James N. Moum
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View article: Imaging Thermocline Microstructure in 2D With Swaths Traced by Wave‐Pumped χ $\chi $pods
Imaging Thermocline Microstructure in 2D With Swaths Traced by Wave‐Pumped χ $\chi $pods Open
Quasi two‐dimensional visualizations of microstructure in the thermocline are created by processing pod signals in a nonstandard way. As the moored instrument is pumped by surface waves, the fast thermistors at each end trace out verticall…
View article: Seasonal productivity of the equatorial Atlantic shaped by distinct wind-driven processes
Seasonal productivity of the equatorial Atlantic shaped by distinct wind-driven processes Open
The eastern equatorial Atlantic hosts a productive marine ecosystem that depends on upward supply of nitrate, the primary limiting nutrient in this region. The annual productivity peak, indicated by elevated surface chlorophyll levels, occ…
View article: Deep-Cycle Turbulence in the Upper Pacific Equatorial Ocean: Characterization by LES and Heat Flux Parameterization
Deep-Cycle Turbulence in the Upper Pacific Equatorial Ocean: Characterization by LES and Heat Flux Parameterization Open
Observations in the Pacific Equatorial Undercurrents (EUC) show that the nighttime deep-cycle turbulence (DCT) in the marginal-instability (MI) layer of the EUC exhibits seasonal variability that can modulate heat transport and sea surface…
View article: Near-Inertial Energy Variability in a Strong Mesoscale Eddy Field in the Iceland Basin
Near-Inertial Energy Variability in a Strong Mesoscale Eddy Field in the Iceland Basin Open
An 18-month deployment of moored sensors in Iceland Basin allows characterization of near-inertial (frequencies near the Coriolis frequency f with periods of ~14 h) internal gravity wave generation and propagation in a region with an activ…
View article: Blocked Drainpipes and Smoking Chimneys: Discovery of New Near-Inertial Wave Phenomena in Anticyclones
Blocked Drainpipes and Smoking Chimneys: Discovery of New Near-Inertial Wave Phenomena in Anticyclones Open
Time-varying winds blowing over an eddying ocean generate near-inertial waves (NIWs) that tend to be trapped in anticyclones. Such anticyclones have been termed inertial chimneys in the past but have recently been renamed inertial drainpi…
View article: Prolonged thermocline warming by near-inertial internal waves in the wakes of tropical cyclones
Prolonged thermocline warming by near-inertial internal waves in the wakes of tropical cyclones Open
Turbulence-enhanced mixing of upper ocean heat allows interaction between the tropical atmosphere and cold water masses that impact climate at higher latitudes thereby regulating air–sea coupling and poleward heat transport. Tropical cyclo…
View article: Wind Dependencies of Deep Cycle Turbulence in the Equatorial Cold Tongues
Wind Dependencies of Deep Cycle Turbulence in the Equatorial Cold Tongues Open
Several years of moored turbulence measurements from χ pods at three sites in the equatorial cold tongues of Atlantic and Pacific Oceans yield new insights into proxy estimates of turbulence that specifically target the cold tongues. They …
View article: Damping of Inertial Motions through the Radiation of Near-Inertial Waves in a Dipole Vortex in the Iceland Basin
Damping of Inertial Motions through the Radiation of Near-Inertial Waves in a Dipole Vortex in the Iceland Basin Open
Along with boundary layer turbulence, downward radiation of near-inertial waves (NIWs) damps inertial oscillations (IOs) in the surface ocean; however, the latter can also energize abyssal mixing. Here we present observations made from a d…
View article: A Vorticity‐Divergence View of Internal Wave Generation by a Fast‐Moving Tropical Cyclone: Insights From Super Typhoon Mangkhut
A Vorticity‐Divergence View of Internal Wave Generation by a Fast‐Moving Tropical Cyclone: Insights From Super Typhoon Mangkhut Open
Tropical cyclones (TCs) are powered by heat fluxes across the air‐sea interface, which are in turn influenced by subsurface physical processes that can modulate storm intensity. Here, we use data from 6 profiling floats to recreate 3D fiel…
View article: The Coupling Between Tropical Meteorology, Aerosol Lifecycle, Convection, and Radiation during the Cloud, Aerosol and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex)
The Coupling Between Tropical Meteorology, Aerosol Lifecycle, Convection, and Radiation during the Cloud, Aerosol and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex) Open
The NASA Cloud, Aerosol, and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP 2 Ex) employed the NASA P-3, Stratton Park Engineering Company (SPEC) Learjet 35, and a host of satellites and surface sensors to characterize the coupling of aero…
View article: A turbulence data reduction scheme for autonomous and expendable profiling floats
