Explanipedia

The effect of antenatal isoniazid preventive therapy on birth outcomes in Western Kenya Open

Elizabeth Quincer, A. Lyland, Dickens Onyango, Sylvia M. LaCourse, Janet Figueroa , et al. · 2023

BACKGROUND: Pregnant women living with HIV (WLHIV) are at high risk for TB. There are limited data to inform whether TB preventive therapy is safe in pregnancy. METHODS: We completed a retrospective study of antenatal and birth records of …

Variability in firearm injury among major pediatric trauma centers across the USA Open

Kiesha Fraser Doh, Sofia Chaudhary, Stephanie Ruest, Ashkon Shaahinfar, Thomas H. Chun , et al. · 2023

Objectives In 2020, firearm injuries surpassed automobile collisions as the leading cause of death in US children. Annual automobile fatalities have decreased during 40 years through a multipronged approach. To develop similarly targeted p…

Physician self-identified race and opioid prescription practices in upper extremity injuries in the pediatric emergency department Open

Joseph Langham, Sherita Holmes, Janet Figueroa, Srikant Iyer, Sarah Lazarus , et al. · 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine breakthrough infections: A single metro-based testing network experience Open

Samantha Strickler, Annette Esper, Leona Wells, Anna Wood, Jennifer K. Frediani , et al. · 2022

Objectives Understanding the incidence and characteristics that influence severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine breakthrough infections (VBIs) is imperative for developing public health policies to mitigate t…

Brief Report: Performance of Tuberculosis Symptom Screening Among Hospitalized ART-Naive Children With HIV in Kenya Open

Lisa M. Cranmer, Irene Njuguna, Sylvia M. LaCourse, Janet Figueroa, Scott Gillespie , et al. · 2022

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic evaluation for children with HIV (CHIV) who have history of TB contact, poor weight gain, cough, or fever. These screening criteria were developed base…

A molecularly integrated amygdalo-fronto-striatal network coordinates flexible learning and memory Open

Dan C. Li, Niharika M. Dighe, Britton R. Barbee, Elizabeth G. Pitts, Brik Kochoian , et al. · 2022

Comparison of Targeted and Routine Adolescent HIV Screening in a Pediatric Emergency Department Open

Colleen K. Gutman, Naomi Newton, Elizabeth Duda, Ryan Alevy, Katherine Palmer , et al. · 2022

Objectives The aims of the study were (1) to compare targeted and routine HIV screening in a pediatric emergency department (PED) and (2) to compare provider documented HIV risk assessment with adolescent perception of HIV risk assessment …

Comparison of Mid-turbinate Nasal Swabs, Saliva, and Nasopharyngeal Swabs for SARS-CoV-2 Reverse Transcription–Polymerase Chain Reaction Testing in Pediatric Outpatients Open

Miriam B. Vos, Mark D. Gonzalez, Cheryl Stone, Rebecca Cleeton, Janet Figueroa , et al. · 2022

Context.— Diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2 in symptomatic and asymptomatic children remains integral to care, particularly for supporting return to and attendance in schools. The concordance of SARS-CoV-2 detection in children, using vari…

Features of Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy Early in the Lives of Infants With Biliary Atresia Correlate With Outcomes Following Kasai Portoenterostomy Open

Jhavene Morrison, Eric Ferguson, Janet Figueroa, Saul J. Karpen · 2022

Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM), detected during two‐dimensional echocardiography (2DE), is prevalent in patients with biliary atresia (BA) awaiting transplant. Whether CCM occurs early in the lives of infants with BA is unknown. The aim of…

Impact of a brief training on motivational interviewing and the 5A's approach on weight‐related counseling practices of pediatricians Open

Jean A. Welsh, Samantha J. Lange, Janet Figueroa, Stephanie Walsh, Holly C. Gooding , et al. · 2022

Background Pediatric primary healthcare providers are well‐positioned to provide healthy lifestyle and weight management related counseling but many lack training in evidence‐based messages and methods. Objectives We assessed the impact of…

