Hans‐Hermann Thulke
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View article: Update of general guidelines for statistically sound and risk‐based surveys of plant pests
Update of general guidelines for statistically sound and risk‐based surveys of plant pests Open
At the request of the European Commission, EFSA prepared the general guidelines for surveys of plant pests, describing the legal, international and scientific context in which the surveys are designed, the basic principles implemented for …
View article: Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus and HPR‐deleted infectious salmon anaemia virus – Risk of introduction in free areas through fertilised eggs and gametes
Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus and HPR‐deleted infectious salmon anaemia virus – Risk of introduction in free areas through fertilised eggs and gametes Open
EFSA assessed the risk of introducing viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) and highly polymorphic region‐deleted infectious salmon anaemia virus (HPR‐deleted ISAV) into free areas thr…
View article: Systematic Review of Variable Selection Bias in Species Distribution Models for Aedes vexans (Diptera: Culicidae)
Systematic Review of Variable Selection Bias in Species Distribution Models for Aedes vexans (Diptera: Culicidae) Open
We conducted a systematic literature review, following PRISMA guidelines, to assess whether existing species distribution models for Aedes vexans reflect its known ecological requirements. This mosquito is closely associated with temporary…
View article: Welfare of beef cattle
Welfare of beef cattle Open
This Scientific Opinion provides an assessment of beef cattle welfare focusing on risks related to flooring, water access, nutrition and feeding, high environmental temperatures, lack of environmental enrichment, lack of outdoor access, mi…
View article: Welfare of American mink, red and Arctic foxes, raccoon dog and chinchilla kept for fur production
Welfare of American mink, red and Arctic foxes, raccoon dog and chinchilla kept for fur production Open
This Scientific Opinion (SO) addresses a mandate from the EC regarding welfare of the following animals when farmed for their fur: (i) American mink (Neogale vison or Neovison vison), (ii) Red fox (Vulpes vulpes, also known as ‘silver fox’…
View article: Beyond Crisis Response: A Roundtable on Long-Term Strategies for Managing African Swine Fever
Beyond Crisis Response: A Roundtable on Long-Term Strategies for Managing African Swine Fever Open
Today, African swine fever (ASF) continues to spread in European wild boar populations, while existing management strategies respond to an animal health emergency. The current disease scenario, characterised by constant re-emergence and pe…
View article: Evaluation of the model behaviour of ApisRAM version 3 (ApisRAM.03)
Evaluation of the model behaviour of ApisRAM version 3 (ApisRAM.03) Open
This report presents the evaluation of the model behaviour of ApisRAM version 3 (ApisRAM.03), developed under a framework partnership agreement between EFSA and Aarhus University. The model simulates the dynamics of a honey bee colony and …
View article: A Systematic Literature Review of Variables Associated with the Occurrence of African Swine Fever
A Systematic Literature Review of Variables Associated with the Occurrence of African Swine Fever Open
Since African swine fever virus (ASFV) genotype II reached Europe in 2007 and has widely spread, causing important economic losses to the pig production sector. To guide policy and management actions, robust quantitative evidence about pos…
View article: Preparedness, prevention and control related to zoonotic avian influenza
Preparedness, prevention and control related to zoonotic avian influenza Open
A risk assessment framework was developed to evaluate the zoonotic potential of avian influenza (AI), focusing on virus mutations linked to phenotypic traits related to mammalian adaptation identified in the literature. Virus sequences wer…
View article: Welfare of horses during killing for purposes other than slaughter
Welfare of horses during killing for purposes other than slaughter Open
Horses of different ages may have to be killed on‐farm for purposes other than slaughter (where slaughter is defined as killing for human consumption) either individually (i.e. on‐farm killing of unproductive, injured or terminally ill ani…
View article: Standard protocols for plant health scientific assessments
Standard protocols for plant health scientific assessments Open
In accordance with the EFSA Strategy 2027 outlining the need for fit‐for‐purpose protocols for EFSA generic scientific assessments, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health (PLH Panel) developed standard protocols to harmonise the problem formulatio…
View article: Pest categorisation of non‐EU Scolytinae on non‐coniferous hosts
Pest categorisation of non‐EU Scolytinae on non‐coniferous hosts Open
The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a group pest categorisation for the EU territory of non‐EU Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on non‐coniferous hosts, which total 6495 known species. Most species attack apparently healthy, wea…
