Explanipedia

Myeloperoxidase impacts vascular function by altering perivascular adipocytes’ secretome and phenotype in obesity Open

Alexander Hof, Max Landerer, Philipp Peitsmeyer, Raphael Herzog, Jens Alber , et al. · 2025

Obesity, a main driver of cardiovascular morbidity, contributes to endothelial dysfunction and inflammation in adipose tissues. Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) surrounds arteries and influences vascular function. In obesity, immune cell…

Reduced Notch signaling in hypothalamic endothelial cells mediates obesity-induced alterations in glucose uptake and insulin signaling Open

Yiyi Zhu, Oliver Mehlkop, Heiko Backes, Anna Lena Cremer, Marta Porniece , et al. · 2025

Short-term transition to high-fat diet (HFD) feeding causes rapid changes in the molecular architecture of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), BBB permeability, and brain glucose uptake. However, the precise mechanisms responsible for these cha…

Author Correction: A comprehensive spatio-cellular map of the human hypothalamus Open

John A. Tadross, Lukas Steuernagel, Georgina K.C. Dowsett, Katherine A. Kentistou, Sofia Lundh , et al. · 2025

A comprehensive spatio-cellular map of the human hypothalamus Open

John A. Tadross, Lukas Steuernagel, Georgina K.C. Dowsett, Katherine A. Kentistou, Sofia Lundh , et al. · 2025

The hypothalamus is a brain region that plays a key role in coordinating fundamental biological functions 1 . However, our understanding of the underlying cellular components and neurocircuitries have, until recently, emerged primarily fro…

B Cell-Derived Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ Contributes to Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Resistance in Obesity Open

Stephanie C. Puente-Ruiz, Liliam Midori Ide, Julia Schuller, Adel Ben-Kraiem, Anne Hoffmann , et al. · 2025

Neuroprotective effect of neuron‐specific deletion of the <span>C16</span> ceramide synthetic enzymes in an animal model of multiple sclerosis Open

Mario Amatruda, Damien Maréchal, Mar Gacias, Maureen Wentling, Sarah M. Turpin-Nolan , et al. · 2024

Ceramide C16 is a sphingolipid detected at high levels in several neurodegenerative disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS). It can be generated de novo or from the hydrolysis of other sphingolipids, such as sphingomyelin or through t…

NPY-mediated synaptic plasticity in the extended amygdala prioritizes feeding during starvation Open

Stephan Dodt, Noah V. Widdershooven, Marie-Luise Dreisow, Lisa Weiher, Lukas Steuernagel , et al. · 2024

Development of a genetically encoded sensor for probing endogenous nociceptin opioid peptide release Open

Xuehan Zhou, Carrie Stine, Patrícia O. Prada, Debora Fuscà, Kevin Assoumou , et al. · 2024

Nociceptin/orphanin-FQ (N/OFQ) is a recently appreciated critical opioid peptide with key regulatory functions in several central behavioral processes including motivation, stress, feeding, and sleep. The functional relevance of N/OFQ acti…

GABAergic disinhibition from the BNST to PNOCARC neurons promotes HFD-induced hyperphagia Open

Tamara Sotelo-Hitschfeld, Marielle Minère, Paul Klemm, Diba Borgmann, Daria Wnuk-Lipinski , et al. · 2024

Activation of prepronociceptin (PNOC)-expressing neurons in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) promotes high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced hyperphagia. In turn, PNOC^ARC neurons can inhibit the anorexic response of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neu…

Depletion of TBC1D4 improves the metabolic exercise response by overcoming genetically induced peripheral insulin resistance Open

Christian Springer, Christian Binsch, Deborah Weide, Laura Toska, Anna Lena Cremer , et al. · 2024

The RabGTPase-activating protein (RabGAP) TBC1D4 (=AS160) represents a key component in the regulation of glucose transport into skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue (WAT) and is therefore crucial during the development of insulin resi…