Dietary sugar restriction reduces hepatic de novo lipogenesis in adolescent boys with fatty liver disease Open

Catherine C. Cohen, Kelvin W. Li, Adina Alazraki, Carine Beysen, Carissa Carrier , et al. · 2021

BACKGROUNDHepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is elevated in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Improvements in hepatic fat by dietary sugar reduction may be mediated by reduced DNL, but data are limited, especially in children. We ex…

Safety of intravenous arginine therapy in children with sickle cell disease hospitalized for vaso‐occlusive pain: A randomized placebo‐controlled trial in progress Open

Loretta Reyes, Janet Figueroa, Deborah Leake, Kirshma Khemani, Polly Kumari , et al. · 2021

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is the most common hemoglobinopathy in the United States, and vaso-occlusive pain episodes (VOEs) are the leading cause of hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits.1 There are limited therapies for th…

Antipsychotic Drug Prescription in Pediatric Intensive Care Units: A 10-Year U.S. Retrospective Database Study Open

Kate Madden, Michael Wolf, Robert C. Tasker, Janet Figueroa, Courtney McCracken , et al. · 2021

Delirium recognition during pediatric critical illness may result in the prescription of antipsychotic medication. These medications have unclear efficacy and safety. We sought to describe antipsychotic medication use in pediatric intensiv…

Correlation of SARS-CoV-2 Subgenomic RNA with Antigen Detection in Nasal Midturbinate Swab Specimens Open

Katherine Immergluck, Mark D. Gonzalez, Jennifer K. Frediani, Joshua M. Levy, Janet Figueroa , et al. · 2021

Among symptomatic outpatients, subgenomic RNA of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in nasal midturbinate swab specimens was concordant with antigen detection but remained detectable in 13 (82.1%) of 16 nasopharyngeal swab spe…

Osteopontin as a biomarker for COVID-19 severity and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: A pilot study Open

Andrew Reisner, Laura S. Blackwell, Iqbal Sayeed, Hannah E Myers, Bushra Wali , et al. · 2021

This study sought to evaluate the candidacy of plasma osteopontin (OPN) as a biomarker of COVID-19 severity and multisystem inflammatory condition in children (MIS-C) in children. A retrospective analysis of 26 children (0–21 years of age)…

The need for new test verification and regulatory support for innovative diagnostics Open

John D. Roback, Erika A. Tyburski, David Alter, Saja Asakrah, Ann Chahroudi , et al. · 2021

been sequenced; and far more samples have been sequenced than are represented in GISAID.In countries with a longer CST lag, the new variants may have enough time to establish themselves across a region 13 if quick tracking, tracing and act…

Impact of antibiotic pretreatment on cultures in children with osteomyelitis and septic arthritis: a retrospective review Open

Amanda Lansell, Yasasvi Vasili, Parminder S. Suchdev, Janet Figueroa, Anjali Kirpalani · 2021

Dietary and Health Correlates of Sweetened Beverage Intake: Sources of Variability in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Open

Susan E. Swithers, G. Bonanno, Janet Figueroa, Jean A. Welsh, Allison C. Sylvetsky · 2021

Recent studies using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) have used inconsistent approaches to identify and categorize beverages, especially those containing low-calorie sweeteners (LCS), also referred to…

Musculoskeletal Ultrasound in Childhood Arthritis Limited Examination: A Comprehensive, Reliable, Time‐Efficient Assessment of Synovitis Open

Patricia Vega‐Fernandez, Tracy V. Ting, Edward J. Oberle, Courtney McCracken, Janet Figueroa , et al. · 2021

Objective To develop and initially validate a comprehensive pediatric musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) joint‐specific scoring system, and to determine the minimum number of joints needed to identify active disease. Methods A semiquantitat…

Socioeconomic Disparities in Foods/Beverages and Nutrients Consumed by U.S. Adolescents When Snacking: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2018 Open

