James M. Bullock
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View article: Restoration of ecological interactions: The influence of site and landscape factors
Restoration of ecological interactions: The influence of site and landscape factors Open
View article: The Roles of Space and Food‐Web Complexity in Mediating Ecological Recovery
The Roles of Space and Food‐Web Complexity in Mediating Ecological Recovery Open
Landscape‐scale ecological restoration is a key strategy for halting and reversing biodiversity decline. However, ensuring the long‐term sustainability of restoration efforts requires guiding the recovery of complex ecological systems with…
View article: Modelling plant disease spread and containment: Simulation and approximate Bayesian Computation for Xylella fastidiosa in Puglia, Italy
Modelling plant disease spread and containment: Simulation and approximate Bayesian Computation for Xylella fastidiosa in Puglia, Italy Open
Mathematical and computational models play a crucial role in understanding the epidemiology of economically important plant disease outbreaks, and in evaluating the effectiveness of surveillance and disease management measures. A case in p…
View article: Validation of the InVEST nutrient retention model across Europe with attribution of model errors
Validation of the InVEST nutrient retention model across Europe with attribution of model errors Open
Intensive fertilisation of farmland leads to substantial nutrient escape into the environment, polluting land, water, and the atmosphere. We used the InVEST NDR model to investigate nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) run-off and retention acr…
View article: Biodiversity conservation requires integration of species-centric and process-based strategies
Biodiversity conservation requires integration of species-centric and process-based strategies Open
Conservation science and policy are geared primarily toward the preservation of species and habitats, with priority often given to the rarest, most vulnerable or most charismatic forms. This pattern-based approach has broad appeal and offe…
View article: Precipitation and temperature drive woody vegetation dynamics in the grasslands of sub‐Saharan Africa
Precipitation and temperature drive woody vegetation dynamics in the grasslands of sub‐Saharan Africa Open
Identifying the drivers of ecosystem dynamics, and how responses vary spatially and temporally, is a critical challenge in the face of global change. Grasslands in sub‐Saharan Africa are vital ecosystems supporting biodiversity, carbon sto…
View article: Agroecological farming promotes yield and biodiversity but may require subsidy to be profitable
Agroecological farming promotes yield and biodiversity but may require subsidy to be profitable Open
Intensive arable agriculture uses agrochemicals to replace ecosystem services (e.g. pest control and soil health) while simultaneously degrading others (e.g. pollination). Agroecological farming aims to reduce this reliance on agrochemical…
View article: Challenges in Modelling Spatio‐Temporal Climatic Correlates of Local Losses of Wild Bees Using Dynamic Occupancy Models
Challenges in Modelling Spatio‐Temporal Climatic Correlates of Local Losses of Wild Bees Using Dynamic Occupancy Models Open
Aim Impacts of climate change on biodiversity are well documented. Much of the evidence linking climate change to species distribution changes derives from studies using long‐term climate averages in a correlative spatial framework. While …
View article: Beyond proximity: A review and framework to further understanding of greenspace accessibility in the x‐minute city
Beyond proximity: A review and framework to further understanding of greenspace accessibility in the x‐minute city Open
Urban greenspaces are crucial for public health, climate resilience and community well‐being, yet there are inequalities in accessibility in cities across the world. The ‘x‐minute city’ framework has been proposed as a potential solution, …
View article: A multi‐scale approach to integrating rewilding into agricultural landscapes
A multi‐scale approach to integrating rewilding into agricultural landscapes Open
Finding ways to improve the sustainability of modern agriculture by recovering nature in agricultural landscapes is critical for conserving biodiversity and enhancing human well‐being. Rewilding principles could be applied to any type of l…
View article: Density‐Dependent Effects on the Reproductive Ecology of Trees in a Temperate Woodland
Density‐Dependent Effects on the Reproductive Ecology of Trees in a Temperate Woodland Open
The reproductive success of plants often depends on their local conspecific densities. The degree of isolation from conspecific plants can mediate an individual's interactions with other organisms. For example, a high density of flowers ca…
View article: Precision ecology for targeted conservation action
Precision ecology for targeted conservation action Open
View article: The roles of space and food web complexity in mediating ecological recovery
The roles of space and food web complexity in mediating ecological recovery Open
Landscape-scale ecological restoration is a key strategy for halting and reversing biodiversity decline. However, ensuring the long-term sustainability of restoration efforts requires guiding the recovery of complex ecological systems with…
View article: Revisiting the case for assisted colonisation under rapid climate change
Revisiting the case for assisted colonisation under rapid climate change Open
Climate change is driving the rapid reorganisation of the world's biota as species shift their ranges to track suitable conditions, but habitat fragmentation and other barriers hinder this adaptive response for species with limited dispers…
View article: Agroecological farming promotes yield and biodiversity but may require subsidy to be profitable
Agroecological farming promotes yield and biodiversity but may require subsidy to be profitable Open
