theories (LGTs) on quantum simulators is the protection of the underlying gauge symmetry. Recent advancements in the experimental realizations of large-scal…

Hilbert space fragmentation at the origin of disorder-free localization in the lattice Schwinger model Open

Jared Jeyaretnam, Tanmay Bhore, Jesse J. Osborne, Jad C. Halimeh, Zlatko Papić · 2024

Lattice gauge theories, discretized cousins of continuum gauge theories arising in the Standard Model, have become important platforms for exploring non-equilibrium quantum phenomena. Recent works have reported the possibility of disorder-…

Quantum Computing for High-Energy Physics: State of the Art and Challenges Open

Alberto Di Meglio, Karl Jansen, Ivano Tavernelli, Constantia Alexandrou, Srinivasan Arunachalam , et al. · 2024

Quantum computers offer an intriguing path for a paradigmatic change of computing in the natural sciences and beyond, with the potential for achieving a so-called quantum advantage—namely, a significant (in some cases exponential) speedup …

Meson Mass Sets Onset Time of Anomalous Dynamical Quantum Phase Transitions Open

Jesse J. Osborne, Johannes Knaute, Ian P. McCulloch, Jad C. Halimeh · 2024

Dynamical quantum phase transitions (DQPTs) have been established as a rigorous framework for investigating far-from-equilibrium quantum many-body criticality. Although initially thought to be trivially connected to an order parameter flip…

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