Explanipedia

Axion Production and Detection Using a Dual NMR-type Experiment Open

Jeff A. Dror, Qingyang Wei · 2025

Axions that couple to nuclear spins via the axial current interaction can be both produced and detected using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. In this scheme, nuclei driven by a real oscillating magnetic field in one device act…

Pulsar timing detection of ultralight vector dark matter Open

Jeff A. Dror, Qiushi Wei · 2025

Ultralight vector dark matter induces metric fluctuations that generate timing residuals in the arrival times of pulsar emissions through two distinct modes: a fast mode, sourced by coherent field oscillations, and a slow mode, arising fro…

Erratum: New Method for the Astrometric Direct Detection of Ultralight Dark Matter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 111003 (2025)] Open

Jeff A. Dror, Sarunas Verner · 2025

This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.111003.

Ultralight Dark Matter Statistics for Pulsar Timing Detection Open

Kimberly K. Boddy, Jeff A. Dror, Austin Lam · 2025

Fluctuations in ultralight dark matter produce significant metric perturbations, which may be detected by monitoring the arrival times of light from millisecond pulsars. While searches using this technique are already underway, they do not…

Probing Picohertz Gravitational Waves with Pulsars Open

Q. Z. Zheng, Chiara M. F. Mingarelli, William DeRocco, Jonathan Nay, Kimberly K. Boddy , et al. · 2025

With periods much longer than the duration of current pulsar timing surveys, gravitational waves in the picohertz (pHz) regime are not detectable in the typical analysis framework for pulsar timing data. However, signatures of these low-fr…

Indirect detection of hot dark matter Open

Jeff A. Dror, Pearl Sandick, Barmak Shams Es Haghi, F. W. Yang · 2025

A bstract Cosmologically stable, light particles that came into thermal contact with the Standard Model in the early universe may persist today as a form of hot dark matter. For relics with masses in the eV range, their role in structure f…

New Method for the Astrometric Direct Detection of Ultralight Dark Matter Open

Jeff A. Dror, Sarunas Verner · 2025

Ultralight dark matter induces time-dependent perturbations in the spacetime metric, enabling its . In this Letter, we propose using astrometry to detect dark matter. After reviewing the calculation of the metric in the presence of scalar …

Ultralight Dark Matter Statistics for Pulsar Timing Detection Open

Kimberly K. Boddy, Jeff A. Dror, Austin Lam · 2025

Fluctuations in ultralight dark matter produce significant metric perturbations, which may be detected by monitoring the arrival times of light from millisecond pulsars. While searches using this technique are already underway, they do not…

Indirect Detection of Hot Dark Matter Open

Jeff A. Dror, Pearl Sandick, Barmak Shams Es Haghi, F. W. Yang · 2024

Cosmologically stable, light particles that came into thermal contact with the Standard Model in the early universe may persist today as a form of hot dark matter. For relics with masses in the eV range, their role in structure formation d…

Fast Parameter Inference on Pulsar Timing Arrays with Normalizing Flows Open

David Shih, Marat Freytsis, Stephen R. Taylor, Jeff A. Dror, Nolan Smyth · 2024

Pulsar timing arrays perform Bayesian posterior inference with expensive Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. Given a dataset of ∼10-100 pulsars and O(10^{3}) timing residuals each, producing a posterior distribution for the stochastic…

Astrometric Detection of Ultralight Dark Matter Open

Jeff A. Dror, Sarunas Verner · 2024

Ultralight dark matter induces time-dependent perturbations in the spacetime metric, enabling its gravitational direct detection. In this work, we propose using astrometry to detect dark matter. After reviewing the calculation of the metri…

Using Pulsar Parameter Drifts to Detect Subnanohertz Gravitational Waves Open

William DeRocco, Jeff A. Dror · 2024

Gravitational waves with frequencies below 1 nHz are notoriously difficult to detect. With periods exceeding current experimental lifetimes, they induce slow drifts in observables rather than periodic correlations. Observables with well-kn…

Searching for stochastic gravitational waves below a nanohertz Open

William DeRocco, Jeff A. Dror · 2023

The stochastic gravitational-wave background is imprinted on the times of arrival of radio pulses from millisecond pulsars. Traditional pulsar timing analyses fit a timing model to each pulsar and search the residuals of the fit for a stat…

Fast Parameter Inference on Pulsar Timing Arrays with Normalizing Flows Open

David Shih, Marat Freytsis, Stephen R. Taylor, Jeff A. Dror, Nolan Smyth · 2023

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) perform Bayesian posterior inference with expensive MCMC methods. Given a dataset of ~10-100 pulsars and O(10^3) timing residuals each, producing a posterior distribution for the stochastic gravitational wave ba…

QCD axion-mediated dark matter Open

Jeff A. Dror, Stefania Gori, Pankaj Munbodh · 2023

A bstract A QCD axion with a decay constant below 10 11 GeV is a strongly-motivated extension to the Standard Model, though its relic abundance from the misalignment mechanism or decay of cosmic defects is insufficient to explain the origi…

