James Thomas
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View article: Tracking the Evolving Role of Artificial Intelligence in Implementation Science: Protocol for a Living Scoping Review of Applications, Evaluation Approaches and Outcomes
Tracking the Evolving Role of Artificial Intelligence in Implementation Science: Protocol for a Living Scoping Review of Applications, Evaluation Approaches and Outcomes Open
Background Artificial intelligence (AI) offers significant opportunities to improve the field of implementation science by supporting key activities such as evidence synthesis, contextual analysis, and decision-making to promote the adopti…
View article: Predicting outcomes of smoking cessation interventions in novel scenarios using ontology-informed, interpretable machine learning
Predicting outcomes of smoking cessation interventions in novel scenarios using ontology-informed, interpretable machine learning Open
Background Systematic reviews of effectiveness estimate the relative average effects of interventions and comparators in a set of existing studies e.g., using rate ratios. However, policymakers, planners and practitioners require predicti…
View article: Estimation of Resistance Training RPE using Inertial Sensors and Electromyography
Estimation of Resistance Training RPE using Inertial Sensors and Electromyography Open
Accurate estimation of rating of perceived exertion (RPE) can enhance resistance training through personalized feedback and injury prevention. This study investigates the application of machine learning models to estimate RPE during single…
View article: Protocol for a core outcome set for pharmacological treatments in hospitalised patients with acute viral respiratory infections (COSAVRI)
Protocol for a core outcome set for pharmacological treatments in hospitalised patients with acute viral respiratory infections (COSAVRI) Open
Background Acute viral respiratory infections (AVRIs) rank among the most common causes of hospitalisation worldwide, imposing significant healthcare burdens and driving the development of pharmacological treatments. However, inconsistent …
View article: Medical Students’ Attitudes and Experiences Regarding Persuasion of Patients by Physicians: Clarifying the Ethics of Shared Decision Making
Medical Students’ Attitudes and Experiences Regarding Persuasion of Patients by Physicians: Clarifying the Ethics of Shared Decision Making Open
Background Ethical principles of autonomy and beneficence guide clinical decision making. Little is known about how clinicians prioritize these principles and integrate them with virtue ethics when assessing the ethics of persuasion. Objec…
View article: Large language models for data extraction in toxicology: implications and lessons learned from the clinical evidence domain
Large language models for data extraction in toxicology: implications and lessons learned from the clinical evidence domain Open
A living review of automated data extraction methods for clinical systematic reviews identified 76 papers up to the end of 2022 describing unique extraction algorithms and assessed their methods and quality of reporting. The current update…
View article: A Quality Improvement Project Using a Patient-Centered Approach to Reduce PRN Medications Among Patients with Serious Mental Illness
A Quality Improvement Project Using a Patient-Centered Approach to Reduce PRN Medications Among Patients with Serious Mental Illness Open
Pro re nata (PRN) or “as needed” medications are embedded in psychiatric practice providing a useful tool in symptom management of physical and psychiatric conditions in healthcare settings. In practice, long lists of scheduled and PRN med…
View article: Embedding Researchers into Local Government Public Health Teams: Exploring Co-Design, Implementation and Evaluation Challenges Through Document and Contextual Analysis
Embedding Researchers into Local Government Public Health Teams: Exploring Co-Design, Implementation and Evaluation Challenges Through Document and Contextual Analysis Open
Research suggests that evidence could play a greater role in local public health decision-making than is currently the case. Embedded researchers, located within policy and practice organisations while maintaining affiliations with researc…
View article: Public Involvement in Complex Theorising: A Co‐Produced Logic Model of the Role of Context in Shaping Child Health
Public Involvement in Complex Theorising: A Co‐Produced Logic Model of the Role of Context in Shaping Child Health Open
Introduction There is increasing work towards drawing on theory, implementing co‐production and accounting for complexity within the production of systematic reviews for public health. In this paper, we report on the process of co‐producin…
View article: Analyzing the Utility of Openalex to Identify Studies for Systematic Reviews: Methods and a Case Study
Analyzing the Utility of Openalex to Identify Studies for Systematic Reviews: Methods and a Case Study Open
Open access scholarly resources have potential to simplify the literature search process, support more equitable access to research knowledge, and reduce biases from lack of access to relevant literature. OpenAlex is the world's largest op…
View article: Harmful health effects of e-cigarettes (vapes) and other non-tobacco oral nicotine products, trends in their use, and interventions: living protocol for a living evidence map and linked research digests
Harmful health effects of e-cigarettes (vapes) and other non-tobacco oral nicotine products, trends in their use, and interventions: living protocol for a living evidence map and linked research digests Open
There is a recognised need to further understand potential harms from the use of e-cigarettes and other non-tobacco oral nicotine products (ONPs), particularly among children and young people. This protocol describes a programme of work th…
View article: Comparative Analysis of Psychological Well-Being Among Nurses And Patients In Hospital Care Settings: A Multisite Cross-Sectional Study