1. Intensive arable agriculture uses agrochemicals to replace ecosystem services (e.g. pest control and soil health) while simultaneously degrading others (e.g. pollination). Agroecological farming aims to reduce this reliance. Whether the…
View article: D5.2 InVEST Models at the European scale
D5.2 InVEST Models at the European scale Open
In this Deliverable, the outputs from the BESTMAP biodiversity and ESS models, necessary for this Deliverable, are briefly described. Second, the data used for meta-modelling is listed. Third, the process behind meta-modelling - the main f…
View article: Publisher Correction: Business-as-usual trends will largely miss 2030 global conservation targets
Publisher Correction: Business-as-usual trends will largely miss 2030 global conservation targets Open
International audience
View article: Business-as-usual trends will largely miss 2030 global conservation targets
Business-as-usual trends will largely miss 2030 global conservation targets Open
To address climate change and global biodiversity loss, the world must hit three important international conservation targets by 2030: protect 30% of terrestrial and marine areas, halt and reverse forest loss, and restore 350 Mha of degrad…
View article: Historic Land Use Modifies Impacts of Climate and Isolation in Rear Edge European Beech (<i>Fagus sylvatica L.</i>) Populations
Historic Land Use Modifies Impacts of Climate and Isolation in Rear Edge European Beech (<i>Fagus sylvatica L.</i>) Populations Open
Legacies of human land use have the potential to impact demographic responses to climate. However, few studies have investigated the interactive effects of land use legacies and climate change on tree demography. The demographic performanc…
View article: Quantifying relative sponginess: a high-resolution model of landscape water retention as an ecosystem service
Quantifying relative sponginess: a high-resolution model of landscape water retention as an ecosystem service Open
Unprecedented climate and land use changes are having major impacts on water-based ecosystem services (ES). It is crucial, therefore, to get an in-depth understanding of current levels of such ES provision, and how they could be impacted b…
View article: Sensitivities in associating land-system archetypes with sustainability metrics: Insights from simulations
Sensitivities in associating land-system archetypes with sustainability metrics: Insights from simulations Open
Archetypes of land- and socio-ecological systems, generated using unsupervised classification methods, enable the assimilation of complex environmental and socio-economic information. Such simplification has considerable potential to feed …
View article: Identifying pathways to more sustainable farming using archetypes and multi-objective optimisation
Identifying pathways to more sustainable farming using archetypes and multi-objective optimisation Open
The benchmarking of farm environmental sustainability and the monitoring of progress towards more sustainable farming systems is made difficult by the need to aggregate multiple indicators at the relevant spatial scales. We present a novel…
View article: A family of process-based models to simulate landscape use by multiple taxa
A family of process-based models to simulate landscape use by multiple taxa Open
View article: Quantifying farm sustainability through the lens of ecological theory
Quantifying farm sustainability through the lens of ecological theory Open
The achievements of the Green Revolution in meeting the nutritional needs of a growing global population have been won at the expense of unintended consequences for the environment. Some of these negative impacts are now threatening the su…
View article: Trade-offs constrain the success of glyphosate-free farming
Trade-offs constrain the success of glyphosate-free farming Open
View article: Explore before you restore: Incorporating complex systems thinking in ecosystem restoration
Explore before you restore: Incorporating complex systems thinking in ecosystem restoration Open
The global movement for ecosystem restoration has gained momentum in response to the Bonn Challenge (2010) and the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (UNDER, 2021–2030). While several science‐based guidelines exist to aid in achieving succ…
View article: Effect of green infrastructure on restoration of pollination networks and plant performance in semi‐natural dry grasslands across Europe
Effect of green infrastructure on restoration of pollination networks and plant performance in semi‐natural dry grasslands across Europe Open
Agricultural intensification, afforestation and land abandonment are major drivers of biodiversity loss in semi‐natural grasslands across Europe. Reversing these losses requires the reinstatement of plant–animal interactions such as pollin…
View article: Ecological restoration and rewilding: two approaches with complementary goals?
Ecological restoration and rewilding: two approaches with complementary goals? Open
As we enter the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021–2030) and address the urgent need to protect and restore ecosystems and their ecological functions at large scales, rewilding has been brought into the limelight. Interest in this di…
View article: A cross-regional analysis of red-backed shrike responses to agri-environmental schemes in Europe
A cross-regional analysis of red-backed shrike responses to agri-environmental schemes in Europe Open
Agri-environmental schemes (AES) are the main policy tool to counteract farmland biodiversity declines in Europe, but their biodiversity benefit varies across sites and is likely moderated by landscape context. Systematic monitoring of AES…
View article: Precipitation and temperature drive woody dynamics in the grasslands of sub-Saharan Africa
Precipitation and temperature drive woody dynamics in the grasslands of sub-Saharan Africa Open
Understanding the drivers of ecosystem dynamics, and how responses vary spatially and temporally, is a critical challenge in the face of global change. Here we used structural equation models and remote sensing datasets to understand the d…