Jan Dirk Blom
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View article: Multimodal Hallucinations in Muslim Patients with Severe Psychotic Disorders: The Entity Experience Revisited
Multimodal Hallucinations in Muslim Patients with Severe Psychotic Disorders: The Entity Experience Revisited Open
Introduction: In biomedicine, entity experiences are conceptualised as compound hallucinations featuring living beings. The term “experience” suggests that these have an objective basis in reality, as those perceiving them may maintain. So…
View article: A systematic review on clinical therianthropy and a proposal to conceptualize zoomorphism as a diagnostic spectrum
A systematic review on clinical therianthropy and a proposal to conceptualize zoomorphism as a diagnostic spectrum Open
Clinical therianthropy involves the delusional belief that one transforms into an animal and assumes its characteristics. We conducted a systematic review and identified 77 published cases. Of the many theriotypes reported, 68 % involved t…
View article: Recognition and management of auditory verbal hallucinations in borderline personality disorder
Recognition and management of auditory verbal hallucinations in borderline personality disorder Open
Background Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) are experienced by 25% of all people diagnosed with a borderline personality disorder. Since the impact of these hallucinations is often substantial, we asked ourselves how often they are dis…
View article: Akinetopsia: a systematic review on visual motion blindness
Akinetopsia: a systematic review on visual motion blindness Open
Background Akinetopsia, or visual motion blindness, is a perceptual distortion characteristic of Alice in Wonderland syndrome in which people see moving objects as disjointed ‘jumps’ or ‘freeze frames.’ Despite its profound impact, the con…
View article: Auditory agnosia for environmental sounds in Alzheimer’s disease: Effects on daily life
Auditory agnosia for environmental sounds in Alzheimer’s disease: Effects on daily life Open
View article: Perceptual distortions characteristic of Alice in Wonderland syndrome in contemporary figurative painting
Perceptual distortions characteristic of Alice in Wonderland syndrome in contemporary figurative painting Open
Background Alice in Wonderland syndrome (AIWS) is a neurological condition characterized by perceptual distortions, most of which are visual in nature (metamorphopsias). Over the past decade there has been a movement in contemporary figura…
View article: On the perceptual characteristics of auditory verbal hallucinations
On the perceptual characteristics of auditory verbal hallucinations Open
View article: Cotard's syndrome before Cotard: A commentary on : Delusions in postpartum psychosis: Implications for cognitive theories
Cotard's syndrome before Cotard: A commentary on : Delusions in postpartum psychosis: Implications for cognitive theories Open
View article: Hallucinations and Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> Deficiency: A Systematic Review
Hallucinations and Vitamin B<sub>12</sub> Deficiency: A Systematic Review Open
Introduction: Vitamin B12 deficiency is primarily associated with pernicious anaemia, polyneuropathy, and spinal-cord disease, but publications on its association with hallucinations are on the rise. Methods:…
View article: Carl Jung: a life on the edge of reality with hypnagogia, hyperphantasia, and hallucinations
Carl Jung: a life on the edge of reality with hypnagogia, hyperphantasia, and hallucinations Open
Whether the Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung (1875–1961) became psychotic after his mid-thirties is much debated. His recently published Black Books, a seven-volume journal, reveal new insights into this debate. Based on a phenomenological ana…
View article: The Diagnostic Spectrum of Sexual Hallucinations
The Diagnostic Spectrum of Sexual Hallucinations Open
Sexual hallucinations are little known, yet often extremely burdening, phenomena. In this systematic review, we summarize what is known about their phenomenology, prevalence, etiopathology, ensuing distress, and treatment options. Sexual h…
View article: Sleep-Related Hallucinations
Sleep-Related Hallucinations Open
View article: Musical hallucinations, secondary delusions, and lack of insight: results from a cohort study
Musical hallucinations, secondary delusions, and lack of insight: results from a cohort study Open
Introduction Although musical hallucinations do not tend to be accompanied by delusions, occasionally patients persistently accuse others of being responsible for causing the music they perceive, sometimes with severe social consequences s…
View article: COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses
COVID-19 risk, course and outcome in people with mental disorders: a systematic review and meta-analyses Open
Aims It has been suggested that people with mental disorders have an elevated risk to acquire severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and to be disproportionally affected by coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) once infected. We aimed…
View article: The incubus phenomenon: Prevalence, frequency and risk factors in psychiatric inpatients and university undergraduates
The incubus phenomenon: Prevalence, frequency and risk factors in psychiatric inpatients and university undergraduates Open
Background The incubus phenomenon is a paroxysmal sleep-related disorder characterized by the visuotactile sensation of a person or entity exerting pressure on one’s thorax during episodes of sleep paralysis and (apparent) wakefulness. Thi…
View article: Diagnostic analysis of the highly complex OPN1LW/OPN1MW gene cluster using long-read sequencing and MLPA