Search for a Dark-Matter-Induced Cosmic Axion Background with ADMX Open

T. Nitta, T. Braine, N. Du, M. Guzzetti, C. Hanretty , et al. · 2023

We report the first result of a direct search for a cosmic axion background (CaB)-a relativistic background of axions that is not dark matter-performed with the axion haloscope, the Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX). Conventional halosco…

Absorption of fermionic dark matter by nuclear targets Open

Jeff A. Dror, Gilly Elor, Robert McGehee · 2023

Absorption of fermionic dark matter leads to a range of distinct and novel signatures at dark matter direct detection and neutrino experiments. We study the possible signals from fermionic absorption by nuclear targets, which we divide int…

New Opportunities for Detecting Axion-Lepton Interactions Open

Wolfgang Altmannshofer, Jeff A. Dror, Stefania Gori · 2023

We revisit the theory and constraints on axionlike particles (ALPs) interacting with leptons. We clarify some subtleties in the constraints on ALP parameter space and find several new opportunities for ALP detection. We identify a qualitat…

QCD Axion-Mediated Dark Matter Open

Jeff A. Dror, Stefania Gori, Pankaj Munbodh · 2023

A QCD axion with a decay constant below $ 10 ^{ 11} ~{\rm GeV} $ is a strongly-motivated extension to the Standard Model, though its relic abundance from the misalignment mechanism or decay of cosmic defects is insufficient to explain the …

Millicharged relics reveal massless dark photons Open

Asher Berlin, Jeff A. Dror, Xucheng Gan, Joshua T. Ruderman · 2023

A bstract The detection of massless kinetically-mixed dark photons is notoriously difficult, as the effect of this mixing can be removed by a field redefinition in vacuum. In this work, we study the prospect of detecting massless dark phot…

Sensitivity of Spin-Precession Axion Experiments Open

Jeff A. Dror, Stefania Gori, Jacob M. Leedom, Nicholas L. Rodd · 2023

We study the signal and background that arise in nuclear magnetic resonance searches for axion dark matter, finding key differences with the existing literature. We find that spin-precession instruments are much more sensitive than what ha…

Searching For Stochastic Gravitational Waves Below a Nanohertz Open

William DeRocco, Jeff A. Dror · 2023

The stochastic gravitational-wave background is imprinted on the times of arrival of radio pulses from millisecond pulsars. Traditional pulsar timing analyses fit a timing model to each pulsar and search the residuals of the fit for a stat…

Erratum: Cosmic axion background [Phys. Rev. D 103, 115004 (2021)] Open

Jeff A. Dror, Hitoshi Murayama, Nicholas L. Rodd · 2022

Received 11 November 2022DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.106.119902Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must mainta…

Using Pulsar Parameter Drifts to Detect Sub-Nanohertz Gravitational Waves Open

William DeRocco, Jeff A. Dror · 2022

Gravitational waves with frequencies below 1~nHz are notoriously difficult to detect. With periods exceeding current experimental lifetimes, they induce slow drifts in observables rather than periodic correlations. Observables with well-kn…

Millicharged Relics Reveal Massless Dark Photons Open

Asher Berlin, Jeff A. Dror, Xucheng Gan, Joshua T. Ruderman · 2022

The detection of massless kinetically-mixed dark photons is notoriously difficult, as the effect of this mixing can be removed by a field redefinition in vacuum. In this work, we study the prospect of detecting massless dark photons in the…

New Opportunities for Detecting Axion-Lepton Interactions Open

Wolfgang Altmannshofer, Jeff A. Dror, Stefania Gori · 2022

We revisit the theory and constraints on axion-like particles (ALPs) interacting with leptons. We clarify some subtleties in the constraints on ALP parameter space and find several new opportunities for ALP detection. We identify a qualita…

Erratum: Absorption of sub-MeV fermionic dark matter by electron targets [Phys. Rev. D 103, 035001 (2021)] Open

Jeff A. Dror, Gilly Elor, Robert McGehee, T. Yu · 2022

Received 1 June 2022DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.105.119903Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain at…

A measurement of stellar surface gravity hidden in radial velocity differences of comoving stars Open

Matthew Moschella, Oren Slone, Jeff A. Dror, Matteo Cantiello, Hagai B. Perets · 2022

The gravitational redshift induced by stellar surface gravity is notoriously difficult to measure for non-degenerate stars, since its amplitude is small in comparison with the typical Doppler shift induced by stellar radial velocity. In th…

Data tables for primary and secondary datasets Open

Matthew Moschella, Oren Slone, Jeff A. Dror, Matteo Cantiello, Hagai B. Perets · 2022

These tables contain select information used to create Fig. 1 in arxiv: 2102.01079. PRIMARY.csv contains information for pairs of stars in the primary data set. SECONDARY.csv contains information for pairs of stars in the secondary data se…

Data tables for primary and secondary datasets Open

Matthew Moschella, Oren Slone, Jeff A. Dror, Matteo Cantiello, Hagai B. Perets · 2022

These tables contain select information used to create Fig. 1 in arxiv: 2102.01079. PRIMARY.csv contains information for pairs of stars in the primary data set. SECONDARY.csv contains information for pairs of stars in the secondary data se…

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