Explanipedia

Phytoplankton Photophysiology Reveals Depth Specific Zooplankton Grazing Open

Jason R. Graff, Amy E. Maas · 2024

Marine particle forensics frequently uncover information on composition, age, size, and ecological history. Zooplankton fecal pellets are also studied for process-related data, such as grazing rates and carbon sequestration potential. Here…

Global estimates of particulate organic carbon from the surface ocean to the base of the mesopelagic Open

James Fox, Michael J. Behrenfeld, Kimberly H. Halsey, Jason R. Graff · 2024

The gravitational settling of organic particles from the surface to the deep ocean is an important export pathway and one of the largest components of the marine biological carbon pump (BCP). The strength and efficiency of the gravitationa…

Phytoplankton composition from sPACE: Requirements, opportunities, and challenges Open

Ivona Cetinić, Cécile S. Rousseaux, Ian T. Carroll, Alison Chase, Sasha J. Kramer , et al. · 2024

Ocean color satellites have provided a synoptic view of global phytoplankton for over 25 years through near surface measurements of the concentration of chlorophyll a. While remote sensing of ocean color has revolutionized our understandin…

Toward a synthesis of phytoplankton community composition methods for global-scale application Open

Sasha J. Kramer, Luis M. Bolaños, Dylan Catlett, Alison Chase, Michael J. Behrenfeld , et al. · 2023

The composition of the marine phytoplankton community has been shown to impact many biogeochemical processes and marine ecosystem services. A variety of methods exist to characterize phytoplankton community composition (PCC), with varying …

Phytoplankton composition from sPACE: requirements, opportunities, and challenges Open

Ivona Cetinić, Cécile S. Rousseaux, Ian T Carroll, Alison Chase, Sasha J. Kramer , et al. · 2023

Ocean color satellites have provided a synoptic view of global phytoplankton for over 25 years through surface measurements of the concentration of chlorophyll a.While remote sensing of ocean color has revolutionized our understanding of p…

Microbial Respiration in Contrasting Ocean Provinces via High-Frequency Optical Assays Open

Melanie R. Cohn, Brandon M. Stephens, Meredith G. Meyer, Garrett Sharpe, Alexandria K. Niebergall , et al. · 2023

Microbial respiration plays a pivotal role in the marine carbon cycle, influencing the fraction of fixed carbon that undergoes remineralization versus export to depth. Despite its importance, methodological constraints have led to an inade…

Assessment of Oceanographic Conditions during the North Atlantic EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) Field Campaign Open

Leah R. Johnson, David A. Siegel, Andrew F. Thompson, Erik Fields, Zachary K. Erickson , et al. · 2023

This manuscript presents an overview of NASA’s EXport Processes in the Ocean from Remote Sensing 2021 Field Campaign in the North Atlantic (EXPORTS NA) and provides quantitative and dynamical descriptions of the physical processes modulati…

Quantitative analysis of food web dynamics in a low export ecosystem Open

Heather McNair, Meredith G. Meyer, Sarah J. Lerch, Amy E. Maas, Brandon M. Stephens , et al. · 2023

Food webs trace the flow of organic matter and energy among producers and consumers; for pelagic marine food webs, network complexity directly influences the amount and form of carbon exported to the deep ocean via the biological pump. Her…

Reconciliation of total particulate organic carbon and nitrogen measurements determined using contrasting methods in the North Pacific Ocean as part of the NASA EXPORTS field campaign Open

Jason R. Graff, Norman B. Nelson, Montserrat Roca‐Martí, Elisa Romanelli, Sasha J. Kramer , et al. · 2023

Measurements of particulate organic carbon (POC) are critical for understanding the ocean carbon cycle, including biogenic particle formation and removal processes, and for constraining models of carbon cycling at local, regional, and glob…

<i>Synechococcus</i>nitrogen gene loss in iron-limited ocean regions Open

Garrett Sharpe, Liang Zhao, Meredith G. Meyer, Weida Gong, Shannon Burns , et al. · 2022

Synechococcus are the most abundant cyanobacteria in high latitude regions and are responsible for an estimated 17% of annual marine primary productivity. Despite their biogeochemical importance, Synechococcus populations have been unevenl…

Bio-GO-SHIP: The Time Is Right to Establish Global Repeat Sections of Ocean Biology Open

Sophie Clayton, Harriet Alexander, Jason R. Graff, Nicole Poulton, Luke Thompson , et al. · 2022

