Jason Brophy
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View article: Age-Dependent Cytokine Profiles and Co-Inhibitory Receptor Dynamics Drive HIV Reservoir Persistence in Children Living with HIV 4811
Age-Dependent Cytokine Profiles and Co-Inhibitory Receptor Dynamics Drive HIV Reservoir Persistence in Children Living with HIV 4811 Open
Description A latent HIV reservoir persists in children living with HIV (CLWH) despite treatment. We tested whether levels of expression of cytokines and co-inhibitory receptors in early life influenced size and persistence of the HIV rese…
View article: SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy and infant outcomes in the first year of life: a retrospective cohort study
SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy and infant outcomes in the first year of life: a retrospective cohort study Open
A positive SARS-CoV-2 test in pregnancy was not associated with an increased risk of hospitalization in the offspring's first year, which may be reassuring to parents and healthcare providers. However, there may be a small increased risk o…
View article: Outcomes of a Population-Based Congenital Cytomegalovirus Screening Program
Outcomes of a Population-Based Congenital Cytomegalovirus Screening Program Open
Importance Detection of congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) infection has previously relied on targeted screening programs or clinical recognition; however, these approaches miss most cCMV-infected newborns and fail to identify those infants…
View article: Lower Neutrophil Count Without Clinical Consequence Among Children of African Ancestry Living With HIV in Canada
Lower Neutrophil Count Without Clinical Consequence Among Children of African Ancestry Living With HIV in Canada Open
Objective: To investigate the association between African ancestry and neutrophil counts among children living with HIV (CLWH). We also examined whether medications, clinical conditions, hospitalization, or HIV virologic control were assoc…
View article: Chronic and Latent Viral Infections and Leukocyte Telomere Length across the Lifespan of Female and Male Individuals Living with or without HIV
Chronic and Latent Viral Infections and Leukocyte Telomere Length across the Lifespan of Female and Male Individuals Living with or without HIV Open
Background: Chronic/latent viral infections may accelerate immunological aging, particularly among people living with HIV (PLWH). We characterized chronic/latent virus infections across their lifespan and investigated their associations wi…
View article: 59 Perinatal Risk Factors and Cognitive Outcomes in Children HIV-Exposed, Uninfected
59 Perinatal Risk Factors and Cognitive Outcomes in Children HIV-Exposed, Uninfected Open
Objective: Children who are HIV-exposed uninfected (CHEU) are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairments due to perinatal HIV and antiretroviral therapy exposure as well as additional health and psychosocial burdens. There is limited unders…
View article: 48 Congenital Syphilis in Canada: Findings of a Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program Study
48 Congenital Syphilis in Canada: Findings of a Canadian Paediatric Surveillance Program Study Open
Background Since 2015, the incidence of congenital syphilis (CS) in Canada has increased significantly. Vertical transmission of syphilis can be prevented through timely treatment of infected pregnant persons; however, difficulty engaging …
View article: Practices, support and stigma related to infant feeding and postpartum engagement in care among women living with HIV in Canada
Practices, support and stigma related to infant feeding and postpartum engagement in care among women living with HIV in Canada Open
Background: Breastfeeding is not recommended for women living with HIV (WLWH) in Canada. We described the prevalence of breastfeeding and explored experiences of care, support, and stigma related to infant feeding. Setting: Quebec, Ontario…
View article: Type and timing of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy: Impact on risk of preterm delivery and small‐for‐gestational age births in Canada, a retrospective cohort study
Type and timing of antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy: Impact on risk of preterm delivery and small‐for‐gestational age births in Canada, a retrospective cohort study Open
Objective To evaluate the impact of type and timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the risk of preterm delivery (PTD) and small‐for‐gestational age (SGA) birth among pregnant women and people living with HIV in Canada. Methods Data for…
View article: Canadian Pediatric & Perinatal HIV/AIDS Research Group consensus recommendations for infant feeding in the HIV context
Canadian Pediatric & Perinatal HIV/AIDS Research Group consensus recommendations for infant feeding in the HIV context Open
Background: Providing comprehensive infant feeding guidance to families affected by HIV is complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach. While exclusive formula feeding remains the preferred recommendation for infants born to women li…
View article: Chitinase-3-like Protein 1 Is Associated with Poor Virologic Control and Immune Activation in Children Living with HIV
Chitinase-3-like Protein 1 Is Associated with Poor Virologic Control and Immune Activation in Children Living with HIV Open
Perinatally infected children living with HIV (CLWH) face lifelong infection and associated inflammatory injury. Chitinase-like 3 protein-1 (CHI3L1) is expressed by activated neutrophils and may be a clinically informative marker of system…
View article: A two-day workshop reviewing Canadian provincial and national HIV care cascade indicators, reporting, challenges, and recommendations