A turbulence data reduction scheme for autonomous and expendable profiling floats Open
Autonomous and expendable profiling-float arrays such as those deployed in the Argo Program require the transmission of reliable data from remote sites. However, existing satellite data transfer rates preclude complete transmission of rapi…
View article: Seasonal buildup and downward transfer of Warm Pool heat content by wind-driven ocean mixing
Seasonal buildup and downward transfer of Warm Pool heat content by wind-driven ocean mixing Open
Ocean heat stored in the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) helps drive some of the foremost modes of weather and climate variability including ENSO, Intraseasonal Oscillations, and tropical cyclones. To understand the associated coupled mec…
View article: Prolonged thermocline warming by near-inertial internal waves in the wakes of tropical cyclones
Prolonged thermocline warming by near-inertial internal waves in the wakes of tropical cyclones Open
Tropical cyclones (TCs) mix vertical temperature gradients in the upper ocean and generate powerful near-inertial internal waves (NIWs) that propagate down into the deep ocean. Globally, downward mixing of heat during TC passage causes war…
View article: Observational data for "Prolonged thermocline warming by near-inertial internal waves in the wake of tropical cyclones"
Observational data for "Prolonged thermocline warming by near-inertial internal waves in the wake of tropical cyclones" Open
Shipboard measurements of temperature, stratification, and turbulence, as well as ocean velocities and their near-inertial components.
View article: A turbulence data reduction scheme for autonomous and expendable profiling floats
A turbulence data reduction scheme for autonomous and expendable profiling floats Open
Autonomous and expendable profiling float arrays such as deployed in the Argo Program require the transmission of reliable data from remote sites. However, existing satellite data transfer rates preclude complete transmission of rapidly sa…
View article: Tropical Instability Waves and Wind‐Forced Cross‐Equatorial Flow in the Central Atlantic Ocean
Tropical Instability Waves and Wind‐Forced Cross‐Equatorial Flow in the Central Atlantic Ocean Open
Based on velocity data from a long‐term moored observatory located at 0°N, 23°W we present evidence of a vertical asymmetry during the intraseasonal maxima of northward and southward upper‐ocean flow in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Perio…
View article: A vorticity-divergence view of internal wave generation by tropical cyclones: insights from Super Typhoon Mangkhut
A vorticity-divergence view of internal wave generation by tropical cyclones: insights from Super Typhoon Mangkhut Open
Earth and Space Science Open Archive This preprint has been submitted to and is under consideration at Journal of Geophysical Research - Oceans. ESSOAr is a venue for early communication or feedback before peer review. Data may be prelimin…
View article: Deep Cycle Turbulence in Atlantic and Pacific Cold Tongues
Deep Cycle Turbulence in Atlantic and Pacific Cold Tongues Open
Multiyear turbulence measurements from oceanographic moorings in equatorial Atlantic and Pacific cold tongues reveal similarities in deep cycle turbulence (DCT) beneath the mixed layer (ML) and above the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC) core.…
View article: Physics-informed deep-learning parameterization of ocean vertical mixing improves climate simulations
Physics-informed deep-learning parameterization of ocean vertical mixing improves climate simulations Open
Uncertainties in ocean-mixing parameterizations are primary sources for ocean and climate modeling biases. Due to lack of process understanding, traditional physics-driven parameterizations perform unsatisfactorily in the tropics. Recent a…
View article: A vorticity-divergence view of internal wave generation by tropical cyclones: insights from Super Typhoon Mangkhut
A vorticity-divergence view of internal wave generation by tropical cyclones: insights from Super Typhoon Mangkhut Open
Tropical cyclones (TCs) are powered by heat fluxes across the air-sea interface, which are in turn influenced by subsurface physical processes that can modulate storm intensity. Here, we use data from 6 profiling floats to recreate 3D fiel…
View article: Deep cycle turbulence in Atlantic and Pacific cold tongues
Deep cycle turbulence in Atlantic and Pacific cold tongues Open
Multiyear turbulence measurements from oceanographic moorings in the equatorial Atlantic and Pacific cold tongues reveal similarities in deep cycle turbulence (DCT) beneath the ML and above the core of the Equatorial Undercurrent (EUC). Di…
View article: What controls the deep cycle? Proxies for equatorial turbulence.