Comparative Analysis of Psychological Well-Being Among Nurses And Patients In Hospital Care Settings: A Multisite Cross-Sectional Study Open
Background: Psychological well-being plays a crucial role in health outcomes. The psychological well-being of nurses, who work in high-stress environments, has a substantial impact on patient outcomes and care delivery, even though patient…
View article: The therapeutic potential of exercise in post-traumatic stress disorder and its underlying mechanisms: A living systematic review of human and non-human studies
The therapeutic potential of exercise in post-traumatic stress disorder and its underlying mechanisms: A living systematic review of human and non-human studies Open
Background Exercise for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a potentially effective adjunct to psychotherapy. However, the biopsychosocial mechanisms of exercise are not well understood. This co-produced living systematic review synth…
View article: Cognitive bias modification for social anxiety: protocol for a living systematic review of human studies and meta-analysis
Cognitive bias modification for social anxiety: protocol for a living systematic review of human studies and meta-analysis Open
Background Social anxiety is a heightened fear and discomfort in social situations. Cases of elevated distress and impaired functioning can lead to a clinical diagnosis of social anxiety disorder. Altering cognitive biases associated with …
View article: A Thematic Exploration of the Experience of Inpatient Mental-Health Service-Users Who Are Prevented from Self-Harming
A Thematic Exploration of the Experience of Inpatient Mental-Health Service-Users Who Are Prevented from Self-Harming Open
Research and expert by experience (EBE) testimony has created a foundational understanding of self-harm as a mediator of psychological distress. However, risk-management is frequently prioritised in mental-healthcare services approaches. T…
View article: A Cross-sectional Study to Assess the Association Between Middle Ear Function and Sinonasal Infections
A Cross-sectional Study to Assess the Association Between Middle Ear Function and Sinonasal Infections Open
A BSTRACT Background: Communication between the middle ear cavity and other organs, such as the nasopharynx and nasal cavity, is facilitated via the eustachian tube. Middle-ear illness is a frequent ailment caused by infection or blockage …
View article: Mechanisms through which exercise reduces symptom severity and/or functional impairment in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): Protocol for a living systematic review of human and non-human studies
Mechanisms through which exercise reduces symptom severity and/or functional impairment in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): Protocol for a living systematic review of human and non-human studies Open
Background Exercise can play an important role in reducing symptom severity and improving functional impairment in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the precise mechanisms underpinning the effect of exercise in P…
View article: Data extraction methods for systematic review (semi)automation: Update of a living systematic review
Data extraction methods for systematic review (semi)automation: Update of a living systematic review Open
Background The reliable and usable (semi) automation of data extraction can support the field of systematic review by reducing the workload required to gather information about the conduct and results of the included studies. This living s…
View article: The therapeutic potential of exercise in post-traumatic stress disorder and its underlying mechanisms: A living systematic review of human and non-human studies
The therapeutic potential of exercise in post-traumatic stress disorder and its underlying mechanisms: A living systematic review of human and non-human studies Open
Background Exercise for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a potentially effective adjunct to psychotherapy. However, the biopsychosocial mechanisms of exercise are not well understood. This co-produced living systematic review synth…
View article: Public Involvement in Complex Theorising: A coproduced logic model of the role of context in shaping child health
Public Involvement in Complex Theorising: A coproduced logic model of the role of context in shaping child health Open
Introduction There is increasing work towards drawing on theory, implementing co-production, and accounting for complexity within the production of systematic reviews for public health. In this paper, we report on the process of co-produci…
View article: The therapeutic potential of exercise in post-traumatic stress disorder and its underlying mechanisms: A living systematic review of human and non-human studies
The therapeutic potential of exercise in post-traumatic stress disorder and its underlying mechanisms: A living systematic review of human and non-human studies Open
Background Exercise for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a potentially effective adjunct to psychotherapy. However, the biopsychosocial mechanisms of exercise are not well understood. This co-produced living systematic review synth…
View article: Mechanisms through which exercise reduces symptom severity and/or functional impairment in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): Protocol for a living systematic review of human and non-human studies
Mechanisms through which exercise reduces symptom severity and/or functional impairment in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD): Protocol for a living systematic review of human and non-human studies Open
Background Exercise can play an important role in reducing symptom severity and improving functional impairment in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, the precise mechanisms underpinning the effect of exercise in P…