Depletion of TBC1D4 improves the metabolic exercise response by overcoming genetically induced peripheral insulin resistance Open

Christian Springer, Christian Binsch, Deborah Weide, Laura Toska, Anna Lena Cremer , et al. · 2024

The RabGTPase-activating protein (RabGAP) TBC1D4 (=AS160) represents a key component in the regulation of glucose transport into skeletal muscle and white adipose tissue (WAT) and is therefore crucial during the development of insulin resi…

Activation of GFRAL+ neurons induces hypothermia and glucoregulatory responses associated with nausea and torpor Open

Linda Engström, Ferran Font‐Gironès, Joanna Zajdel, Lara Kern, Júlia Teixidor-Deulofeu , et al. · 2024

GFRAL-expressing neurons actuate aversion and nausea, are targets for obesity treatment, and may mediate metformin effects by long-term GDF15-GFRAL agonism. Whether GFRAL⁺ neurons acutely regulate glucose and energy homeostasis …

Reciprocal activity of AgRP and POMC neurons governs coordinated control of feeding and metabolism Open

Alain J. De Solís, Almudena Del Río-Martín, Jan Radermacher, Weiyi Chen, Lukas Steuernagel , et al. · 2024

An Approach to Intersectionally Target Mature Enteroendocrine Cells in the Small Intestine of Mice Open

Christian Vossen, Patricia Schmidt, Claudia M. Wunderlich, Melanie J. Mittenbühler, Claas L. Tapken , et al. · 2024

Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) constitute only a small proportion of Villin-1 (Vil1)-expressing intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) of the gastrointestinal tract; yet, in sum, they build the largest endocrine organ of the body, with each of t…

CerS6-dependent ceramide synthesis in hypothalamic neurons promotes ER/mitochondrial stress and impairs glucose homeostasis in obese mice Open

Philipp Hammerschmidt, Sophie M. Steculorum, Cécile L. Bandet, Almudena Del Río-Martín, Lukas Steuernagel , et al. · 2023

ASTROCYTIC GLUT1 ABLATION IMPROVES SYSTEMIC GLUCOSE METABOLISM AND MEMORY RESILIENCE THROUGH ENHANCED INSULIN-STIMULATED ATP RELEASE Open

Carlos E. Ardanaz, Elena Puerta, María Laura Ramirez, Jens C. Brüning, Maite Solas · 2023

COORDINATED INTERPLAY BETWEEN AGRP AND POMC NEURONS MODULATES SYSTEMIC METABOLISM Open

Alain De Solis, Almudena Del Río-Martín, Jan Radermacher, Weiyi Chen, Lukas Steuernagel , et al. · 2023

Human HYPOMAP: A comprehensive spatio-cellular map of the human hypothalamus Open

John A. Tadross, Lukas Steuernagel, Georgina K.C. Dowsett, Katherine A. Kentistou, Sofia Lundh , et al. · 2023

The hypothalamus is a brain region that plays a key role in coordinating fundamental biological functions. However, our understanding of the underlying cellular components and circuitry, have, until recently, emerged primarily from rodent …

Liraglutide restores impaired associative learning in individuals with obesity Open

Ruth Hanßen, Lionel Rigoux, Bojana Kuzmanovic, Sandra Iglesias, Alina Chloé Kretschmer , et al. · 2023

Hyperpolarized Multi-organ Spectroscopy of Liver and Brain Using 1-13C-Pyruvate Enhanced via Parahydrogen Open

Theresa L. K. Hune, Salvatore Mamone, Andreas B. Schmidt, Inês Mahú, Natascha D’Apolito , et al. · 2023

Hyperpolarization in nuclear magnetic resonance boosts the signals by several orders of magnitude. Using the singlet spin order of parahydrogen to create large non-equilibrium spin polarization is a fast approach to obtain hyperpolarized m…

Development of a genetically encoded sensor for probing endogenous nociceptin opioid peptide release Open