A two-day workshop reviewing Canadian provincial and national HIV care cascade indicators, reporting, challenges, and recommendations Open
BACKGROUND: The HIV care cascade is an indicators-framework used to assess achievement of HIV clinical targets including HIV diagnosis, HIV care initiation and retention, initiation of antiretroviral therapy, and attainment of viral suppre…
View article: Prescribing patterns of antiretroviral treatments during pregnancy for women living with <scp>HIV</scp> in Canada 2004–2020: A surveillance study
Prescribing patterns of antiretroviral treatments during pregnancy for women living with <span>HIV</span> in Canada 2004–2020: A surveillance study Open
Background While treatment guidelines for HIV in adults have evolved rapidly with the advent of new antiretroviral (ARV) treatment, those for the prevention of vertical HIV transmission in pregnancy have evolved more slowly due to safety a…
View article: British Columbia CARMA-CHIWOS Collaboration (BCC3): protocol for a community-collaborative cohort study examining healthy ageing with and for women living with HIV
British Columbia CARMA-CHIWOS Collaboration (BCC3): protocol for a community-collaborative cohort study examining healthy ageing with and for women living with HIV Open
Introduction Women living with HIV (WLWH) experience accelerated ageing and an increased risk of age-associated diseases earlier in life, compared with women without HIV. This is likely due to a combination of viral factors, gender differe…
View article: Help-Seeking to Cope With Experiences of Violence Among Women Living With HIV in Canada
Help-Seeking to Cope With Experiences of Violence Among Women Living With HIV in Canada Open
Using baseline data from a community-collaborative cohort of women living with HIV in Canada, we assessed the prevalence and correlates of help-seeking among 1,057 women who reported experiencing violence in adulthood (≥16 years). After vi…
View article: Is ‘conflict of interest’ a Misnomer? Managing interests in immunization research and evaluation
Is ‘conflict of interest’ a Misnomer? Managing interests in immunization research and evaluation Open
Potential conflicts of interest in vaccine research can lead to negative consequences that undermine public trust and thereby put communities at risk. However, collaborations that may give rise to potential conflicts between interests can …
View article: Predictive value of repeated cerebrospinal fluid parameters in the outcomes of bacterial meningitis in infants <90 days of age
Predictive value of repeated cerebrospinal fluid parameters in the outcomes of bacterial meningitis in infants <90 days of age Open
In this multi-centre retrospective cohort study, infants with gram negative meningitis were more likely to have repeated LP. A high WBC on the second CSF sample was predictive of adverse outcome at the time of discharge from the hospital.
View article: 17 Lyme Disease in Eastern Ontario - A Paediatric Centre’s Experience from 2009-2018
17 Lyme Disease in Eastern Ontario - A Paediatric Centre’s Experience from 2009-2018 Open
Background Lyme disease (LD) is caused by the tick-borne bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. Over the past ten years, robust local public health data indicates that the incidence of LD has increased significantly in the eastern region of Ontar…
View article: Inverse relationship between leukocyte telomere length attrition and blood mitochondrial DNA content loss over time
Inverse relationship between leukocyte telomere length attrition and blood mitochondrial DNA content loss over time Open
Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and whole blood mitochondrial DNA (WB mtDNA) content are aging markers impacted by chronic diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We characterized the relationship between these two m…
View article: Elevated Blood Mitochondrial DNA in Early Life Among Uninfected Children Exposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in utero
Elevated Blood Mitochondrial DNA in Early Life Among Uninfected Children Exposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Combination Antiretroviral Therapy in utero Open
Background Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) during pregnancy prevents vertical transmission, but many antiretrovirals cross the placenta and several can affect mitochondria. Exposure to maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) …
View article: Enteroviral and Herpes Simplex Virus Central Nervous System Infections in Infants &lt;90 Days Old: A Paediatric Investigators’ Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) Study
Enteroviral and Herpes Simplex Virus Central Nervous System Infections in Infants <90 Days Old: A Paediatric Investigators’ Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) Study Open
Background The relative contribution of viruses to central nervous system (CNS) infections in young infants is not clear. For viral CNS infections, there are limited data on features that suggest HSV etiology or on predictors of unfavorabl…
View article: Enteroviral and Herpes Simplex Virus Central Nervous System Infections in Infants &lt;90 Days Old: A Paediatric Investigators’ Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) Study
Enteroviral and Herpes Simplex Virus Central Nervous System Infections in Infants <90 Days Old: A Paediatric Investigators’ Collaborative Network on Infections in Canada (PICNIC) Study Open
Background: The relative contribution of viruses to central nervous system (CNS) infections in young infants is not clear. For viral CNS infections, there are limited data on features that suggest HSV etiology or on predictors of unfavorab…