James C. Williams
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View article: Kidney-specific claudin-2 deficiency leads to medullary nephrocalcinosis in mice
Kidney-specific claudin-2 deficiency leads to medullary nephrocalcinosis in mice Open
Deposits of hydroxyapatite called Randall's plaques are found in the renal papilla of calcium oxalate kidney stone formers and likely serve as the nidus for stone formation, but their pathogenesis is unknown. Claudin-2 is a paracellular io…
View article: Cellular and Spatial Drivers of Unresolved Injury and Functional Decline in the Human Kidney
Cellular and Spatial Drivers of Unresolved Injury and Functional Decline in the Human Kidney Open
Building upon a foundational Human Kidney resource, we present a comprehensive multi-modal atlas that defines spatially resolved versus unresolved repair states and mechanisms in human kidney disease. Homeostatic interactions between injur…
View article: Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy of Randall’s plaque stones: an unexpected finding of monosodium urate crystals
Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy of Randall’s plaque stones: an unexpected finding of monosodium urate crystals Open
Randall’s plaques (RP) are located at the papillary tip, originating in the basement membranes of the thin loops of Henle, vasa recta and collecting ducts, and are associated with kidney stone retention. Disruption of the papillary epithel…
View article: Betaine Supplementation Improves 60 km Cycling Time Trial Performance and One-Carbon Metabolism in Cyclists During Recovery
Betaine Supplementation Improves 60 km Cycling Time Trial Performance and One-Carbon Metabolism in Cyclists During Recovery Open
Background/Objectives: This study examined the effects of 2 weeks of betaine versus placebo supplementation (3 g/d) on 60 km cycling performance, gut permeability, and shifts in plasma metabolites. Methods: Participants included 21 male an…
View article: Integration of spatial protein imaging and transcriptomics in the human kidney tracks the regenerative potential of proximal tubules
Integration of spatial protein imaging and transcriptomics in the human kidney tracks the regenerative potential of proximal tubules Open
The organizational principles of nephronal segments are based on anatomical and physiological attributes that are linked to the homeostatic functions of the kidney. Recent molecular approaches have uncovered layers of deeper signatures and…
View article: Betaine Supplementation Improves 60-km Cycling Time Trial Performance and One-Carbon Metabolism in Cyclists During Recovery
Betaine Supplementation Improves 60-km Cycling Time Trial Performance and One-Carbon Metabolism in Cyclists During Recovery Open
Background/Objectives: This study examined the effects of 2-weeks betaine versus placebo supplementation (3 g/d) on 60-km cycling performance, gut permeability, and shifts in plasma metabolites. Methods: Participants included 21 male and f…
View article: Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy Reveal Amorphous Apatitic Cores in Ductal plugs bearing Calcium Oxalate Stone Overgrowths
Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy Reveal Amorphous Apatitic Cores in Ductal plugs bearing Calcium Oxalate Stone Overgrowths Open
Kidney stone prevalence is increasing, with high recurrence rates and associations with comorbidities such as metabolic syndrome and chronic kidney disease. The most common stones in nephrolithiasis are calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones, eithe…
View article: Selective Influence of Hemp Fiber Ingestion on Post-Exercise Gut Permeability: A Metabolomics-Based Analysis
Selective Influence of Hemp Fiber Ingestion on Post-Exercise Gut Permeability: A Metabolomics-Based Analysis Open
Objectives: This study investigated the effects of 2-week ingestion of hemp fiber (high and low doses) versus placebo bars on gut permeability and plasma metabolite shifts during recovery from 2.25 h intensive cycling. Hemp hull powder is …
View article: Gut Prevotella copri abundance linked to elevated post-exercise inflammation
Gut Prevotella copri abundance linked to elevated post-exercise inflammation Open
This analysis revealed for the first time a novel, positive relationship between gut microbiome P. copri abundance in cyclists and post-exercise pro-inflammatory oxylipins. These data demonstrate that about two-thirds of the wide variance …
