Jared M. Porter
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View article: Correction: Artificial intelligence-enhanced assessment of fundamental motor skills: validity and reliability of the FUS test for jumping rope performance
Correction: Artificial intelligence-enhanced assessment of fundamental motor skills: validity and reliability of the FUS test for jumping rope performance Open
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/frai.2025.1611534.].
View article: Assessing fundamental motor skills proficiency in school-based sports physical education programs: implications for talent development
Assessing fundamental motor skills proficiency in school-based sports physical education programs: implications for talent development Open
Introduction Fundamental motor skills (FMS) are essential for fostering physical literacy, supporting talent development, and promoting public health in school-aged populations. This study aimed to evaluate FMS proficiency among students i…
View article: Artificial intelligence-enhanced assessment of fundamental motor skills: validity and reliability of the FUS test for jumping rope performance
Artificial intelligence-enhanced assessment of fundamental motor skills: validity and reliability of the FUS test for jumping rope performance Open
Introduction Widespread concerns about children’s low fundamental motor skill (FMS) proficiency highlight the need for accurate assessment tools to support structured instruction. This study examined the validity and reliability of an AI-e…
View article: Knowledge of Results About More Accurate Versus Less Accurate Trials: Differential Effects on Psychological Variables and Motor Learning in Adolescent Females
Knowledge of Results About More Accurate Versus Less Accurate Trials: Differential Effects on Psychological Variables and Motor Learning in Adolescent Females Open
Introduction. The primary purpose of the present study was to investigate whether providing knowledge of results (KR) on more accurate trials enhanced motivation and self-confidence or whether providing KR on less accurate trials reduced t…
View article: The learning of sprint hurdles: A comparative study on increasing contextual interference and blocked practice schedules
The learning of sprint hurdles: A comparative study on increasing contextual interference and blocked practice schedules Open
The contextual interference (CI) approach has proposed that a random order of practice for motor skills is superior in facilitating learning compared to a blocked arrangement of practice trials. Two groups of physical education students le…
View article: The location of an internal focus of attention differentially affects motor performance
The location of an internal focus of attention differentially affects motor performance Open
Prior research has questioned the appropriateness of internal focus instructions or the juxtaposition to external and control conditions. Moreover, there has been a lack of research conducted to test a variety of internal conditions on mot…
View article: Off the shelf: Investigating transfer of learning using commercially available virtual reality equipment
Off the shelf: Investigating transfer of learning using commercially available virtual reality equipment Open
The evolution of virtual reality (VR) has created the opportunity for a relatively low-cost and accessible method to practice motor skills. Previous studies have demonstrated how motor skill practice in non-immersive virtual environments t…
View article: Virtual Motivation: The Psychological and Transfer of Learning Effects of Immersive Virtual Reality Practice
Virtual Motivation: The Psychological and Transfer of Learning Effects of Immersive Virtual Reality Practice Open
Previous research has shown practice within an immersive virtual reality (VR) environment improves performance in a physical environment. Increased user motivation is one possible advantage of practicing in VR. One recent study showed that…
View article: The FUS Test: A Promising Tool for Evaluating Fundamental Motor Skills in Children and Adolescents
The FUS Test: A Promising Tool for Evaluating Fundamental Motor Skills in Children and Adolescents Open
Fundamental motor skills (FMS) are essential for enjoyable, confident and skillful participation in physical activity across the lifespan. Due to the alarming low level of FMS proficiency in children and adolescents worldwide, the developm…
View article: Aboriginal Title After Tsilhqot’in: What We Know, What We Think We Know, and What We Still Need to Know More About
Aboriginal Title After Tsilhqot’in: What We Know, What We Think We Know, and What We Still Need to Know More About Open
With the ten-year anniversary of Tsilhqot'in on the horizon, the time is ripe to consider the impact of this monumental decision as well as some key questions that remain in its wake. This article surveys the legal situation following Tsil…
View article: Directing attention externally produces consistent vertical jump assessment results
Directing attention externally produces consistent vertical jump assessment results Open
Recent research has demonstrated that consistent external attentional focus instructions produce more reliable jumping measurements compared to non-consistent focus of attention instructions. While previous research has examined the effect…
View article: Virtual motivation: The psychological and transfer of learning effects of immersive virtual reality practice
Virtual motivation: The psychological and transfer of learning effects of immersive virtual reality practice Open