Diagnostic analysis of the highly complex OPN1LW/OPN1MW gene cluster using long-read sequencing and MLPA Open
Pathogenic variants in the OPN1LW/OPN1MW gene cluster are causal for a range of mild to severe visual impairments with color deficiencies. The widely utilized short-read next-generation sequencing (NGS) is inappropriate for the analysis of…
View article: Occurrence and phenomenology of hallucinations in the general population: A large online survey
Occurrence and phenomenology of hallucinations in the general population: A large online survey Open
View article: Tactile and Somatic Hallucinations in a Muslim Population of Psychotic Patients
Tactile and Somatic Hallucinations in a Muslim Population of Psychotic Patients Open
Background: Tactile and somatic hallucinations are distressing phenomena that have hardly been researched. The few studies that have been published focus on their occurrence in neurodegenerative disorders and substance use, and, surprising…
View article: Belief in Brua among psychiatric patients from Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao: Results from an explorative study in the Netherlands
Belief in Brua among psychiatric patients from Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao: Results from an explorative study in the Netherlands Open
Brua is an Afro-Caribbean religion and healing tradition predominantly practised on the ABC islands of the former Netherlands Antilles. It is grounded in oral tradition and shrouded in strict social taboos. Existing literature suggests tha…
View article: On Perception and Consciousness in HPPD: A Systematic Review
On Perception and Consciousness in HPPD: A Systematic Review Open
Hallucinogen-persisting perception disorder (HPPD) features as a diagnostic category in the DSM-5, ICD-11, and other major classifications, but our knowledge of the phenomenology of the perceptual symptoms involved and the changes in consc…
View article: Bleuler revisited: on persecutory delusions and their resistance to therapy
Bleuler revisited: on persecutory delusions and their resistance to therapy Open
View article: Time Distortions: A Systematic Review of Cases Characteristic of Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
Time Distortions: A Systematic Review of Cases Characteristic of Alice in Wonderland Syndrome Open
Of the perceptual distortions characteristic of Alice in Wonderland syndrome, substantial alterations in the immediate experience of time are probably the least known and the most fascinating. We reviewed original case reports to examine t…
View article: A century of prosopometamorphopsia studies
A century of prosopometamorphopsia studies Open
Prosopometamorphopsia is an extremely rare disorder of visual perception characterised by facial distortions. We here review 81 cases (eight new ones and 73 cases published over the past century) to shed light on the perception of face ges…
View article: Leroy’s elusive little people: A systematic review on lilliputian hallucinations
Leroy’s elusive little people: A systematic review on lilliputian hallucinations Open
Lilliputian hallucinations concern hallucinated human, animal or fantasy entities of minute size. Having been famously described by the French psychiatrist Raoul Leroy in 1909, who wrote from personal experience, to date they are mentioned…
View article: Déjà Vécu: When Groundhog Day Gets Real
Déjà Vécu: When Groundhog Day Gets Real Open
Déjà vécu is an extremely rare type of identifying paramnesia characterised by the ongoing sensation of having experienced things before. Having the delusional conviction that this sensation is true, patients frequently exhibit recollectiv…
View article: Hallucination, imagery, dreaming: reassembling stimulus-independent perceptions based on Edmund Parish's classic misperception framework
Hallucination, imagery, dreaming: reassembling stimulus-independent perceptions based on Edmund Parish's classic misperception framework Open
Within the broad field of human perception lies the category of stimulus-independent perceptions, which draws together experiences such as hallucinations, mental imagery and dreams. Traditional divisions between medical and psychological s…
View article: <i>Hallucinations and Illusions</i> by Edmund Parish: the unlikely genesis and curious fate of a forgotten masterpiece
<i>Hallucinations and Illusions</i> by Edmund Parish: the unlikely genesis and curious fate of a forgotten masterpiece Open
In 1894, the German scholar Edmund Parish published his classic work Über die Trugwahrnehmung, with an expanded English edition called Hallucinations and Illusions appearing in 1897. Both versions won critical acclaim from celebrities such…
View article: Anxiety in Children with Selective Mutism: A Meta-analysis
Anxiety in Children with Selective Mutism: A Meta-analysis Open
This study evaluates the current conceptualization of selective mutism (SM) as an anxiety disorder in the DSM-5 using a meta-analytic approach. In the absence of any systematic assessment of anxiety in the field of SM, we pooled prevalence…
View article: Antipsychotic-Related Hypothermia: Five New Cases
Antipsychotic-Related Hypothermia: Five New Cases Open
Background: Hypothermia is a potentially fatal adverse effect of antipsychotic drug (APD) use. With only 69 cases described in the literature, the condition is considered rare. Methods: We describe five new cases, in which we…
View article: Alice in Wonderland Syndrome as a Presenting Manifestation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome as a Presenting Manifestation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Open
Background: Alice in Wonderland syndrome (AIWS) is a rare neurological disorder characterized by distortions of visual perception (metamorphopsias), the body image, and the experience of time, along with derealization and depersonal…