View article: Selective Influence of Hemp Fiber Ingestion on Post-Exercise Gut Permeability: A Metabolomics-Based Analysis
Selective Influence of Hemp Fiber Ingestion on Post-Exercise Gut Permeability: A Metabolomics-Based Analysis Open
Objectives: This study investigated the effects of 2-weeks ingestion of hemp fiber (high and low doses) versus placebo bars on gut permeability and plasma metabolite shifts during recovery from 2.25 h intensive cycling. Hemp hull powder is…
View article: Acute Reduction of Glomerular Filtration and Renal Plasma Flow by Telazol in Laboratory Swine
Acute Reduction of Glomerular Filtration and Renal Plasma Flow by Telazol in Laboratory Swine Open
The goal of this retrospective study was to determine whether having added tiletamine–zolazepam to an anesthetic cocktail of ketamine and xylazine (KX) during an ongoing series of studies of renal function in domestic pigs changed baseline…
View article: Integration of spatial multiplexed protein imaging and transcriptomics in the human kidney tracks the regenerative potential timeline of proximal tubules
Integration of spatial multiplexed protein imaging and transcriptomics in the human kidney tracks the regenerative potential timeline of proximal tubules Open
The organizational principles of nephronal segments are based on longstanding anatomical and physiological attributes that are closely linked to the homeostatic functions of the kidney. Novel molecular approaches have recently uncovered la…
View article: A Multiomics Evaluation of the Countermeasure Influence of 4-Week Cranberry Beverage Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Changes in Innate Immunity
A Multiomics Evaluation of the Countermeasure Influence of 4-Week Cranberry Beverage Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Changes in Innate Immunity Open
Objectives: This study examined the effect of a 4-week unsweetened cranberry beverage (CRAN) (317 mg polyphenols) versus placebo beverage (PLAC) ingestion (240 mL/day) on moderating exercise-induced changes in innate immunity. Methods: Par…
View article: A Multiomics Evaluation of the Countermeasure Influence of 4-Weeks Cranberry Beverage Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Changes in Innate Immunity
A Multiomics Evaluation of the Countermeasure Influence of 4-Weeks Cranberry Beverage Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Changes in Innate Immunity Open
Keywords: cranberry, exercise, proteomics, oxylipins, gut microbiome, metabolomics, immunity
View article: Two distinct phenotypes of calcium oxalate stone formers could imply different long-term risks for renal function
Two distinct phenotypes of calcium oxalate stone formers could imply different long-term risks for renal function Open
View article: Beet supplementation mitigates post-exercise inflammation
Beet supplementation mitigates post-exercise inflammation Open
Objectives This study investigated the efficacy of a mixed beet-based supplement (BEET) versus placebo (PL) in countering inflammation during recovery from 2.25 h of intensive cycling in 20 male and female cyclists. A multi-omics approach …
View article: A four‐grating interferometer for x‐ray multi‐contrast imaging
A four‐grating interferometer for x‐ray multi‐contrast imaging Open
Background X‐ray multi‐contrast imaging with gratings provides a practical method to detect differential phase and dark‐field contrast images in addition to the x‐ray absorption image traditionally obtained in laboratory or hospital enviro…
View article: Skeletal anomalies in gilthead seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) larvae reared in different densities and water volumes
Skeletal anomalies in gilthead seabream (<i>Sparus aurata</i>) larvae reared in different densities and water volumes Open
This study describes the effects on the skeletal phenotype of two pivotal factors, density and water volume, don the hatchery (larval) phase of gilthead seabream ( Sparus aurata ) larvae previoulsy described for two model species ( Danio r…
View article: Some thoughts on alloy design
Some thoughts on alloy design Open
This paper discusses some of the problems associated with attempts to use first principles in alloy design. We briefly summarize the role of microstructure on the properties of high temperature alloys and illustrate some of the microstruct…