Previous research has shown practice within an immersive virtual reality (VR) environment improves real-world (RW) performance. Increased user motivation is one possible advantage of practicing in VR. One recent study showed that an enrich…
View article: Off the shelf: Investigating transfer of learning using commercially available virtual reality equipment
Off the shelf: Investigating transfer of learning using commercially available virtual reality equipment Open
The evolution of virtual reality (VR) has created the opportunity for a relatively low-cost and accessible method to practice motor skills. Previous studies have demonstrated how motor skill practice in non-immersive virtual environments t…
View article: An external focus of attention enhances table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players
An external focus of attention enhances table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players Open
The aim of the study was to determine the impact of internal and external (proximal and distal) attentional focus on table tennis backhand stroke accuracy in low-skilled players. Fifty-one undergraduate physical education (PE) students wer…
View article: Heart Rate is Distinctly Influenced by Complexity of Instructions and Direction of Attentional Focus
Heart Rate is Distinctly Influenced by Complexity of Instructions and Direction of Attentional Focus Open
Background: Contemporary theories propose that adopting an external focus of attention allows the body's system to self-organize, resulting in more efficient and automated control of motor behavior.In that context, our purpose in this stud…
View article: An Examination of the Contextual Interference Effect and the Errorless Learning Model during Motor Learning
An Examination of the Contextual Interference Effect and the Errorless Learning Model during Motor Learning Open
The purpose of this study was to investigate the combined effects of random and block practice, with errorless and errorful conditions, on motor learning. One hundred-twenty participants (all male, Mage = 21.19 ± 1.4 years) were randomly a…
View article: An Examination of the Contextual Interference Effect and the Errorless Learning Model during Motor Learning
An Examination of the Contextual Interference Effect and the Errorless Learning Model during Motor Learning Open
The purpose of this study was to investigate the combined effects of random and block practice, with errorless and errorful conditions, on motor learning. One hundred-twenty participants (all male, Mage = 21.19 ± 1.4 years) were randomly a…
View article: The Effects of an Associative, Dissociative, Internal, and External Focus of Attention on Running Economy
The Effects of an Associative, Dissociative, Internal, and External Focus of Attention on Running Economy Open
Much research has been executed to investigate how altering focus of attention impacts performance and feelings of fatigue. Using a within-participant design, the present study examined how an associative and dissociative attentional in ad…
View article: Influence of Attentional Manipulation on Jumping Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Influence of Attentional Manipulation on Jumping Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Open
Enhancing jumping ability can lead to substantial benefits in sports performance and physical activity. Previous studies indicate that directing an individual’s attention externally before the jump is an effective way to improve jumping pe…
View article: The Effect of Shame on Motor Learning and the Frequency of Self-Controlled Feedback
The Effect of Shame on Motor Learning and the Frequency of Self-Controlled Feedback Open
Making learners aware of their mistakes is a frequent strategy used by practitioners; the common assumption is that doing this will ultimately lead to improvements in motor behavior. However, making someone aware of their errors, especiall…
View article: The effects of combining focus of attention and autonomy support on shot accuracy in the penalty kick
The effects of combining focus of attention and autonomy support on shot accuracy in the penalty kick Open
The penalty kick is of great importance in the sport of soccer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test predictions of the OPTIMAL theory and identify key attentional and motivational factors that impact the accuracy of the penalty ki…
View article: The Effects of Altering Focus of Attention when Performing the Weight Throw
The Effects of Altering Focus of Attention when Performing the Weight Throw Open
Previous research has demonstrated that adopting an external focus of attention rather than an internal focus of attention results in superior motor performance in a variety of sport and game settings. This study is the first to investigat…
View article: The Effect of Altering Focus of Attention on Throwing Accuracy in Highly Skilled Baseball Pitchers
The Effect of Altering Focus of Attention on Throwing Accuracy in Highly Skilled Baseball Pitchers Open
Previous research has consistently demonstrated that using an external focus of attention rather than an internal focus of attention enhances motor skill learning and performance.The purpose of this study was to examine whether using diffe…
View article: Practicing with gradual increases in contextual interference enhances visuomotor learning
Practicing with gradual increases in contextual interference enhances visuomotor learning Open
The purpose of this study was to determine if practicing with gradual increases in contextual interference (CI) facilitated the learning of a continuous motor skill that required visuomotor tracking. We hypothesized the group that practice…