Xuehan Zhou, Carrie Stine, Patrícia O. Prada, Debora Fuscà, Kevin Assoumou , et al. · 2023

Nociceptin/orphanin-FQ (N/OFQ) is a recently appreciated critical opioid peptide with key regulatory functions in several central behavioral processes including motivation, stress, feeding, and sleep. The functional relevance of N/OFQ acti…

Projectome-defined subtypes and modular intra-hypothalamic subnetworks of peptidergic neurons Open

Zhuolei Jiao, Taosha Gao, Xiaofei Wang, Wen Zhang, Nasim Biglari , et al. · 2023

The hypothalamus plays a vital role in coordinating essential neuroendocrine, autonomic, and somatomotor responses for survival and reproduction. While previous studies have explored population-level projections of hypothalamic neurons, th…

Hyperpolarized Multi-organ Spectroscopy of Liver and Brain using 1- 13C-Pyruvate Enhanced via Para-Hydrogen Open

Theresa L. K. Hune, Salvatore Mamone, Andreas B. Schmidt, Inês Mahú, Natascha D’Apolito , et al. · 2023

Hyperpolarization in nuclear magnetic resonance boosts the signals by several orders of magnitude. Using the singlet spin order of para-hydrogen to create large non-equilibrium spin polarization is a fast approach to obtain hyperpolarized …

Nutrient-sensing AgRP neurons relay control of liver autophagy during energy deprivation Open

Wei‐Yi Chen, Oliver Mehlkop, Alexandra Scharn, Hendrik Nolte, Paul Klemm , et al. · 2023

Habitual daily intake of a sweet and fatty snack modulates reward processing in humans Open

Sharmili Edwin Thanarajah, Alexandra G. DiFeliceantonio, Kerstin Albus, Bojana Kuzmanovic, Lionel Rigoux , et al. · 2023

The long-lasting shadow of litter size in rodents: litter size is an underreported variable that strongly determines adult physiology Open

Marcela Parra-Vargas, Sébastien G. Bouret, Jens C. Brüning, Egberto Gaspar de Moura, Theodore Garland , et al. · 2023

Below, we briefly describe the scientific evidence supporting the impact of litter size on adult physiology and outline a series of recommendations and guidelines to be implemented by investigators, funding agencies, editors in scientific …

Functional synapses between small cell lung cancer and glutamatergic neurons Open

Anna Schmitt, Vignesh Sakthivelu, Kristiano Ndoci, Gulzar A. Wani, Marian Touet , et al. · 2023

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive type of lung cancer, characterized by rapid proliferation, early metastatic spread, clinical recurrence and high rate of mortality. Using in vivo insertional mutagenesis screening in con…

Circulating uridine dynamically and adaptively regulates food intake in humans Open

Ruth Hanßen, Lionel Rigoux, Kerstin Albus, Alina Chloé Kretschmer, Sharmili Edwin Thanarajah , et al. · 2023

Feeding behavior must be continuously adjusted to match energy needs. Recent discoveries in murine models identified uridine as a regulator of energy balance. Here, we explore its contribution to the complex control of food intake in human…

Early microglial response, myelin deterioration and lethality in mice deficient for very long chain ceramide synthesis in oligodendrocytes Open

Jonathan D. Teo, Oana C. Marian, Alanna G. Spiteri, Madeline Nicholson, Huitong Song , et al. · 2022

The sphingolipids galactosylceramide (GalCer), sulfatide (ST) and sphingomyelin (SM) are essential for myelin stability and function. GalCer and ST are synthesized mostly from C22‐C24 ceramides, generated by Ceramide Synthase 2 (CerS2). To…

Sphingolipid subtypes differentially control proinsulin processing and systemic glucose homeostasis Open

Kerstin Grieß, Michael Rieck, Nadine Müller, Gergely Karsai, Sonja Hartwig , et al. · 2022

Jens C. Brüning YOU? Author Swipe