Navika Gangrade, Janet Figueroa, Tashara M. Leak · 2021

Snacking contributes a significant portion of adolescents’ daily energy intake and is associated with poor overall diet and increased body mass index. Adolescents from low socioeconomic status (SES) households have poorer snacking behavior…

Impact of repeated nasal sampling on detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 Open

Joshua M. Levy, Jennifer K. Frediani, Erika A. Tyburski, Anna Wood, Janet Figueroa , et al. · 2021

Multidisciplinary assessment of the Abbott BinaxNOW SARS-CoV-2 point-of-care antigen test in the context of emerging viral variants and self-administration Open

Jennifer K. Frediani, Joshua M. Levy, Anuradha Rao, Leda Bassit, Janet Figueroa , et al. · 2021

While there has been significant progress in the development of rapid COVID-19 diagnostics, as the pandemic unfolds, new challenges have emerged, including whether these technologies can reliably detect the more infectious variants of conc…

Income Disparities in Snacking Characteristics Among U.S. Adolescents 12 to 19 Years: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2018 Open

Navika Gangrade, Janet Figueroa, Tashara M. Leak · 2021

OBJECTIVES: Adolescents from low-income homes are shown to consume energy-dense snacks. However, less is known about the nutrient composition of snacks and the types of foods/beverages consumed as snacks. The overall aim of this study is t…

Adherence to Masking Requirement During the COVID‐19 Pandemic by Early Elementary School Children Open

Geoffrey E. Mickells, Janet Figueroa, Kelly Withers West, Anna Wood, Barbara O. McElhanon · 2021

BACKGROUND Top public health experts and organizations strongly recommend universal masking for children older than 2 years old during the COVID‐19 pandemic, but speculate it may be difficult for young children. This study sought to assess…

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pediatric healthcare workers Open

Claudia R. Morris, Patrick S. Sullivan, Grace Mantus, Travis Sanchez, María Zlotorzynska , et al. · 2021

Comparison of Invasive and Oscillometric Blood Pressure Measurement in Obese and Nonobese Children Open

Michael P. Fundora, Asaad Beshish, Nikita Rao, Christopher M. Berry, Janet Figueroa , et al. · 2021

BACKGROUND Obesity and hypertension are public health priorities, with obesity considered to be a potential cause of hypertension. Accurate blood pressure (BP) determination is required and often obtained by automated oscillometric cuff de…

Evaluation of pediatric procedural sedation education in pediatric emergency medicine fellowships Open

Carmen Sulton, Rebecca K. Burger, Janet Figueroa, Taryn R. Taylor · 2021

Pediatric procedural sedation (PPS) is often performed outside of the operating room, and by various sub-specialty providers. There is no consistency in how pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) fellows are trained in PPS. The objective of th…

The RADx Tech Test Verification Core and the ACME POCT in the Evaluation of COVID-19 Testing Devices: A Model for Progress and Change Open

Eric J. Nehl, Stacy Heilman, David N. Ku, David Gottfried, Sarah Farmer , et al. · 2021

Faced with the COVID-19 pandemic, the US system for developing and testing technologies was challenged in unparalleled ways. This article describes the multi-institutional, transdisciplinary team of the "RADx^SM Tech Test Verific…

Covid‐19 will not “magically disappear”: Why access to widespread testing is paramount Open

Paul E. George, Claire Stokes, Leda Bassit, Ann Chahroudi, Janet Figueroa , et al. · 2020

Since the beginning of the current pandemic, Covid-19 has infiltrated all aspects of biomedicine. As the associations between mortality risk and chronic illness became evident, the field of hematology has played a front-line role in combat…

Randomized control trial of oral arginine therapy for children with sickle cell anemia hospitalized for pain in Nigeria Open

Richard Onalo, Peter Cooper, Antoinette Cilliers, Barend Christiaan Vorster, Nnebe‐Agumadu Uche , et al. · 2020

Low arginine bioavailability is associated with vaso‐occlusive painful crisis (VOC) severity in sickle cell anemia (SCA) and predicts need for pediatric hospitalization. Intravenous arginine therapy has opioid‐sparing effects and was found…

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