In this article, we present Bio-GO-SHIP, a new ocean observing program that will incorporate sustained and consistent global biological ocean observations into the Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP). The …

Bacterioplankton response to physical stratification following deep convection Open

Nicholas Baetge, Luis M. Bolaños, Alice Della Penna, Peter Gaube, Shuting Liu , et al. · 2022

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) produced by primary production in the sunlit ocean can be physically transported to the mesopelagic zone. The majority of DOC exported to this zone is remineralized by heterotrophic microbes over a range of t…

SAR11 Cells Rely on Enzyme Multifunctionality to Transport and Metabolize a Range of Polyamine Compounds Open

Stephen E. Noell, Gregory E. Barrell, Christopher P. Suffridge, Jeff Morré, Kevin P. Gable , et al. · 2021

In the ocean surface layer and cell culture, the polyamine transport protein PotD of SAR11 bacteria is often one of the most abundant proteins detected. Polyamines are organic cations produced by all living organisms and are thought to be …

Predictability of seawater DMS during the North Atlantic Aerosol and Marine Ecosystem Study (NAAMES) Open

Thomas G. Bell, Jack Porter, Wei‐Lei Wang, Michael J. Lawler, Faith Hoyle , et al. · 2021

<p>Surface ocean dimethylsulfide (DMS) was measured during four shipboard field campaigns conducted during the North Atlantic Aerosol and Marine Ecosystem Study (NAAMES).  Variations in surface seawater DMS are discussed in …

An operational overview of the EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) Northeast Pacific field deployment Open

David A. Siegel, Ivona Cetinić, Jason R. Graff, Craig M. Lee, Norman B. Nelson , et al. · 2021

The goal of the EXport Processes in the Ocean from RemoTe Sensing (EXPORTS) field campaign is to develop a predictive understanding of the export, fate, and carbon cycle impacts of global ocean net primary production. To accomplish this go…

Temperate infection in a virus–host system previously known for virulent dynamics Open

Ben Knowles, Juan A. Bonachela, Michael J. Behrenfeld, Karen Grace V. Bondoc, B. B. Cael , et al. · 2020

Shifts in Phytoplankton Community Structure Across an Anticyclonic Eddy Revealed From High Spectral Resolution Lidar Scattering Measurements Open

Jennifer A. Schulien, Alice Della Penna, Peter Gaube, Alison Chase, Nils Haëntjens , et al. · 2020

Changes in airborne high spectral resolution lidar (HSRL) measurements of scattering, depolarization, and attenuation coincided with a shift in phytoplankton community composition across an anticyclonic eddy in the North Atlantic. We norma…

Phytoplankton Community Composition Determined From Co-variability Among Phytoplankton Pigments From the NAAMES Field Campaign Open

Sasha J. Kramer, David A. Siegel, Jason R. Graff · 2020

Analysis of phytoplankton chemotaxonomic markers from high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) pigment determination is a common approach for evaluating phytoplankton community structure from ocean samples. Here, HPLC phytoplankton pi…

Variability in Marine Plankton Ecosystems Are Not Observed in Freshly Emitted Sea Spray Aerosol Over the North Atlantic Ocean Open

T. S. Bates, Patricia K. Quinn, D. J. Coffman, J. E. Johnson, Lucia M. Upchurch , et al. · 2020

Sea spray aerosol (SSA) consists of both sea salt and organic components. These aerosols affect Earth's climate by scattering solar radiation and by altering cloud properties. Here we present observations of SSA particles generated at sea …

The North Atlantic Aerosol and Marine Ecosystem Study (NAAMES): Science Motive and Mission Overview Open

Michael J. Behrenfeld, Richard H. Moore, C. A. Hostetler, Jason R. Graff, Peter Gaube , et al. · 2019

The North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES) is an interdisciplinary investigation to improve understanding of Earth's ocean ecosystem-aerosol-cloud system. Specific overarching science objectives for NAAMES are to (1) …

Evaluating Optical Proxies of Particulate Organic Carbon across the Surface Atlantic Ocean Open

Rafael Rasse, Giorgio Dall’Olmo, Jason R. Graff, Toby K. Westberry, Virginie van Dongen‐Vogels , et al. · 2017

Empirical relationships between particulate organic carbon (POC) and inherent optical properties (IOPs) are required for estimating POC from ocean-colour remote sensing and autonomous platforms. The main relationships studied are those bet…

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