View article: A Multiomics Evaluation of the Countermeasure Influence of 4-Week Cranberry Beverage Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Changes in Innate Immunity
A Multiomics Evaluation of the Countermeasure Influence of 4-Week Cranberry Beverage Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Changes in Innate Immunity Open
Objectives: This study examined the effect of a 4-week unsweetened cranberry beverage (CRAN) (317 mg polyphenols) versus placebo beverage (PLAC) ingestion (240 mL/day) on moderating exercise-induced changes in innate immunity. Methods: Par…
View article: Metastatic Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Presenting as Renal Failure From IgA Nephropathy
Metastatic Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer Presenting as Renal Failure From IgA Nephropathy Open
Studies have highlighted a potential link between malignancies and immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). In such studies, the treatment of malignancy improved the symptoms of IgAN. Here, we report a patient case involving a history of hyper…
View article: Influence of 2 Weeks of Mango Ingestion on Inflammation Resolution after Vigorous Exercise
Influence of 2 Weeks of Mango Ingestion on Inflammation Resolution after Vigorous Exercise Open
Mangoes have a unique nutrient profile (carotenoids, polyphenols, sugars, and vitamins) that we hypothesized would mitigate post-exercise inflammation. This study examined the effects of mango ingestion on moderating exercise-induced infla…
View article: Influence of 2-Weeks Mango Ingestion on Inflammation Resolution After Vigorous Exercise
Influence of 2-Weeks Mango Ingestion on Inflammation Resolution After Vigorous Exercise Open
Mangoes have a unique nutrient profile (carotenoids, polyphenols, sugars, vitamins) that we hypothesized would mitigate post-exercise inflammation. This study examined the effects of mango ingestion in moderating exercise-induced inflammat…
View article: Single Nucleus RNA Sequencing of Remnant Kidney Biopsies and Urine Cell RNA Sequencing Reveal Cell Specific Markers of Covid-19 Acute Kidney Injury
Single Nucleus RNA Sequencing of Remnant Kidney Biopsies and Urine Cell RNA Sequencing Reveal Cell Specific Markers of Covid-19 Acute Kidney Injury Open
Acute kidney injury (AKI) in COVID-19 patients is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Critically ill COVID-19 patients are at twice the risk of in-hospital mortality compared to non-COVID AKI patients. We know little about the ce…
View article: Sample preparation and analysis protocols for the elucidation of structure and chemical distribution in kidney stones
Sample preparation and analysis protocols for the elucidation of structure and chemical distribution in kidney stones Open
View article: Precision Medicine in Nephrology: An Integrative Framework of Multidimensional Data in the Kidney Precision Medicine Project
Precision Medicine in Nephrology: An Integrative Framework of Multidimensional Data in the Kidney Precision Medicine Project Open
View article: Micro-CT Analysis of Renal Papillae Shows That Randall's Plaque Formation Occurs Independently of Ductal Plugging
Micro-CT Analysis of Renal Papillae Shows That Randall's Plaque Formation Occurs Independently of Ductal Plugging Open
Randall's plaque (RP) is associated with retention and early kidney stone formation. A recent hypothesis proposes that upstream-mineral plugging of tubules initiates downstream calcifications that lead to formation of RP at the papilla tip…
View article: A spatially anchored transcriptomic atlas of the human kidney papilla identifies significant immune injury in patients with stone disease
A spatially anchored transcriptomic atlas of the human kidney papilla identifies significant immune injury in patients with stone disease Open
View article: An atlas of healthy and injured cell states and niches in the human kidney
An atlas of healthy and injured cell states and niches in the human kidney Open
Understanding kidney disease relies on defining the complexity of cell types and states, their associated molecular profiles and interactions within tissue neighbourhoods 1 . Here we applied multiple single-cell and single-nucleus assays (…
View article: A crystallin mutant cataract with mineral deposits
A crystallin mutant cataract with mineral deposits Open