View article: Risk assessment of Phlyctinus callosus for the EU
Risk assessment of Phlyctinus callosus for the EU Open
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a quantitative risk assessment for the EU of Phlyctinus callosus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a polyphagous pest occurring in Australia, New Zealand…
View article: Pest categorisation of Monema flavescens
Pest categorisation of Monema flavescens Open
The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Monema flavescens (Lepidoptera, Limacodidae), following the commodity risk assessment of Acer palmatum plants grafted on A. davidii from China, in which M. flavescens was id…
View article: Commodity risk assessment of Prunus avium plants from United Kingdom
Commodity risk assessment of Prunus avium plants from United Kingdom Open
The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as ‘High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. T…
View article: Prototype Biodiversity Digital Twin: Disease Outbreaks
Prototype Biodiversity Digital Twin: Disease Outbreaks Open
African swine fever is a transmissible virus impacting wild and domestic swine populations. In Europe, it is non-native and the recently introduced genotype affects wild boar populations with occasional outbreaks in domestic pigs. The abil…
View article: Pest categorisation of Popillia quadriguttata
Pest categorisation of Popillia quadriguttata Open
The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Popillia quadriguttata (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), following a commodity risk assessment of bonsai Pinus parviflora grafted onto P. thunbergii from China, in which P. quadri…
View article: Pest categorisation of Cenopalpus irani
Pest categorisation of Cenopalpus irani Open
The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of Cenopalpus irani (Trombidiformes: Tenuipalpidae), known as the Iranian false spider mite, following the commodity risk assessment of Malus domestica plants from Türkiye, in …
View article: Commodity risk assessment of Sorbus aucuparia plants from the UK
Commodity risk assessment of Sorbus aucuparia plants from the UK Open
The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as ‘high risk plants, plant products and other objects’. T…
View article: Commodity risk assessment of Tilia cordata and Tilia platyphyllos plants from the UK
Commodity risk assessment of Tilia cordata and Tilia platyphyllos plants from the UK Open
The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. T…
View article: Commodity risk assessment of Petunia spp. and Calibrachoa spp. unrooted cuttings from Kenya
Commodity risk assessment of Petunia spp. and Calibrachoa spp. unrooted cuttings from Kenya Open
The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to evaluate the probability of entry of pests (likelihood of pest freedom at entry), including both regulated and non‐regulated pests, associated with unrooted cuttings of th…
View article: Pest risk assessment of African Leucinodes species for the European Union
Pest risk assessment of African Leucinodes species for the European Union Open
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a quantitative risk assessment for the EU of African Leucinodes species (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), which are fruit and shoot borers, especially of eg…
View article: Risk assessment of Retithrips syriacus for the EU
Risk assessment of Retithrips syriacus for the EU Open
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a quantitative risk assessment for the EU of Retithrips syriacus (Mayet) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), a polyphagous thrips, regarded as a tropical/sub…
View article: Commodity risk assessment of Petunia spp. and Calibrachoa spp. unrooted cuttings from Guatemala
Commodity risk assessment of Petunia spp. and Calibrachoa spp. unrooted cuttings from Guatemala Open
The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to evaluate the probability of entry of pests (likelihood of pest freedom at entry), including both, regulated and non-regulated pests, associated with unrooted cuttings of t…
View article: Commodity risk assessment of Corylus avellana plants from the UK
Commodity risk assessment of Corylus avellana plants from the UK Open
The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High risk plants, plant products and other objects'. T…
View article: Pest categorisation of Diaprepes abbreviatus
Pest categorisation of Diaprepes abbreviatus Open
The EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of the citrus root weevil Diaprepes abbreviatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) for the European Union (EU) following the commodity risk assessment of Ligustrum delavayanum to…
View article: Commodity risk assessment of Quercus petraea plants from the UK
Commodity risk assessment of Quercus petraea plants from the UK Open
The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High-risk plants, plant products and other objects'. T…