What controls the deep cycle? Proxies for equatorial turbulence. Open
Factors thought to influence deep cycle turbulence in the equatorial Pacific are examined statistically for their predictive capacity using a 13-year moored record that includes microstructure measurements of the turbulent kinetic energy d…
View article: The Inner-Shelf Dynamics Experiment
The Inner-Shelf Dynamics Experiment Open
The inner shelf, the transition zone between the surfzone and the midshelf, is a dynamically complex region with the evolution of circulation and stratification driven by multiple physical processes. Cross-shelf exchange through the inner …
View article: Heat Transport through Diurnal Warm Layers
Heat Transport through Diurnal Warm Layers Open
Penetration of solar radiation in the upper few meters of the ocean creates a near-surface, stratified diurnal warm layer. Wind stress accelerates a diurnal jet in this layer. Turbulence generated at the diurnal thermocline, where the shea…
View article: Turbulence Asymmetries in Bottom Boundary Layer Velocity Pulses Associated with Onshore-Propagating Nonlinear Internal Waves
Turbulence Asymmetries in Bottom Boundary Layer Velocity Pulses Associated with Onshore-Propagating Nonlinear Internal Waves Open
The inner shelf is a region inshore of that part of the shelf that roughly obeys Ekman dynamics and offshore of the surf zone. Importantly, this is where surface and bottom boundary layers are in close proximity, overlap, and interact. The…
View article: Variations in Ocean Mixing from Seconds to Years
Variations in Ocean Mixing from Seconds to Years Open
Over the past several decades, there has developed a community-wide appreciation for the importance of mixing at the smallest scales to geophysical fluid dynamics on all scales. This appreciation has spawned greater participation in the in…
View article: Propagation of Freshwater Lenses as Buoyant Gravity Currents
Propagation of Freshwater Lenses as Buoyant Gravity Currents Open
<p>Freshwater lenses (FWL) deposited by rain create surface salinity and temperature anomalies that can persist for extended periods of time (> 1 day). The resulting patchiness in near-surface density and sea surface temperature i…
View article: Observations of Shoaling Nonlinear Internal Bores across the Central California Inner Shelf
Observations of Shoaling Nonlinear Internal Bores across the Central California Inner Shelf Open
We present observations of shoaling nonlinear internal bores off the coast of central California. The dataset includes 15 moorings deployed during September–October 2017 and cross-shore shipboard surveys. We describe the cross-shore struct…
View article: Seasonality and Buoyancy Suppression of Turbulence in the Bay of Bengal
Seasonality and Buoyancy Suppression of Turbulence in the Bay of Bengal Open
A yearlong record from moored current, temperature, conductivity, and four mixing meters ( χ pods) in the northernmost international waters of the Bay of Bengal quantifies upper‐ocean turbulent diffusivity of heat ( K t ) and its response …
View article: Self-organized criticality in geophysical turbulence
Self-organized criticality in geophysical turbulence Open